The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (November, 2008) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 2. Macdonald, D. (2001) The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• 3. CITES (November, 2002) http://www.cites.org
• 4. Monachus.com (November, 2002) http://www.monachus.org/profiles/hawaseal.htm
• 5. Animal Diversity Web (November, 2002) http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/monachus/m._schauinslandi$narrative.html
• 6. National Marine Fisheries Service (November, 2002) http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/PR2/Stock_Assessment_Program/Pinnipeds/Hawaiian_Monk_Seal/PO01hawaiianmonkseal_hawaii.pdf
• 7. Marine Mammal Commission (November, 2002) http://www.monachus-guardian.org/library/mmcrep02.pdf
• 8. Gilmartin, B. (2005) Pers. Comm.
• Antonelis, G., J. Baker, T. Johanos, R. Braun, A. Harting. 2003. "Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus Schauinslandi): Status and Conservation Issues" (On-line pdf). Accessed August 02, 2010 at http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/arb/543/06.pdf.
• Baker, J. 2004. Abundance of Hawaiian monk seals in the main Hawaiian islands. Biological Conservation, 116/1: 103-110.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• Berta, A.; Churchill, M. (2011). Monachus schauinslandi Matschie, 1905. Accessed through: Land J. van der (ed). (2008) UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO) at http://www.marinespecies.org/urmo/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=255019 on 2012-05-24
• Bertillson-Friedman, P. 2006. Distribution and Frequencies of shark inflicted wounds to the endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus Schauinslandi). Journal of Zoology, 268/4: 361-368.
• Boness, D., C. Mitchell, L. Honigman, S. Austin. 1998. Fostering Behavior and the Effect on Female Density in Hawaiian Monk Seals, Monachus Schauinslandi. Journal of Mammalogy, 79/3: 1060-1069.
• David Macdonald (1985) The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Facts on File: New York.
• Gerrodette, T., W. Gilmartin. 1990. Demographic consequences of changed pupping and hauling sites of the Hawaiian monk seal. Conservation Biology, 4/4: 423-430. Accessed February 10, 2011 at http://swfsc.noaa.gov/publications/CR/1990/9015.PDF.
• Gilmartin, W. 1983. Recovery Plan for the Hawaiian Monk Seal, Monachus schauinslandi. Silver Springs, MD: National Marine Fisheries Service.
• Gilmartin, W. 1995. Status of the Hawaiian monk seal population. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73: 1185-1190.
• Gilmartin, W., J. Forcada. 2002. Monk Seals. Pp. 756-759 in W Perrin, W Bernd, J Thewissen, eds. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 1st Edition. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
• Goodman-Lowe, G. 1998. Diet of the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus Schauinslandi) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands during 1991 to 1994. Marine Biology, 132: 535-546.
• Goodman-Lowe, G. 1999. Assimilation efficiency of prey in the Hawaiian monk seal. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 77/4: 653-660.
• Job, D., D. Boness, J. Francis. 1995. Individual variation in nursing vocalizations of Hawaiian monk seal pups, Monachus schauinslandi (Phocidae, Pinnipedia), and lack of maternal recognition. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73: 975-983.
• National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007. Recovery Plan for the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi). Second Revision. Silver Springs, MD: National Marine Fisheries Service.
• Parrish, F., K. Abernathy, G. Marshall, B. Buhleier. 2002. Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus Schauinslandi) foraging in deep water coral beds. Mammal Science, 18: 244-258.
• Parrish, F., M. Craig, T. Ragen, G. Marshall, B. Buhlier. 2000. Identifying dirunal foraging habitat of endangered Hawaiin monk seals using seal mounted video camera.. Mammal Science, 16: 392-412.
• Rice, Dale W. 1998. Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Schultz, J., J. Baker, R. Toonen, B. Bowen. 2008. Extremely Low Genetic Diversity in the Endangered Hawaiian Monk Seal. Journal of Heredity, 100/1: 25-33.
• Stewart, B., G. Antonelis, J. Baker, P. Yochem. 2006. Foraging biogeography of Hawaiian monk seals in the northwestern Hawaiian islands. Atoll Research Bulletin, 543: 131–145.
• UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms
• Weckerly, F. 1998. Sexual-Size Dimorphism: Influence of Mass and Mating Systems in the Most Dimorphic Mammals. Journal of Mammalogy, 79:1: 52. Accessed September 08, 2010 at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1382840.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204