The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (November, 2008) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 1996. database, NODC Taxonomic Code
• 1998. website, Mammal Species of the World
• 2. Macdonald, D. (2001) The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• 2001. website, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species Program-03/01
• 3. CITES (November, 2002) http://www.cites.org
• 4. Monachus.com (November, 2002) http://www.monachus.org/profiles/hawaseal.htm
• 5. Animal Diversity Web (November, 2002) http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/monachus/m._schauinslandi$narrative.html
• 6. National Marine Fisheries Service (November, 2002) http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/PR2/Stock_Assessment_Program/Pinnipeds/Hawaiian_Monk_Seal/PO01hawaiianmonkseal_hawaii.pdf
• 7. Marine Mammal Commission (November, 2002) http://www.monachus-guardian.org/library/mmcrep02.pdf
• 8. Gilmartin, B. (2005) Pers. Comm.
• Antonelis, G., J. Baker, T. Johanos, R. Braun, A. Harting. 2003. "Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus Schauinslandi): Status and Conservation Issues" (On-line pdf). Accessed August 02, 2010 at http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/duffy/arb/543/06.pdf.
• Baker, J. 2004. Abundance of Hawaiian monk seals in the main Hawaiian islands. Biological Conservation, 116/1: 103-110.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• Berta, A.; Churchill, M. (2012). Monachus schauinslandi Matschie, 1905. Accessed through: Land J. van der (ed). (2008) UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO) at http://www.marinespecies.org/urmo/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=255019 on 2013-03-02
• Bertillson-Friedman, P. 2006. Distribution and Frequencies of shark inflicted wounds to the endangered Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus Schauinslandi). Journal of Zoology, 268/4: 361-368.
• Boness, D., C. Mitchell, L. Honigman, S. Austin. 1998. Fostering Behavior and the Effect on Female Density in Hawaiian Monk Seals, Monachus Schauinslandi. Journal of Mammalogy, 79/3: 1060-1069.
• C. S. Davis and I. Delisle. 2004. A phylogeny of the extant Phocidae inferred from complete mitochondrial DNA coding regions. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33:363-377
• David Macdonald (1985) The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Facts on File: New York.
• Gerrodette, T., W. Gilmartin. 1990. Demographic consequences of changed pupping and hauling sites of the Hawaiian monk seal. Conservation Biology, 4/4: 423-430. Accessed February 10, 2011 at http://swfsc.noaa.gov/publications/CR/1990/9015.PDF.
• Gilmartin, W. 1983. Recovery Plan for the Hawaiian Monk Seal, Monachus schauinslandi. Silver Springs, MD: National Marine Fisheries Service.
• Gilmartin, W. 1995. Status of the Hawaiian monk seal population. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73: 1185-1190.
• Gilmartin, W., J. Forcada. 2002. Monk Seals. Pp. 756-759 in W Perrin, W Bernd, J Thewissen, eds. Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 1st Edition. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
• Goodman-Lowe, G. 1998. Diet of the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus Schauinslandi) from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands during 1991 to 1994. Marine Biology, 132: 535-546.
• Goodman-Lowe, G. 1999. Assimilation efficiency of prey in the Hawaiian monk seal. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 77/4: 653-660.
• Job, D., D. Boness, J. Francis. 1995. Individual variation in nursing vocalizations of Hawaiian monk seal pups, Monachus schauinslandi (Phocidae, Pinnipedia), and lack of maternal recognition. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73: 975-983.
• National Marine Fisheries Service, 2007. Recovery Plan for the Hawaiian Monk Seal (Monachus schauinslandi). Second Revision. Silver Springs, MD: National Marine Fisheries Service.
• Orrell T. (custodian) (2013). ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (version Sept 12). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Parrish, F., K. Abernathy, G. Marshall, B. Buhleier. 2002. Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus Schauinslandi) foraging in deep water coral beds. Mammal Science, 18: 244-258.
• Parrish, F., M. Craig, T. Ragen, G. Marshall, B. Buhlier. 2000. Identifying dirunal foraging habitat of endangered Hawaiin monk seals using seal mounted video camera.. Mammal Science, 16: 392-412.
• Rice, Dale W. 1998. Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4
• Rice, Dale W. 1998. Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Schultz, J., J. Baker, R. Toonen, B. Bowen. 2008. Extremely Low Genetic Diversity in the Endangered Hawaiian Monk Seal. Journal of Heredity, 100/1: 25-33.
• Stewart, B., G. Antonelis, J. Baker, P. Yochem. 2006. Foraging biogeography of Hawaiian monk seals in the northwestern Hawaiian islands. Atoll Research Bulletin, 543: 131–145.
• UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms
• Weckerly, F. 1998. Sexual-Size Dimorphism: Influence of Mass and Mating Systems in the Most Dimorphic Mammals. Journal of Mammalogy, 79:1: 52. Accessed September 08, 2010 at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1382840.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1992. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204