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Overview

Distribution

Range Description

This species occurs from southeastern Honduras to southwestern Ecuador (Woods and Kilpatrick 2005). Mostly a lowland species but there are a few unconfirmed records to 1,700 m in Ecuador (C. Boada pers. comm.). It is possible that the species occurs in northwestern Peru (V. Pacheco pers. comm.).
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology
This large rat is found in lowland evergreen forest primary and second growth. Also occurs in deciduous forest, where it favors riparian corridors and low-lying areas. This species is tolerant to some degree of habitat destruction (e.g., partial deforestation and habitat fragmentation).

Nocturnal, mainly terrestrial and solitary. It travels along fallen logs or old walls but does not climb trees. At night it is often seen sitting quietly near buttress roots or logs. It walks slowly and sometimes freezes in a spotlight. This rat may use burrows during the day but often occupies shallow depressions under roosts and hollow logs, or in dense vegetation. The diet consists mainly of fruit and seeds, with lesser amounts of plant material, insects, and fungi. Palm nuts and other large seeds are carried to a sheltered spot to be eaten. Females give birth to 1 to 5 precocious young and may breed 4 times a year (Reid 1997).

Systems
  • Terrestrial
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Life History and Behavior

Life Expectancy

Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

Maximum longevity: 5.8 years (captivity) Observations: It has been reported that 2 year old animals are common (Ronald Nowak 1999).
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment


Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2008

Assessor/s
Gómez-Laverde, M., Aguilera, M., Boada, C. & Timm, R.

Reviewer/s
McKnight, M. (Global Mammal Assessment Team) & Amori, G. (Small Nonvolant Mammal Red List Authority)

Justification
This species is listed as Least Concern because of its wide distribution, presumed large population, occurrence in a number of protected areas, tolerance to some degree of habitat modification, and because it does not appear to be under threat and it is unlikely to be declining anywhere near the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.

History
  • 1996
    Lower Risk/least concern
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Population

Population
This species is common, often abundant (Reid 1997).

Population Trend
Stable
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Threats

Threats

Major Threats
Deforestation is a threat in some parts of its range, although this species is thought to be tolerant to a degree of habitat destruction or alteration (M. Gómez-Laverde pers. comm.).
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Management

Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions
This species occurs in several protected areas. No conservation measures are needed for this species.
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Wikipedia

Tome's Spiny-rat

Tome's Spiny-rat (Proechimys semispinosus), also known as the Central American spiny rat, is a species of spiny rat distributed from Honduras to Ecuador. The IUCN classifies it as least concern under P. semispinosus and near threatened as P. gorgonae.

References

  1. ^ Gómez-Laverde, M., Aguilera, M., Boada, C. & Timm, R. (2008). Proechimys semispinosus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 January 2009.
  • Woods, C. A. and C. W. Kilpatrick. 2005. Hystricognathi. pp 1538–1600 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.


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