Bornean Orangutan

Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus 1760)

Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor cc-by-nc-sa-3.0

Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean Orangutan) is a species of primates in the family Hominidae. They are listed in cites appendix i. They are native to Asia. They are solitary, diurnal omnivores. Individuals are known to live for 720 months and can grow to 1410 mm. Reproduction is viviparous. They have parental care (female provides care).

URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/CITES_I
Definition: Appendix I lists species that are the most endangered among CITES-listed animals and plants. They are threatened with extinction and CITES prohibits international trade in specimens of these species except when the purpose of the import is not commercial, for instance for scientific research. In these exceptional cases, trade may take place provided it is authorized by the granting of both an import permit and an export permit (or re-export certificate). Article VII of the Convention provides for a number of exemptions to this general prohibition.
Source: https://www.speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/7106/legal

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URI: http://www.geonames.org/6255147

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q164509
Definition: organism consuming a variety of foods, usually including both plants and animals

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/solitary
Definition: Solitary animals are those that spend a majority of their lives without others of their species, with possible exceptions for mating and raising their young. Antonyms for a solitary animal include a social animal or a colonial animal.
Attribution: https://www.definitions.net/definition/solitary+animal

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URI: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q906470
Definition: animal behavior characterized by activity during the day, with a period of inactivity at night.

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URI: http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/Viviparous
Definition: 1) Producing live offspring from within the body of the parent (Lincoln et al., 1998). 2) Development of an embryo within the body of the parent, in part, resources passing directly from parent to embryo (Barnes et al., 2006).
Attribution: Lincoln, R., Boxshall, G. & Clark, P., 1998. A dictionary of ecology, evolution and systematics (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University of Press. Barnes R.S.K., Calow P., Olive P.J.W., Golding, D.W, and Spicer, J.I. 2006. The invertebrates: a new synthesis, Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. http://www.marinespecies.org/traits/wiki/Traits:Viviparous

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URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/parentalCareFemale
Definition: the female feeds and nurtures offspring
Attribution: Richard M. Sibly, Christopher C. Witt, Natalie A. Wright, Chris Venditti, Walter Jetz, and James H. Brown. 2012. Energetics, lifestyle, and reproduction in birds. PNAS 109(27):10937-10941, doi:10.1073/pnas.1206512109

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EOL has data for 78 attributes, including:

age at maturity
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/AgeAtMaturity
- Definition: Age at the first successful reproduction.
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3591.6 days
body shape
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/BodyShape
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bilaterally symmetric
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001324
- Definition: being symmetric about a plane running from frontal end to caudal end (head to tail), and having nearly identical right and left halves
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diet breadth
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/DietBreadth
- Definition: Number of dietary categories eaten by an organism.
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5
diet includes
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/Diet
- Definition: Information about the items eaten by this organism.
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sap
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025538
- Definition: an aqueous solution that can be transported through the apoplast or symplast of a plant
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ecomorphological guild
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/EcomorphologicalGuild
- Definition: organisms that share certain morphological traits due to adaptation to similar environments and ecological roles
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arboreal habitat
- URI: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_00000571
- Definition: A habitat in or on trees.
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first appearance
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/FossilFirst
- Definition: The first appearance of this taxon in the fossil record.
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pleistocene epoch
- URI: http://resource.geosciml.org/classifier/ics/ischart/Pleistocene
- Attribution: International Chronostratigraphic Chart: http://www.stratigraphy.org/index.php/ics-chart-timescale
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geographic range (size of area)
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/GeographicRangeArea
- Definition: The total extent of the geographic range of an organism.
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245264.03 km^2
habitat breadth
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HabitatBreadth
- Definition: Number of habitat layers used by an organism
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2
head-body length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HeadBodyLength
- Definition: Head-body length is the total length from tip of nose to anus, base of tail or vent (i.e. tail length is excluded).
- Comment: Example: snout vent length in amphibians
- Attribution: YouTheria Manual: Head-body length http://www.utheria.org/head-bodylength.aspx
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805 mm
height standing
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HeightStanding
- Definition: The height when maintaining an erect upright position.
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1160 mm
hind tarsus length
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HindTarsusLength
- Definition: The hind foot length, from heel to toe.
- Attribution: Darrin Lunde
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310 mm
home range
- URI: http://eol.org/schema/terms/HomeRange
- Definition: Size of the area within which everyday activities of individuals or groups (of any type) are typically restricted.
- Attribution: Kate E. Jones, Jon Bielby, Marcel Cardillo, Susanne A. Fritz, Justin O'Dell, C. David L. Orme, Kamran Safi, Wes Sechrest, Elizabeth H. Boakes, Chris Carbone, Christina Connolly, Michael J. Cutts, Janine K. Foster, Richard Grenyer, Michael Habib, Christopher A. Plaster, Samantha A. Price, Elizabeth A. Rigby, Janna Rist, Amber Teacher, Olaf R. P. Bininda-Emonds, John L. Gittleman, Georgina M. Mace, and Andy Purvis. 2009. PanTHERIA: a species-level database of life history, ecology, and geography of extant and recently extinct mammals. Ecology 90:2648. http://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E090/184/
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5.49 km^2

Known occurrences, collected specimens and observations of Bornean orangutan from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility

GBIF provides free and open access to biodiversity data. View this species on GBIF

Phil Myers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor cc-by-nc-sa-3.0

Bornean orangutan includes 3 children: