Vespertilio murinus has a wide distribution in the northern Palaearctic, from France, Britain and the Netherlands in the west through central, northern, and eastern Europe and Siberia to the Pacific coast. In the Mediterranean region this species occurs from southeastern France eastwards through northern Italy and Switzerland into most of the Balkans. There are scattered records from Turkey. In Japan, it has only been recorded from Rebun Island in 2002 (Abe, et al., 2005). The northern limit is above 60°N in Fennoscandia and ca. 63°N in Russia, and the southern limit of its range passes through the Balkan peninsula, northern Iran, central Asia, Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and China. The southern records refer to wintering individuals, and the westernmost records refer to vagrants. Breeding is restricted to the northern part of the range in this migratory species. It occurs from sea level to 3,400 m asl (Molur et al. 2002)

In Mongolia, it was first recorded in 1964 in Shargyn Govi in Mongol Altai Mountain Range (Stubbe and Chotolchu, 1968), currently distributed throughout Mongolia including Hentii and Hangai mountain ranges (Tinnin et al., 2002), and Valley of the Lakes (Sokolov and Orlov, 1980). In China, the subspecies V. m. murinus Linnaeus, 1758 occurs in the provinces of Xinjiang (northwest China) and Gansu (central China), and V. m. ussuriensis Wallin, 1969 occurs in the provinces of Nei Mongol and Heilongjiang.