Table of Contents
Overview
Brief Summary
Biology
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Comprehensive Description
Description
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Distribution
Range Description
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Geographic Range
Species of collared mangabey are found in West Africa and distributed from Guinea to Gabon.
(Wilson, 1993)
Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )
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Senegal to Ghana; Nigeria to Gabon
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Range
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Physical Description
Morphology
Physical Description
Average mass: 9492.5 g.
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Ecology
Habitat
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
- Terrestrial
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Habitat
Collared mangabeys are arboreal as well as terrestrial, but they mainly inhabit lower levels of the forests, especially in swamp forests. Their flexibility on the ground and among the trees allows them to have a rather broad range of habitat, including swamp and agricultural areas. Collared mangabeys typically use the trees to obtain foods and as a haven for hiding and sleeping, but they usually escape enemies and predators (leopards and eagles) terrestrially (on the ground).
(Parker, 1990 and Hill, 1974)
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Habitat
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Trophic Strategy
Food Habits
Similar to other species of Cercocebus, collared mangabeys feed on fruits, nuts, seeds, young leaves, grass, mushrooms, and invertebrates.
(Parker, 1990)
Animal Foods: insects
Plant Foods: leaves; seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit
Other Foods: fungus
Primary Diet: omnivore
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Life History and Behavior
Life Expectancy
Lifespan/Longevity
Average lifespan
Sex: female
Status: captivity: 14.7 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 30.0 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 27.0 years.
Average lifespan
Status: wild: 20.5 years.
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Lifespan, longevity, and ageing
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Reproduction
Reproduction
Most collared mangabey reach sexual maturity at age 5-7 years. The gestation period lasts for about 170 days, and a female gives birth to only a single young each time. The average weight of each young is unknown. It seems that collared mangabeys lack a well-defined breeding period; however, most of our information derives from species living in captivity and little is known about their reproduction in the wild.
(Parker, 1990 and Hill, 1974)
Breeding season: Collared mangabeys lack a well-defined breeding season.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Average gestation period: 170 days.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 5 to 7 years.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 5 to 7 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; year-round breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); viviparous
Average gestation period: 167 days.
Average number of offspring: 1.
Parental Investment: pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); extended period of juvenile learning
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Cercocebus torquatus
There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen. Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
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Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Cercocebus torquatus
Public Records: 1
Species: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
Red List Criteria
Version
Year Assessed
Assessor/s
Reviewer/s
Justification
History
- 1996Lower Risk/near threatened
- 1994Vulnerable(Groombridge 1994)
- 1990Vulnerable(IUCN 1990)
- 1988Vulnerable(IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)
- 1988Vulnerable
- 1986Vulnerable(IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1986)
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Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: vulnerable
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Status: Endangered
Date Listed: 10/19/1976
Lead Region: Foreign (Region 10)
Where Listed:
Population detail:
Population location: entire
Listing status: E
For most current information and documents related to the conservation status and management of Cercocebus torquatus , see its USFWS Species Profile
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Status
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Trends
Population
in Cameroon and Nigeria because of competition with drills Mandrillus leucophaeus. However, in other areas large troops of both mandrills Mandrillus sphinx (which are in a similar niche to drills) and of White-collared mangabeys have been recorded living sympatrically.
Population Trend
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Threats
Threats
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Threats
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Management
Conservation Actions
This species is present in a number of protected areas including: Okomu National Park, Cross River National Park (Nigeria); Douala-Edea Reserve, Campo-Ma'an National Park, Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, Dja Reserve and Korup National Park (Cameroon); Sette Cama Forest Reserve and Mayumba, Loango, Moukalaba-Doudou, and Pongara National Parks (Gabon); Conkouati-Douli National Park (Congo); and Monte Allen National Park in Equatorial Guinea.
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Conservation
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Economic Importance for Humans: Negative
Many natives allege the collar mangabeys raid plantations, causing severe damage to crops.
(Parker, 1990 and Hill, 1974)
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Wikipedia
Collared mangabey
The collared mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus), also known as the red-capped mangabey, or the white-collared mangabey[3] (leading to easy confusion with Cercocebus atys lunulatus), is a species of primate in the Cercopithecidae family of Old World monkeys. It formerly included the sooty mangabey as a subspecies. As presently defined, the collared mangabey is monotypic.[1]
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Physical description
The collared mangabey has grey fur covering its body, but its common names refer to the colours on its head and neck.[4] Its prominent chestnut-red cap gives it the name red-capped, and its white collar gives it the names collared and white-collared.[4] Its ears are black and it has striking white eyelids, which is why some refer to it as the "four-eyed monkey".[4] It has a dark grey tail that exceeds the length of the body and is often held with the white tip over its head.[4] It has long molars and very large incisors.[5] The average body mass for captive individuals ranges from 9 to 10 kg (20 to 22 lb) for males and 7.5 to 8.6 kg (17 to 19 lb) for females.[5] Head-body length is 47–67 cm (19–26 in) in males and 45–60 cm (18–24 in) in females.[4]
Habitat and distribution
The collared mangabey is found in coastal, swamp, mangrove, and valley forests, from western Nigeria, east and south into Cameroon, and throughout Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon, and on the Gabon-Congo border by the Atlantic shore.[2][4]
Behaviour
The collared mangabey lives in large groups of 10 to 35 individuals including several males.[6][4] Vocal communication in the form of cackles and barks are used to keep the group in contact and signal their position to other groups.[4] It has a diet of fruits and seeds, but also eats leaves, foliage, flowers, invertebrates, mushrooms, and gum.[6][5] The collared mangabey has no defined breeding season, it reaches sexual maturity at five to seven years, and has an average gestation period of 170 days.[6]
Conservation status
The collared mangabey is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Redlist due to habitat loss and hunting for bushmeat.[2] It is also listed on Appendix II of CITES and on Class B of the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources.[2]
References
- ^ a b Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. eds. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 154. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=12100433.
- ^ a b c d Oates, J. F., Gippoliti, S. & Groves, C. P. (2008). Cercocebus torquatus. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 4 January 2009.
- ^ Rowe, N. (1996). The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates. Pogonia Press, Charlestown, Rhode Island. ISBN 0-9648825-0-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Matthew Richardson (26 March 2009). "Red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus)". ARKive. http://www.arkive.org/red-capped-mangabey/cercocebus-torquatus/factsheet. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
- ^ a b c The Primata (17 June 2007). "White-collared Mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus)". The Primata. http://www.theprimata.com/cercocebus_torquatus.html. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
- ^ a b c Nguyen, Khoa Huu (1999). "Cercocebus torquatus". Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Cercocebus_torquatus.html. Retrieved 06 January 2012.
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