The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (October, 2008) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 2. Richardson, M. (2005) Pers. Comm.
• 3. CITES (January, 2004) http://www.cites.org
• 4. Macdonald, D. (2001) The New Encyclopedia of Mammals. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• 5. Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust (January, 2004) http://www.durrell.org/Animals/Mammals/Sulawesi-crested-black-macaque
• 6. Nowak, R.M. (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
• Assahad, G., C. Neumann, K. Hammerschmidt, D. Perwitasari-Farajallah, A. Engelhardt. 2008. Rank-dependent differences in loud call frequency and structure in Sulawesi Crested Black Macaques (Macaca nigra). Folia Primatologica, 79: 311.
• Baker, S., D. Estep. 1985. Kinship and affiliative behavior patterns in a captive group of Celebes black apes (Macaca nigra). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 99: 356-360.
• Bernstein, I., K. Bruce, L. Williams. 1982. The Influence of Male Presence or Absence on the Reproductive Cycle of Celebes Black Ape Females (Macaca nigra). Primates, 23(4): 587-591.
• Bernstein, I., S. Baker. 1988. Activity patterns in a captive group of Celebes black apes (Macaca nigra). Folia Primatologica, 51: 61-75.
• Bynum, E., A. Kohlhaas, A. Pramono. 1999. Conservation status of Sulawesi macaques. Tropical Biodiversity, 6: 123-144.
• Caldecott, J. 1986. Mating patterns, societies and the ecogeography of macaques. Animal Behavior, 34: 208-220.
• Cawthon Lang, K. 2006. "Primate Factsheets: Crested black macaque (Macaca nigra) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology" (On-line). Accessed April 23, 2011 at http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/crested_black_macaque.
• Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust. 2011. "Sulawesi crested black macaque" (On-line). Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust. Accessed April 26, 2011 at http://www.durrell.org/Animals/Mammals/Sulawesi-crested-black-macaque/.
• Engelhardt, A., D. Farajallah. 2008. Reproductive biology of Sulawesi crested black macaques (Macaca nigra). Folia Primatologica, 79: 326.
• Fooden, J. 1969. Taxonomy and Evolution of the Monkeys of Celebes. Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger.
• Groves, C. 2001. Primate Taxonomy. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Inst Pr.
• Hamada, Y., T. Oi, T. Watanabe. 1994. Macaca nigra on Bacan Island, Indonesia: its morphology, distribution and present habitat. International Journal of Primatology, 15(3): 487-493.
• Hamada, Y., T. Watanabe, O. Takenaka, B. Suryobroto, Y. Kawamoto. 1988. Morphological Studies on the Sulawesi Macaques. Primates, 29(1): 65-80.
• Howard, C., T. Fang, C. Southwick, J. Erwin, J. Sugardjito, J. Supriatna, A. Kohlhaas, N. Lerche. 1999. Islet Cell Antibodies in Sulawesi Macaques. American Journal of Primatology, 47(3): 223-229.
• Jones-Engel, L., G. Engel, M. Schillaci, K. Kyes, J. Froehlich, U. Paputungan, R. Kyes. 2004. Prevalence of Enteric Parasites in Pet Macaques in Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Primatology, 62(2): 71-82.
• Jones-Engel, L., M. Schillaci, G. Engel, U. Paputungan, J. Froehlich. 2005. Characterizing primate pet ownership in Sulawesi: implications for disease transmission. Pp. 196-221 in J Paterson, J Wallis, eds. Commensalism and conflict: the human-primate interface. Norman, OK: American Society of Primatologists.
• Kinnaird, M., T. O'Brien. 1999. A contextual analysis of the loud call of the Sulawesi black macaque, Macaca nigra. Tropical Biodiversity, 6: 37-42.
• Kyes, R., E. Iskander, U. Paputungan. 2000. Population survey of the Sulawesi black macaque at Tangkoko Nature Reserve. American Journal of Primatology, 51: 68.
• Laatung, S., R. Kyes, A. Mardiastuti, J. Onibala. 2006. Population survey of the Sulawesi black macaques at the Duasaudara Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Primatology, 68: 62-63.
• Matsumura, S. 2001. Yellow-billed malhokas (Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus) following moor macaques (Macaca maurus) in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 17: 619-623.
• Muroyama, Y., B. Thierry. 1998. Species differences of male loud calls and their perception in Sulawesi macaques. Primates, 39: 115-126.
• Neumann, C., G. Assahad, K. Hammerschmidt, D. Perwitasari-Parajallah, A. Engelhardt. 2010. Loud calls in male crested macaques, Macaca nigra: a signal of dominance in a tolerant species. Animal Behaviour, 79(1): 187-193.
• Nickelson, S., J. Lockard. 1978. Ethogram of Celebes Monkeys (Macaca nigra) in Two Captive Habitats. Primates, 19(3): 437-447.
• O'Brien, T., M. Kinnaird. 1997. Behavior, diet, and movements of the Sulawesi crested black macaque. International Journal of Primatology, 18: 321-351.
• Paulsen, D., R. Kyes, E. Sulistiawati, L. Rosmanah, J. Onibala, E. Iskander, S. Kelley. 2006. Survey of intestinal parasites in a population of Sulawesi black macaques at the Tangkoko Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Primatology, 68(S1): 109.
• Reed, C., T. O'Brien, M. Kinnaird. 1997. Male social behavior and dominance in the Sulawesi crested black macaque (Macaca nigra). International Journal of Primatology, 18: 247-260.
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Richard, A., S. Goldstein, R. Dewar. 1989. Weed macaques: evolutionary implications of macaque feeding ecology. International Journal of Primatology, 10: 569-594.
• Riley, E. 2007. The human-macaque interface: conservation implications of current and future overlap and conflict in Lore Lindu National Park, Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Anthropology, 109: 473-484.
• Riley, E. 2010. The endemic seven: Four decades of research on the Sulawesi macaques. Evolutionary Anthropology, 19(1): 22-36.
• Riley, E., N. Priston. 2010. Macaques in farms and folklore: exploring the human-nonhuman primate interface in Sulawesi, Indonesia. American Journal of Primatology, 71: 1-7.
• Rosenbaum, B., C. Southwick, J. Supriatna, Y. Muskita, A. Yunuar, R. Sinaga, R. Sapulette. 1998. A survey of population and habitat of the Sulawesi crested-black macaque (Macaca nigra) on Bacan Island, Maluku, Indonesia. Tropical Biodiversity, 5(2): 139-154.
• Rosenbaum, B., T. O'Brien, M. Kinnaird, J. Supriatna. 1998. Population densities of Sulawesi crested black macaques (Macaca nigra) on Bacan and Sulawesi, Indonesia: effects of habitat disturbance and hunting. American Journal of Primatology, 44: 89-106.
• Schulz, K. 2009. "Macaca nigra (Desmarest, 1822)" (On-line). Encyclopedia of Life. Accessed April 26, 2011 at http://www.eol.org/pages/323954.
• Soltis, J. 2004. Mating Systems. Pp. 135-154 in B Thierry, M Singh, W Kaumanns, eds. Macaque societies: a model for the study of social organization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Sugardjito, J., C. Southwick, J. Supriatna, A. Kohlaas, S. Baker, J. Erwin, J. Froehlich, N. Lerche. 1989. Population survey of macaques in northern Sulawesi. American Journal of Primatology, 18(4): 285-301.
• Supriatna, J., N. Andayani. 2008. "Macaca nigra" (On-line). In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. Accessed April 10, 2011 at http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/12556/0.
• Thierry, B. 2007. Unity in diversity: lessons from macaque societies. Evol Anthropol, 16: 224-238.
• Thierry, B., E. Bynum, S. Baker, M. Kinnaird, S. Matsumura, Y. Muroyama, T. O'Brien, O. Petit, K. Watanabe. 2000. The social repertoire of Sulawesi macaques. Primate Research, 16: 203-226.
• Thierry, B., M. Singh, W. Kaumanns. 2004. Macaque Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Thomson, J., D. Hess, K. Dahl, S. Iliff-Sizemore, R. Stouffer, D. Wolf. 1992. The Sulawesi Crested Black Macaque (Macaca nigra) Menstrual Cycle: Changes in Perineal Tumescence and Serum Estradiol, Progesterone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, and Luteinizing Hormone Levels. Biology of Reproduction, 46: 879-884.
• Type: Miller, G. S. 1931 Nov 11. Journal of Mammalogy. 12 (4): 413.
• Whitten, T., G. Henderson, M. Mustafa. 2002. The Ecology of Sulawesi. Jakarta: Periplus.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204