The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (January, 2009) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 10. The Belize Zoo (April, 2006) http://www.belizezoo.org/zoo/zoo/mammals/how/how1.html
• 2. Richardson, M. (2006) Living Primates of the World: an Illustrated Taxonomy. In press, Unknown.
• 2004. "Primate Info Net" (On-line). The Life Spans of Nonhuman Primates. Accessed May 08, 2007 at http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/aboutp/phys/lifespan.html.
• 2007. "Belize Zoo" (On-line). Black Howler Monkey: Alouatta pigra. Accessed May 03, 2007 at http://www.belizezoo.org/zoo/zoo/mammals/how/how1.html.
• 3. CITES (January, 2006) http://www.cites.org
• 4. Richardson, M. (2006) Pers. Comm.
• 5. American Zoo (April, 2006) http://www.americazoo.com/goto/index/mammals/95.htm
• 6. Primate Behaviour (April, 2006) http://members.tripod.com/uakari/alouatta_pigra.html
• 7. Treves, A. and Brandon, K. (2005) Tourism impacts on the behavior of black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) at Lamanai, Belize. In: Paterson, J.D. Ed. Commensalism and Conflict: The primate-human interface. University of Oklahoma, Tulsa. Available at http://www.coex-wildlife.org/publications.htm
• 8. Community Baboon Sanctuary (April, 2006) http://www.howlermonkeys.org/
• 9. Silver, S.C., Ostro, L.E.T., Yeager, C.P. and Horwich, R. (1998) Feeding Ecology of the Black Howler Monkey (Alouatta pigra) in Northern Belize. American Journal of Primatology, 45: 263 - 279. Available at http://www.communityconservation.org/publications/feedeco98.pdf
• Arriaga, L., Espinoza, J. M., Aguilar, C., Gómez, L. & Loa, E. 2000. Regiones Terrestres Prioritarias de México. 1-609. CONABIO. México.
• Crockett, C. & Eisenberg, J. F. 1987. Howlers: variations in group size and demography. 54-68. In: B. Smuts, D. Cheney, R. Seyfarth, R. Wrangham & T. T. Struhsaker (eds.). Primate Societies. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, E.U.A., 585 pp.
• Crockett, C., R. Rudran. 1987. Red howler monkey birth data I: seasonal variation.. American Journal of Primatology, 13: 347-368.
• Cuaron, A., P. de Grammont, L. Cortes-Ortiz, G. Wong, J. Silva. 2003. "2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species" (On-line). Alouatta pigra. Accessed May 08, 2007 at www.iucnredlist.org.
• Fleagle, J. 1999. Primate Adaptation and Evolution. London: Elsevier Academic Press.
• Gaumer, G. F. 1917. Monografía de los mamíferos de Yucatán. 1-331. Departamento de Talleres Gráficos de la Secretaria de Fomento. México.
• Hall, R. H. 1981. The Mammals of North America. 2:263. John Wiley and Sons. E.U.A.
• Hilton, T. C. 2000. 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. 1-79. IUCN. Glanz, Suiza.
• Horwich, R. 1983. Breeding behaviors in black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra) of Belize.. Primates, 24: 222-230.
• Horwich, R. 1983. Species Status of the Black Howler Monkey, Alouatta pigra, of Belize. Primates, 24: 288-289.
• Leopold, A. S. 1965. Fauna Silvestre de México. 1-600. Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables. México.
• Leopold, A. S. 1965. Fauna Silvestre de México. 374-379. Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables. México.
• López, W. R. & López, J. J. 1998. Los mamíferos de México depositados en colecciones de Estados Unidos y Canadá. 1:177. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa. México.
• Masera, O. R., Ordóñez, M. J. & Dirzo, R. 1997. Carbon emissions from Mexican forest: current situation and long-term scenarios. Climatic Change. 35:265-295. Kluwer Academic Publishers. E.U.A.
• Mendoza, E. & Dirzo, R. 1999. Deforestation in Lacandonia (southeast Mexico): evidence for the declaration of the northernmost tropical hot-spot. Biodiversity and Conservation. 8(12):1621-1641
• Nowak, R. M. 1999. Walker's Mammals of the World. 1:450-452. The John Hopkins University Press, E.U.A.
• Primate Info Net (Online source)
• Reid, F. A. 1997. A Field Guide to the Mammals of Central America and Southeast México. 179-180. Oxford University Press. E.U.A.
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Rodríguez, L. E., Cortés, O. L., Ellis, S. & MacCance, E. 1996. Taller de conservación, análisis y manejo planificado para primates mexicanos. Neotropical Primates. 4(2):113-118
• Rzedowski, J. 1986. Vegetación de México. Limusa. México, D.F., 432 pp.
• SEMARNAP. 1995. Reservas de la Biosfera y otras Areas naturales protegidas de México. 1-159. SEMARNAP/Instituto Nacional de Ecología/CONABIO. México, D.F.
• SEMARNAT. 6/ Marzo/2002. Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-ECOL-2001. Diario Oficial de la Federación. 1-81. México, D.F.
• Silva-López. G., Benítez, R. J. & Jiménez, H. J. 1993. Uso de hábitat por monos araña (Ateles geoffroyi) y aullador (Alouatta palliata) en áreas perturbadas. 421-435. En: R. A. Medellín & G. Ceballos (eds.). Avances en el estudio de los Mamíferos de México. Asociación Mexicana de Mastozoología, A. C. México, D.F., 464 pp.
• Van Bell, S. 2006. Studies of hormonal cycles, sexual behavior and the phenology of reproduction in howler and spider monkeys.. Accessed May 03, 2007 at http://www.primatesmx.com/fecalhormones.htm.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204
• Álvarez del Toro, M. 1977. Los mamíferos de Chiapas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chiapas. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas.