Overview
Brief Summary
Genus Abstract
There is a strong association between human civilizations and oaks, beginning at least 30,000 years before present (b.p.) in Europe and Asia, and 14,000 years b.p. in North America. Oaks have been a significant source of building materials as well as foodstocks for humans since prehistory, and remain a significant resource of many modern economies.
Oaks are usually divided into two subgenera: Quercus and Cyclobalanopsis; however, some taxonomies consider these two divisions are distinct genera. Taxa within Cyclobalnopsis occur in China and Southeast Asia and consist of about 150 different species.
Leaf blades present a leather-like or thin appearance, with margins entire, toothed or awn-toothed. Secondary veins are either unbranched or generally parallel, most of the time extending to margins. Leaf stipules are deciduous and inconspicuous. Terminal buds exhibit as spheric to ovoid, terete or angled, with all of the scales imbricate.
Inflorescences are unisexual, in the axils of leaves or bud scales, but normally clustered at base of new growth. Staminate inflorescences are lax, although pistillate inflorescences are typically rigid, with a terminal cupule and occasionally one or more sessile lateral cupules. Staminate flowers have connate sepals, with a circumferential tuft of silken hairs. Pistillate flowers manifest as one per cupule, with connate sepals. Fruits may mature in the first or second year. Acorn cups come in a variety of shapes (cup, saucer, bowl or goblet geometry), with no manifestation of valves; this cup (or cap) encases the nut base (only rarely the entire acorn); acorn caps are composed of scales that are imbricate or reduced to tubercles, but never hook-shaped.
Based on molecular genetics analysis, the genus Quercus is estimated to have separated from Castanea about 60 million years ago. Oaks first appear in the fossil record in North America during the Paleogene between 55 to 50 million years b.p. Most interspecific separations occurred within the Quercus species between 22 and three million years ago. During this period, oaks became the most dominant tree type in the Fagaceae family.
In mesic environments oaks are frequently canopy dominants, but in dry, rocky, high elevation or edaphically extreme settings, oaks are often shrub forms or even dwarfed. Edaphic extremes may include ultramafic soils, sandy barrens or inundated lands. The greatest concentrations of oaks are betweeen subtropical and middle-temperate climate regimes. Further north than this, conifer species typically become dominant; further south, oaks cannot successfully compete with taller trees of tropical rainforests with respect to sunlight, and in some cases due to intolerance to high rainfall combined with high temperatures.
- C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Oak. Eds. A.Dawson & C.J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Washington DC. http://www.eoearth.org/article/Oak
- Elisabeth S.Vrba. 1995. Paleoclimate and evolution, with emphasis on human origins. Yale University Press. 547 pages
Trusted
Distribution
-
Morales, J. F. 2010. Fagaceae. En: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. 5. B.E. Hammel, M.H. Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 119: 776–781.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100003921
Trusted
National Distribution
United States
Origin: Unknown/Undetermined
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
Trusted
Ecology
Associations
Known predators
Operophtera brumata
Tartrix
leaf feeders
Chrysobothris femorata
Agrilus
Xylotrechus colonus
Romaleum atomarium
Neoclytus scutellaris
Graphisurus fasciatus
Orthotomicus coelatus
fungi
Based on studies in:
England: Oxfordshire, Wytham Wood (Forest)
USA: North Carolina (Forest, Plant substrate)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
Trusted
Associations
crowded, hypophyllous, short-stalked apothecium of Allophylaria basalifusca is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf (around midrib) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, in groups of 5-20 perithecium of Amphiporthe leiphaemia is saprobic on recently dead, attached or fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-3
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, raising the periderm in pimples perithecium of Amphisphaeria bufonia is saprobic on dead, attached branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12-2
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, stromatic perithecium of Anthostomella dryophilum is saprobic on dead, fallen, rotten branch of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous, mostly immersed perithecium of Apiognomonia errabunda is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
subicular apothecium of Arachnopeziza aurelia is saprobic on fallen, dead debris of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-6
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate apothecium of Arachnopeziza eriobasis is saprobic on damp, fallen, dead leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 7-10
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / saprobe
synnema of Arthrobotryum dematiaceous anamorph of Arthrobotryum stilboideum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
Polymorphum anamorph stroma of Ascodichaena rugosa is saprobic on live bark (esp. base) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 4-7
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Bactrodesmium submoniliforme is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Bisporella fuscocincta is saprobic on sawn off trunk (cut surface) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic locule of coelomycetous anamorph of Botryosphaeria melanops is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-4
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent apothecium of Bulgaria inquinans is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / saprobe
clustered, below bark perithecium of Calosphaeria cyclospora is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
clustered, below bark perithecium of Calosphaeria dryina is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12-1
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, in groups of 4 to 12 perithecium of Calospora arausiaca is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Calycellina rivelinensis is saprobic on fallen, rotting Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 6-9
Foodplant / spot causer
concentric pycnidium of Camarosporium coelomycetous anamorph of Camarosporium oreades causes spots on fading leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 8-9
Plant / associate
adult of Campyloneura virgula is associated with Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 7-10
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, remaining partly immersed pseudothecium of Caryospora callicarpa is saprobic on decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
clustered, below bark perithecium of Caudospora taleola is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-10
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Thielaviopsis dematiaceous anamorph of Ceratocystis moniliformis is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
mycelium of Chlorociboria aeruginascens is saprobic on blue-green stained, rotting wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Chlorociboria aeruginosa is saprobic on blue-green stained, rotting log of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Ciboria batschiana is saprobic on old, fallen, mummified acorn of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / shot hole causer
infection of Ciborinia candolleana causes shot holes on live leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: summer (late)
Foodplant / saprobe
sclerotioid apothecium of Ciborinia hirtella is saprobic on buried leaf litter of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-6
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Clonostachys anamorph of Clonostachys compactiuscula is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
mostly epiphyllous conidioma of Leptothyrium coelomycetous anamorph of Coccomyces coronatus is saprobic on locally bleached, dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
embedded apothecium of Coccomyces dentatus is saprobic on locally bleached, dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11-4
Foodplant / pathogen
Colpoma quercinum infects and damages branch (small) of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Corynesporopsis quercicola is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
acervulus of Coryneum coelomycetous anamorph of Coryneum neesii is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
acervulus of Cryptocline coelomycetous anamorph of Cryptocline cinerascens is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
often crowded apothecium of Cudoniella acicularis is saprobic on old, rather hard stump of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-12
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph of Cylindrium aeruginosum is saprobic on recently fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Cylindrium anamorph of Cylindrium elongatum is saprobic on fallen, dead, decaying leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 7-4
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Dactylaria dematiaceous anamorph of Dactylaria chrysosperma is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Dactylaria dematiaceous anamorph of Dactylaria purpurella is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
long-stalked apothecium of Dasyscyphella crystallina is saprobic on dead leaf (petiole) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-4
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Haplographium dematiaceous anamorph of Dematioscypha dematiicola is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic perithecium of Diatrypella quercina is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-5
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Dictyochaeta dematiaceous anamorph of Dictyochaeta querna is saprobic on fallen, dead, decaying cupule of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 7-9
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Durella commutata is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-4
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Durella macrospora is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
sub-peridermal perithecium of Enchnoa infernalis is saprobic on dead branch (small) of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate apothecium of Eriopezia caesia is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / parasite
amphigenous conidial anamorph of Erysiphe alphitoides parasitises leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
thin, often poorly developed stroma of Euepixylon udum is saprobic on dead, usually very rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / parasite
erumpent conidioma of Fusicoccum coelomycetous anamorph of Fusicoccum noxium parasitises attached, live twig of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Gonatobotryum dematiaceous anamorph of Gonatobotryum fuscum is saprobic on wood block of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Gorgoniceps charnwoodensis is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
epiphyllous, in small groups perithecium of Guignardia punctoidea is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Haglundia elegantior is saprobic on old log (underside) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11-5
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Haglundia perelegans is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5-10
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Hyalopeziza pygmaea is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11-12
Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious apothecium of Hyaloscypha hyalina is saprobic on dead log of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious apothecium of Hyaloscypha quercicola is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile or subsessile apothecium of Hymenoscyphus epiphyllus is saprobic on dead, fallen litter of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus fructigenus is saprobic on dead, fallen cupule of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / saprobe
thick-stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus phyllophilus is saprobic on litter of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-10
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Hyponectria cookeana is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed, singly or in small groups perithecium of Hypospilina bifrons is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Incrucipulum ciliare is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 7-10
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Lachnum bicolor is saprobic on dead, fallen twig of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
short-stalked apothecium of Lachnum capitatum is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 6-8
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Lachnum niveum is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Lachnum patulum is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
long stalked apothecium of Lachnum virgineum is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 2-10
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous, embedded apothecium of Laetinaevia pustulata is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Lophodermium petiolicola is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf (main veins) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 6
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent through cracks in bark, clustered, sessile apothecium of Mollisia discolor is saprobic on dead, attached or fallen twig of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-8
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, sessile apothecium of Mollisia nervicola is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5-7
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous, sessile apothecium of Mollisia rabenhorstii is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 6-8
Foodplant / saprobe
amphigenous, sessile apothecium of Mollisia spectabilis is saprobic on dead, fallen, wet leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-11
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous, scattered, immersed then exposed by splitting of dark brown covering into 4 or 5 lobes apothecium of Naevala perexigua is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5-6
Foodplant / saprobe
thin, often poorly developed stroma of Nemania confluens is saprobic on dead, old, usually very rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, sessile or short-stalked apothecium of Niptera exsiliens is saprobic on dead, fallen twig of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12-2
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Paradendryphiopsis dematiaceous anamorph of Paradendryphiopsis cambrensis is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate perithecium of Persiciospora masonii is saprobic on wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 8
Foodplant / saprobe
Cryptosporiopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Pezicula cinnamomea is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous, sessile apothecium of Pezizella myriadea is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11
Foodplant / saprobe
amphigenous, subsessile apothecium of Phialina pseudopuberula is saprobic on dead, fallen, rotten leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-1
Foodplant / saprobe
linearly arranged pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Phomopsis glandicola is saprobic on fallen acorn of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
becoming erumpent through longitudinal slits pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Phomopsis quercella is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12
Foodplant / saprobe
conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph of Pilidium acerinum is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Pocillum cesatii is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed in groups of up to 15 perithecium of Pseudovalsa longipes is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 12-5
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed in groups of up to 15 perithecium of Pseudovalsa umbonata is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 1-8
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent conidioma of Acarosporium coelomycetous anamorph of Pycnopeziza pachyderma is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf (petiole) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 4-6
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or immersed perithecium of Rhamphoria pyriformis is saprobic on wet, rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11-4
Foodplant / saprobe
long-stalked apothecium of Rutstroemia firma is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-1
Foodplant / saprobe
usually long-stalked apothecium of Rutstroemia petiolorum is saprobic on old, dead, fallen leaf (petiole) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-11
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Rutstroemia sydowiana is saprobic on old, dead, fallen leaf (petiole) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 8-12
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic perithecium of Sarawakus britannicus is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or with base immersed perithecium of Scopinella caulincola is saprobic on fallen cupule (inside) of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 8
Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous, brown pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph of Septoria quercicola causes spots on leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
epiphyllous, clustered pseudothecium of Sphaerulina myriadea is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5-6
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial apothecium of Stictis friabilis is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 6-9
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial apothecium of Strossmayeria basitricha is saprobic on dead, decorticate wood of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Taeniolella dematiaceous anamorph of Taeniolella pulvillus is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous ascoma of Taphrina caerulescens causes spots on live, blistered leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent apothecium of Triblidium caliciforme is saprobic on bark of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Trichodiscus diversipilus is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 10-11
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Tricladium anamorph of Tricladium castaneicola is saprobic on dead cupule of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph of Valsa ceratosperma is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 11-3
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious, pustular, erumpent, plurilocular stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph of Valsa intermedia is saprobic on dead twig (thin) of Quercus (native spp)
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Vibrissea flavovirens is saprobic on fallen, stream-side trunk of Quercus (native spp)
Remarks: season: 5-6
Trusted
Associations
Abdera biflexuosa is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Abdera quadrifasciata is associated with Quercus
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / internal feeder
Acalles ptinoides feeds within dead twig? of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Plant / associate
imago of Acalles roboris is associated with dead, fallen leaf of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale sucks sap of leaf of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Acrogenospora anamorph of Acrogenospora sphaerocephala is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Actinocladium anamorph of Actinocladium rhodosporum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
Aderus oculatus is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Aderus populneus is associated with Quercus
Plant / resting place / on
Aeolothrips melaleucus may be found on Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Agrilus angustulus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Agrilus biguttatus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Agrilus laticornis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Agrilus viridis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Agrocybe cylindracea parasitises branch of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / epiphyte
fruitbody of Aleurodiscus wakefieldiae grows on recently fallen branch of Quercus
Plant / hibernates / within
naked prepupa of Allantus togatus hibernates inside bark of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph of Alysidium resinae is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita argentea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita battarrae is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita ceciliae is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita citrina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita excelsa var. spissa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita franchetii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita fulva is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita gemmata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita lividopallescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita pantherina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita phalloides is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita porphyria is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita rubescens var. annulosulphurea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita rubescens var. rubescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita simulans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita spadicea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita vaginata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Amanita virosa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus balteatus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus cardinalis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus cinnabarinus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus elongantulus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus nigerrimus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus quercicola feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ampedus rufipennis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Amphisphaeria millepunctata is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Anavirga dematiaceous anamorph of Anavirga laxa is saprobic on rotting leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / nest
female of Andrena ferox provisions nest with pollen of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus albopunctatus causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus callidoma causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus corruptrix causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Andricus curvator causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus fecundator causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Remarks: season: 6-8/9
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus glanduli causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus inflator causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus kollari causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Andricus lignicola causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus ostreus causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus quadrilineatus causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus quercuscorticis causes gall of live, esp wounded bark of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus quercusradicis causes gall of live root of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus quercusramuli causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus seminationis causes gall of live catkin (male) of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Andricus solitarius causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Andricus testaceipes causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Plant / associate
adult of Aneurus avenius is associated with dead twig of Quercus
Plant / resting place / under
nymph of Aneurus laevis may be found under bark of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Anitys rubens feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Anoplodera sexguttata feeds within dead wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / epiphyte
fruitbody of Antrodia albida grows on small, decorticated, fallen branch of Quercus
Plant / epiphyte
fruitbody of Antrodia xantha grows on stump of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Plant / epiphyte
fruitbody of Antrodiella onychoides grows on decayed wood of Quercus
Plant / hibernates / on
ovum of Apethymus abdominalis overwinters on Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Plant / hibernates / on
ovum of Apethymus braccatus overwinters on Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / pathogen
acervulus of Discula coelomycetous anamorph of Apiognomonia errabunda infects and damages live twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-9
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, clypeate perithecium of Apiosporopsis carpinea is saprobic on overwintered, dead leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate perithecium of Arachnocrea stipata is saprobic on debris of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-1
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate, sessile apothecium of Arachnopeziza aurata is saprobic on bark (inside) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-7
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
adult of Aradus depressus is associated with stump of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Arge rustica grazes on leaf of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / pathogen
Armillaria mellea s.l. infects and damages Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Armillaria tabescens is saprobic on dead root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
clustered Coryne anamorph of Ascocoryne sarcoides is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
Asterolecanium quercicola causes gall of live Quercus
Foodplant / gall
Asterolecanium variolosum causes gall of live stem of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Asterostroma laxum is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Athelia salicum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / roller
larva of Attelabus nitens rolls leaf of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Aurantiporus fissilis is saprobic on large, dead, standing trunk of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Aureoboletus gentilis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Auricularia mesenterica is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Bactrodesmium abruptum is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Bactrodesmium hebridense is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Bactrodesmium obovatum is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered sporodochium of Bactrodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Bactrodesmium pallidum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Basidiodendron rimosum is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Basidioradulum radula is saprobic on old, dead, fallen trunk of Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Battarrea phalloides is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / gall
Biorhiza pallida causes gall of live root of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Bispora dematiaceous anamorph of Bispora antennata is saprobic on wood (chips) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
punctiform or effuse colony of Bispora dematiaceous anamorph of Bispora betulina is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent apothecium of Bisporella citrina is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-12
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Bisporella sulfurina is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-2
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Bjerkandera fumosa is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Blera fallax is saprobic on rot hole of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Bolbitius reticulatus is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus aereus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus appendiculatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus armeniacus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus calopus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus cisalpinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus fechtneri is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus fragrans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus immutatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus impolitus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus legaliae is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus luridiformis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus luridiformis var. discolor is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus luridiformis var. luridiformis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus luridus var. luridus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus moravicus is ectomycorrhizal with live, sunny root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus porosporus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus pruinatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus pseudoregius is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus pseudosulphureus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus pulverulentus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus queletii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus radicans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus regius is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus reticulatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus rhodopurpureus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus ripariellus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus rubellus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus satanas is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus torosus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Boletus xanthocyaneus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph of Botryobasidium aureum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Alysidium anamorph of Botryobasidium candicans is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Acladium anamorph of Botryobasidium conspersum is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
sclerotium of Botryotinia fuckeliana is saprobic on debris of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Brachygonus ruficeps feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Brachyopa bicolor is saprobic on sap run of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Brachyopa insensilis is saprobic on sap run of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Brachyopa pilosa is saprobic on under bark of recent stump of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Brachypalpus laphriformis is associated with rot hole of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium bloxamii is saprobic on rotten bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium britannicum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium dingleyae is saprobic on dead, rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-9
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium masonii is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium nigrum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Brachysporium obovatum is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Byssocorticium efibulatum is saprobic on decayed, fallen wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Byssomerulius corium is saprobic on fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Cacumisporium dematiaceous anamorph of Cacumisporium capitulatum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Calambus bipustulatus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Caliroa annulipes grazes on leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / open feeder
epiphyllous larva of Caliroa cerasi grazes on leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 6-9
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Caliroa cinxia grazes on leaf of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Caliroa varipes grazes on leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Callirhytis bella causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Calocera pallidospathulata is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Calocera viscosa is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Calocybe ionides is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Calosoma inquisitor is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, subsessile apothecium of Calycellina populina is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-3
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed, multi-level perithecium of Camarops lutea is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-4
Fungus / saprobe
pycnidium of Camarosporium coelomycetous anamorph of Camarosporium propinquum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph of Camposporium cambrense is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Camposporium dematiaceous anamorph of Camposporium pellucidum is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Campsosporium anamorph of Campsosporium cambrense is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Campylomma verbasci sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Candelabrum anamorph of Candelabrum spinulosum is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Plant / associate
basidiome of Cantharellus amethysteus is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
basidiome of Cantharellus cibarius is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
basidiome of Cantharellus ferruginascens is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
basidiome of Cantharellus melanoxeros is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
basidiome of Cantharellus tubaeformis is associated with Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
solitary or in small groups, erumpent bcoming more or less superficial ascocarp of Capronia pleiospora is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious, superficial cleistothecium of Cephalotheca sulfurea is saprobic on rotting bark of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceraceomyces sublaevis is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Cerambyx cerdo feeds within wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceratosebacina longispora is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Cercophora caudata is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-3
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceriporia metamorphosa is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceriporia viridans is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceriporiopsis aneirina is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceriporiopsis gilvescens is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Ceriporiopsis pannocincta is saprobic on decayed, soft white-rotted wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
Cerylon fagi is associated with under bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
Cerylon ferrugineum is associated with under bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
Cerylon histeroides is associated with under bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
subiculate perithecium of Chaetosphaerella phaeostroma is associated with fungus infected, fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
Codinaea anamorph of Chaetosphaeria callimorpha is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-5
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph of Chaetosphaeria cupulifera is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 12-6
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Catenularia dematiaceous anamorph of Chaetosphaeria innumera is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
perithecium of Chaetosphaeria myriocarpa is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph of Chaetosphaeria pulviscula is saprobic on dead, often rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph of Chalara affinis is saprobic on fallen, rotting leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-7
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph of Chalara aurea is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph of Chalara inflatipes is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
shortly-stalked apothecium of Chlorencoelia versiformis is saprobic on rotting wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-11
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chloridium anamorph of Chloridium lignicola is saprobic on dead Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chloridium anamorph of Chloridium virescens var. virescens is saprobic on dead Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
plumose or isarioid groups of synnemata of Chromelosporium anamorph of Chromelosporium carneum is saprobic on rotting leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
Chytridium xilophilum is saprobic on dead, very old twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
punctiform colony of Cirrenalia dematiaceous anamorph of Cirrenalia lignicola is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Cladosporium britannicum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitocybe alexandri is saprobic on dead, rotting litter of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitocybe ditopa is saprobic on dead, rotting litter of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitocybe geotropa is saprobic on dead, rotting litter of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitocybe odora is saprobic on dead, rotting litter of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitocybe vibecina is saprobic on dead, rotting litter of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitopilus hobsonii is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Clitopilus pinsitus is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, single or paired, beneath clypeus perithecium of Clypeosphaeria mamillana is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: (1)2-3
Plant / associate
Coeliodes dryados is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Coeliodes erythroleucos is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Coeliodes ruber is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Collybia distorta is saprobic on decaying litter of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / pathogen
fruitbody of Collybia fusipes infects and damages live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza
fruitbody of Coltricia perennis is mycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed or partly immersed pycnidium of Coniella coelomycetous anamorph of Coniella castaneicola is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial perithecium of Coniochaeta ligniaria is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-4
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or partly immerse perithecium of Coniochaeta pulveracea is saprobic on decorticate wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-3
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or partly immerse perithecium of Coniochaeta velutina is saprobic on fallen, dead Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Coniophora arida is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Coniophora olivacea is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Cordana dematiaceous anamorph of Cordana pauciseptata is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Coriolopsis gallica is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chalara dematiaceous anamorph of Cornuvesica falcata is saprobic on cut stump of Quercus
Plant / associate
Corticeus unicolor is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
resupinate, gelatinous fruitbody of Corticium quercicola is associated with wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-5
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius alboviolaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius anthracinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius arvinaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius aureomarginatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius balaustinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius balteatocumatilis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius basililaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius basiroseus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius biformis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius bolaris is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius bulliardii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius cinnabarinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius cinnamomeus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius croceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius danicus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius decipiens var. decipiens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius delibutus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius fulvo-ochrascens var. cyanophyllus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius galeobdolon is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius gracilior is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius hinnuleus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius infractus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius largus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius lucorum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius magicus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius ochroleucus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius olivaceofuscus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius orellanus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius phaeophyllus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius praestans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius purpurascens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius raphanoides is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius rubicundulus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius rufo-olivaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius safranopes is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius semisanguineus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius spadicellus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius spilomeus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius stillatitius is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius subbalaustinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius tabularis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius torvus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius triumphans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius trivialis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius variiformis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius vernus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: season: spring
Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius violaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius vulpinus ssp. vulpinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius xanthophyllus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Cortinarius zosteroides is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
Cossonus parallelepipedus feeds within dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
caterpillar of Cossus cossus feeds within live trunk of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Costantinella dematiaceous anamorph of Costantinella terrestris is saprobic on fallen twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Crepidotus applanatus var. applanatus is saprobic on decayed log of Quercus
Foodplant / parasite
hypophyllous uredium of Cronartium quercuum parasitises live leaf (sucker shoot) of Quercus
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus bipunctatus may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-late 8
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Cryptocephalus labiatus grazes on live leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-11
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus parvulus may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-9
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus primarius may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-6
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus punctiger may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-8
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus pusillus may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-10
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus querceti may be found on branch (lower) of old of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-8
Other: major host/prey
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-7
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Cryptocoryneum dematiaceous anamorph of Cryptocoryneum condensatum is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
Curculio glandium is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Curculio pyrrhoceras is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Curculio venosus is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Curculio villosus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
adult of Cyllecoris histrionius feeds on acorn (very young) of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Cynips agama causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Cynips disticha causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Cynips divisa causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Cynips longiventris causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
agamic larva of Cynips quercusfolii causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / endophyte
Cystodendron anamorph of Cystodendron dryophilus endophyte within live Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
densely scattered, covered then erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph of Cytospora ceratophora is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
small, punctiform, globose, unilocular stroma of Cytosporina coelomycetous anamorph of Cytosporina milliaria is saprobic on branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Dacrymyces enatus is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Dacrymyces minor is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Dactylosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Dactylosporium macropus is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
bracket of Daedalea quercina is saprobic on hard, barely decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
bracket of Daedaleopsis confragosa is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed perithecium of Diatrype stigma is saprobic on dead, decorticate or with bark rolling back branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, clustered, stromatic perithecium of Diatrypella favacea is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-311-3
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Dichomitus campestris is saprobic on dead, white-rotten, attached branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Dictyosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Dictyosporium toruloides is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Digitodesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Digitodesmium elegans is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva (1st year) of Dinoptera collaris feeds within wood (under bark) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Diplocarpa bloxamii is saprobic on rotting log (underside) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-9
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Diplococcium dematiaceous anamorph of Diplococcium spicatum is saprobic on dead, often rotting wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered or in small groups pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph of Diplodiella fibricola is saprobic on wood chip of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-11
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Diplomitoporus lindbladii is saprobic on fallen, dead log (large) of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
amphigenous conidioma of Discosia coelomycetous anamorph of Discosia artocreas is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-4
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, becoming slightly erumpent through small slits pseudothecia of Discosphaerina fagi is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Ditiola peziziformis is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
imago of Dorytomus affinis is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Dryocoetinus villosus feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
nymph of Dryophilocoris flavoquadrimaculatus feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Dryophthorus corticalis feeds within dead, rotten wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial or partly immersed apothecium of Durella atrocyanea is saprobic on mainly decorticate branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 12-2
Foodplant / saprobe
resupinate fruitbody of Eichleriella deglubens is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza
fruitbody of Elaphomyces granulatus is mycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Endophragmiella biseptata is saprobic on fallen twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiacous anamorph of Endophragmiella corticola is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Endophragmiella fallacia is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Endophragmiella ovoidea is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Endophragmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Endophragmiella pallescens is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed perithecium of Endoxyla cirrhosa is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: good condition: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Entoloma euchroum is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Entoloma pulvereum is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Entoloma sinuatum is associated with Quercus
Remarks: season: autumn (spring)
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Entoloma viridans is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ernoporus fagi feeds within cambium of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / open feeder
caterpillar of Euproctis similis grazes on live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic, immersed perithecium of Eutypa flavovirens is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Exidia glandulosa is saprobic on dead, fallen wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Exidia nucleata is saprobic on dead, fallen, usually decorticate wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Exidiopsis effusa is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Exidiopsis opalea is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / resting place / within
puparium of Fannia postica may be found in rotten stump of Quercus
Foodplant / debris feeder
larva of Fannia umbrosa feeds on leaf-litter, detritus Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Acrogenospora dematiaceous anamorph of Farlowiella carmichaeliana is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-4
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent stroma of Fenestella fenestrata is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Ferdinandea is saprobic on sap run of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Ferdinandea cuprea is associated with Cossus-infested sap run of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Fibriciellum silvae-ryae is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Fistulina hepatica is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
cleistothecium of Fragosphaeria reniformis is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Fusidium anamorph of Fusidium griseum is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-1
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Galzinia forcipata is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Ganoderma applanatum parasitises live trunk of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Ganoderma lucidum is saprobic on dead stump of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Ganoderma pfeifferi is saprobic on dead, white-rotted trunk (esp. base) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Ganoderma resinaceum parasitises live trunk of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Gastrallus immarginatus feeds within wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Geastrum coronatum is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Geastrum lageniforme is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Geastrum quadrifidum is associated with Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Gloeoporus dichrous is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
hysterothecium of Gloniopsis praelonga is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed or erumpent perithecium of Gnomonia alni-viridis is saprobic on litter (leaf) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-6
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Gnorimus variabilis feeds within wood mould of stump of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
Gonocerus acuteangulatus sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Grammoptera abdominalis feeds within rotten, fungus-infested branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Grammoptera ustulata feeds within rotten, fungus infested branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Graphium dematiaceous anamorph of Graphium calicioides is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Grifola frondosa parasitises live root of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Gymnopilus junonius is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Gymnopilus penetrans is saprobic on decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Gyroporus castaneus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Gyroporus cyanescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Hadrobregmus denticollis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hapalopilus nidulans is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Haplariopsis dematiaceous anamorph of Haplariopsis fagicola is saprobic on dead cupule of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-11
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / resting place / on
larva of Haplothrips subtilissimus may be found on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-9
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Harpiphorus lepidus grazes on leaf (upper side) of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph (early instars) of Harpocera thoracica sucks sap of bud of Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Hebeloma pallidoluctuosum is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fertile colony of Helicodendron anamorph of Helicodendron giganteum is saprobic on dead, recently exposed leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
Infundibura conidial anamorph of Helicogloea angustispora is saprobic on dead, fallen, immersed, decayed leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Helminthosporium velutinum is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hemimycena cephalotricha is saprobic on mossy, dead, fallen, decayed trunk of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hemimycena mauretanica is saprobic on decayed debris (woody) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Henicospora dematiaceous anamorph of Henicospora minor is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Hericium erinaceus parasitises live trunk of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / pathogen
fruitbody of Heterobasidion annosum infects and damages live root of Quercus
Plant / associate
effuse colony of Heteroconium anamorph of Heteroconium tetracoilum is associated with damp, rotten branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hohenbuehelia atrocaerulea is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hohenbuehelia unguicularis is saprobic on dead, decayed, fallen twig of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Hyalopeziza ciliata is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-1
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Clathrosphaerina anamorph of Hyaloscypha zalewskii is saprobic on rotting leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hydnellum concrescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hydnellum scrobiculatum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hydnellum spongiosipes is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Hydnum repandum is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hydropus floccipes is saprobic on large, fallen, moss-covered, decayed trunk of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hygrophorus cossus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hygrophorus discoxanthus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hygrophorus eburneus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hygrophorus mesotephrus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Hygrophorus persoonii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
Hylecoetus dermestoides is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hymenochaete rubiginosa is saprobic on dead, large, hard, decorticate log of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
hypogeous fruitbody of Hymenogaster arenarius is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
hypogeous fruitbody of Hymenogaster hessei is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
epigeous or hypogeous fruitbody of Hymenogaster olivaceus is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
hypogeous fruitbody of Hymenogaster vulgaris is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Hymenoscyphus albopunctus is saprobic on rotting leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-11
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus caudatus is saprobic on decaying petiole of Quercus
Remarks: season: 6-12
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent, short-stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus immutabilis is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-12
Foodplant / saprobe
short-stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus laetus is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-3
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Hymenoscyphus phyllogenus is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-11
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Hymenoscyphus vernus is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-9
Plant / associate
Hypebaeus flavipes is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hyphodontia crustosa is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hyphodontia quercina is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hyphodontia subalutacea is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hypholoma lateritium is saprobic on old, dead, decayed stump (large) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Hypholoma xanthocephalum is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hypochnicium bombycinum is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hypochnicium erikssonii is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Hypochnicium vellereum is saprobic on dead, attached, decayed bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: mainly winter
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Trichoderma dematiaceous anamorph of Hypocrea rufa is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial stroma of Hypocrea schweinitzii is saprobic on very rotten trunk of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / saprobe
stroma of Hypoxylon cohaerens var. microsporum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
stroma of Hypoxylon fragiforme is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
Geniculosporium anamorph of Hypoxylon howeanum is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-4
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
stroma of Hypoxylon multiforme is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Plant / associate
larva of Hypulus quercinus is associated with red rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
hysterothecium of Hysterium angustatum is saprobic on dead, decorticate branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
scattered or gregarious, inconspicuous, more or less superficial hysterothecium of Hysterium pulicare is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe adaequata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe bongardii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe calamistrata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe corydalina var. corydalina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe erinaceomorpha is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe fraudans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe furfurea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe muricellata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe oblectabilis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe praetervisa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe proximella is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe rimosa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Inocybe squamata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Inonotus cuticularis is saprobic on live trunk of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Inonotus hispidus is saprobic on dead trunk of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Inonotus radiatus is saprobic on dead, standing trunk of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Ischnodes sanguinicollis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Janus femoratus feeds within twig of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Junghuhnia nitida is saprobic on decayed, dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Dendryphiopsis dematiaceous anamorph of Kirschsteiniothelia aethiops is saprobic on decorticate branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 12-4
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Labidostomis tridentata may be found on live leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-7
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Laccaria amethystina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
short-stalked apothecium of Lachnum cerinum is saprobic on usually decorticate wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-9
Foodplant / saprobe
somewhat short-stalked apothecium of Lachnum corticale is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-12
Foodplant / saprobe
long slender stalked apothecium of Lachnum pygmaeum is saprobic on fallen twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-10
Foodplant / saprobe
long stalked apothecium of Lachnum virgineum is saprobic on dead debris of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-10
Foodplant / sap sucker
Lachnus sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
Lachnus roboris sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Lacon querceus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius acerrimus is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius acris is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius azonites is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius bertillonii is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius camphoratus is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius chrysorrheus is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius citriolens is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius decipiens is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius evosmus is ectomycorrhizal with root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius flavidus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius flexuosus var. flexuosus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius flexuosus var. roseozonatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius fluens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius glaucescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius hyphoinflatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius lacunarum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius mairei is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius pallidus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius piperatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius pterosporus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius quietus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius romagnesii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius rubrocinctus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius ruginosus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius serifluus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius subdulcis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius subumbonatus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius tabidus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius uvidus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius vellereus var. vellereus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius violascens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius volemus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Lactarius zonarius is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Laetiporus sulphureus is saprobic on trunk of old tree of Quercus
Remarks: season: early summer to autumn
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial perithecium of Lasiosphaeria canescens is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-6
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, gregarious perithecium of Lasiosphaeria caudata is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 7-8
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial perithecium of Lasiosphaeria hirsuta is saprobic on old wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial perithecium of Lasiosphaeria ovina is saprobic on Armillaria mellea-decayed wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, closely packed in large clusters perithecium of Lasiosphaeria spermoides is saprobic on rotting wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-4
Plant / resting place / within
nest of Lasius brunneus may be found in old tree of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
Laxitextum bicolor is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial apothecium of Lecanidion atratum is saprobic on decorticate wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Leccinum atrostipitatum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Leccinum aurantiacum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Leccinum crocipodium is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Leccinum pseudoscabrum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Leiopus nebulosus s.l. feeds within dead sapwood (outer) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Lenzites betulinus is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
Leptodontium anamorph of Leptodontidium elatius is saprobic on Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Leptura aurulenta feeds within dead wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Leucocoprinus brebissonii is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Leucogyrophana romellii is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
thyriothecium of Lichenopeltella nigroannulata is saprobic on overwintered, dead leaf of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed pseudothecium of Lophiostoma nucula is saprobic on wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-7
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Lucanus cervus feeds within dead or rotten wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Lycoperdon atropurpureum is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Lycoperdon echinatum is associated with Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Lycoperdon mammiforme is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
Lymexylon navale is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Lyophyllum gangraenosum is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / gall
larva of Macrodiplosis dryobia causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
larva of Macrodiplosis volvens causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Magdalis cerasi feeds within dead branch (small) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Marasmius androsaceus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Marasmius bulliardii is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: - late autumn
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Marasmius torquescens is saprobic on debris of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Mariannaea anamorph of Mariannaea elegans is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
Massariothea coelomycetous anamorph of Massariothea scotica is saprobic on dead Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Megacollybia platyphylla is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / resting place / among
male micropter of Megathrips lativentris may be found among leaf of litter of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-9
Plant / associate
Melandrya barbata is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Melandrya caraboides is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Melangyna cincta is associated with aphid-infested Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph of Melanochaeta aotearoae is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
epigeous fruitbody of Melanogaster ambiguus is saprobic on Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
pycnidium of Aposphaeria coelomycetous anamorph of Melanomma fuscidulum is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, often in very large clusters pseudothecium of Melanomma pulvis-pyrius is saprobic on dry, hard, decorticate branch wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Gonytrichum dematiaceous anamorph of Melanopsammella inaequalis is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Chloridium dematiaceous anamorph of Melanopsammella preussii is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-5
Foodplant / saprobe
Chloridium dematiaceous anamorph of Melanopsammella vermicularioides is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Meliscaeva cinctella is associated with aphid-infested Quercus
Plant / resting place / on
swarming adult of Melolontha melolontha may be found on canopy of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-6
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Menispora dematiaceous anamorph of Menispora ciliata is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Meripilus giganteus is saprobic on dead trunk (large) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
cyphelloid basidiocarp of Merismodes anomala is saprobic on twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-2
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Merismodes ferruginea is associated with mossy, live bark (branch) of Quercus
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Mesoneura opaca grazes on leaf of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Mesosa nebulosa feeds within rotten wood (branch) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Micromphale brassicolens var. brassicolens is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch of Quercus
Plant / associate
Microrhagus pygmaeus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / spot causer
hypophyllous acervulus of Microstroma coelomycetous anamorph of Microstroma album causes spots on live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial mycelium of Microthyrium ciliatum var. hederae is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Mirandina dematiaceous anamorph of Mirandina arnaudii is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-12
Foodplant / saprobe
Moeszia anamorph of Moeszia cylindrioides is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile, densely clustered, erumpent apothecium of Mollisia caespiticia is saprobic on dead, corticate branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisia cinerea is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisia ligni is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
sessile apothecium of Mollisina rubi is saprobic on litter (leaf) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph of Monodictys castaneae is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Monodictys dematiaceous anamorph of Monodictys lepraria is saprobic on dead, dry, decorticate branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mucronella calva is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena adonis var. coccinea is saprobic on dead, decayed, fallen twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena amicta is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed litter of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena capillaris is saprobic on dead, decayed, drifted leaf of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena cinerella is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena dasypus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena diosma is saprobic on dead, decayed, fallen leaf of litter of Quercus
Remarks: season: late autumn to early winter
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena haematopus is saprobic on dead stump of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
clustered fruitbody of Mycena inclinata is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena maculata is saprobic on dead, decaying stump of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena picta is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of debris of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena polyadelpha is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena polygramma is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycena rosea is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying leaf of litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
toadstool of Mycena smithiana is saprobic on dead, fallen, decaying leaf of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
toadstool of Mycena venustula is saprobic on living, moss-covered bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
Mycetochara humeralis is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycoaciella bispora is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Mycocalia sphagneti is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Myolepta luteola is associated with rot hole of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
Myzocallis castinicola sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
erumpent stroma of Nectria coccinea is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Plant / associate
perithecium of Nectria episphaeria is associated with pyrenomycete infection Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / saprobe
synnema of Fusarium anamorph of Nectria flavoviridis is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-5
Plant / associate
stromatic Dendrodochium anamorph of Nectria magnusiana is associated with fungus infected Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-4
Foodplant / saprobe
perithecium of Nectria mammoidea var. mammoidea is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
stromatic perithecium of Nectria pallidula is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-1
Foodplant / saprobe
partly immersed, weakly stromatic perithecium of Nemania confluens is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-4
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Nemania serpens is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
becoming superficial perithecium of Neopeckia fulcita is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Neuroterus albipes causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Neuroterus aprilinus causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
hypophyllous, solitary agamic larva of Neuroterus numismalis causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Neuroterus quercusbaccarum causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Neuroterus tricolor causes gall of live leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / roller
larva of Neurotoma mandibularis rolls leaf of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
hypophyllous apothecium of Niptera muelleri-argoviensis is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-10
Foodplant / saprobe
Oidiodendron dematiaceous anamorph of Oidiodendron rhodogenum is saprobic on rotten, decorticate wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Omphalotus illudens is saprobic on dead, decayed, fallen trunk of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Orbilia vinosa is saprobic on wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Orbilia xanthostigma is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Orsodacne cerasi feeds on shoot (apical) of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / sap sucker
Orthotylus nassatus sucks sap of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
Orthotylus prasinus is associated with Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
nymph of Orthotylus tenellus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Oudemansiella mucida is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / resting place / on
adult of Oulema obscura may be found on Quercus
Remarks: season: 7-
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Oxyporus latemarginatus is saprobic on dead, fallen usually decayed, white rotten trunk (large) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Oxyporus obducens is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Pachnocybe anamorph of Pachnocybe albida is saprobic on rotting log of Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Pachytodes cerambyciformis feeds on exposed root of fallen of Quercus
Foodplant / roller
larva of Pamphilius sylvarum rolls leaf of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
imbricate or clustered fruitbody of Panellus serotinus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) of Quercus
Remarks: season: mainly late 11-2
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Panellus stipticus is saprobic on live trunk (wounded) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Panus conchatus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) of Quercus
Plant / associate
Paromalus flavicornis is associated with under bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, gregarious, sessile apothecium of Parorbiliopsis minuta is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10
Foodplant / saprobe
subiculate apothecium of Patinellaria sanguinea is saprobic on decorticate wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Paxillus involutus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Pedostrangalia revestita feeds within dead, red-rotten wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pellidiscus pallidus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Peniophora quercina is saprobic on dead, attached branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
Pentatoma rufipes sucks sap of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Perenniporia fraxinea parasitises live trunk (base) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
Periconia dematiaceous anamorph of Periconia cambrensis is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-4
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked apothecium of Pezizella parilis is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: (5)9-11(1)
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Pezizella rubescens is saprobic on dead, fallen leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-12
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Phaeohelotium italicum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-11
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Phaeohelotium nobile is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-10
Foodplant / pathogen
fruitbody of Phaeolus schweinitzii infects and damages live root of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph of Phaeostalagmus cyclosporus is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Phaeostalagmus dematiaceous anamorph of Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Phaeotrichosphaeria dematiaceous anamorph of Phaeotrichosphaeria britannica is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Foodplant / open feeder
caterpillar of Phalera bucephala grazes on live leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-9
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phanerochaete sordida is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phellinus cavicola is saprobic on dead, hollow stump (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phellinus ferruginosus is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
bracket of Phellinus robustus parasitises live trunk (base) of veteran of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
bracket of Phellinus wahlbergii is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Phellodon confluens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Phellodon melaleucus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Phellodon niger is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Phialina lachnobrachya is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phlebia rufa is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phlebiella pseudotsugae is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Phlebiopsis ravenelii is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
stalked, clustered basidiocarp of Phleogena faginea is saprobic on dead, standing trunk of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-2
Foodplant / internal feeder
Phloeophagus lignarius feeds within dead, esp hollow wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
Phloiotrya vaudoueri is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pholiota alnicola var. alnicola is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pholiota aurivella is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Pholiota mixta is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pholiota populnea is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: autumn
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pholiota tuberculosa is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk of Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Phyllobius argentatus feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Phyllobius glaucus feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Phyllobius pyri feeds on Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Phylloporus pelletieri is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
hypophyllous Phylloxera glabra sucks sap of live leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: summer
Plant / associate
nymph of Phylus melanocephalus is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
nymph of Phylus pallipes is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Phymatodes testaceus feeds within dead wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / miner
larva of Phytobia mallochi mines live cambium of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
conidioma of Pilidium coelomycetous anamorph of Pilidium acerinum is saprobic on fallen, dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Piloderma bicolor is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed litter of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Piptoporus quercinus parasitises live, white-rotted trunk of Quercus
Other: sole host/prey
major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Platypus cylindrus feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Platystomos albinus feeds within decaying wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
Plegaderus dissectus is associated with wet, decaying wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
becoming superficial, scattered pycnidium of Pleurophoma coelomycetous anamorph of Pleurophoma pleurospora is saprobic on dead Quercus
Remarks: season: 3,11
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Pleurotheciopsis dematiaceous anamorph of Pleurotheciopsis bramleyi is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Pleurothecium dematiaceous anamorph of Pleurothecium recurvatum is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pleurotus cornucopiae is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Remarks: season: summer
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus chrysophaeus is saprobic on dead, very decayed wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus leoninus is saprobic on very decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus pellitus is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus petasatus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus phlebophorus is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus salicinus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus thomsonii is saprobic on dead, decayed, often part buried wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Pluteus umbrosus is saprobic on dead, very decayed stump (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Podoscypha multizonata parasitises live, buried root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Poecilium alni feeds within moribund bark (twig, under) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Pogonocherus hispidulus feeds within dead twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Polydesmia fructicola is saprobic on mummified acorn of Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus cervinus feeds on Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus flavipes feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus mollis feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus pterygomalis feeds on Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus splendidus feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
Polydrusus tereticollis feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Polyporus brumalis is saprobic on dead, still attached to fallen tree twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: early winter-early spring
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Polyporus durus is saprobic on dead, fallen, very decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Polyporus leptocephalus is saprobic on dead, decayed stump (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Polyporus melanopus is saprobic on dead, decayed root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Polyporus tuberaster is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
amphigenous, effuse colony of Polyscytalium dematiaceous anamorph of Polyscytalum fagicola is saprobic on litter (leaf) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-9
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Polyscytalum dematiaceous anamorph of Polyscytalum fecundissimum is saprobic on rotting leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Porphyrellus porphyrosporus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Postia balsamea is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Postia ceriflua is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Postia subcaesia is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Postia tephroleuca is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Postia wakefieldiae is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Prionus coriarius feeds within moribund root of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Prionychus ater feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Procraerus tibialis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, exposed by peeling back or shedding of host periderm apothecium of Propolis farinosa is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12 (best condition: 2-3)
Foodplant / feeds on
adult of Psallus albicinctus feeds on Quercus
Remarks: season: 6-7
Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Psallus assimilis sucks sap of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Psallus confusus sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Psallus mollis sucks sap of Quercus
Remarks: season: 7
Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Psallus perrisi sucks sap of Quercus
Remarks: season: 6-8
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Psallus quercus sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Psallus variabilis sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Psallus varians sucks sap of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-6
Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Psallus wagneri sucks sap of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Psathyrella borgensis is saprobic on litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Psathyrella conopilus is saprobic on dead, buried, decayed root of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
clumped fruitbody of Psathyrella cotonea is saprobic on dead, decayed, buried wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Psathyrella frustulenta is saprobic on decayed (very) wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Psathyrella laevissima is saprobic on dead, decayed log (large) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Psathyrella lutensis is saprobic on dead, decayed (very) wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
caespitose fruitbody of Psathyrella piluliformis is saprobic on dead, decayed trunk (large) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
Pseudocistela ceramboides is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Pseudocraterellus undulatus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious, sessile apothecium of Pseudombrophila ramosa is saprobic on dead, rotting leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph of Pseudospiropes obclavatus is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Psilota anthracina is saprobic on sap run of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Pyrochroa coccinea is associated with under bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Pyrochroa serraticornis is associated with under bark of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Pyrrhidium sanguineum feeds within dead surface sapwood (stump) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Radulomyces molaris is saprobic on dead, attached branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Ramaria flava is associated with Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Resupinatus poriaeformis is saprobic on dead, fallen trunk (large) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-4
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Resupinatus trichotis is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / hibernates / under
in cell imago of Rhagium mordax overwinters under dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 8-4
Foodplant / saprobe
superficial, sessile apothecium of Rhizodiscina lignyota is saprobic on decorticate wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-7
Foodplant / feeds on
Rhizopertha dominica feeds on Quercus
Plant / associate
fruitbody of Rhodocybe roseoavellanea is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Rhodotus palmatus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / feeds on
Rhopalomesites tardyi feeds on dead wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
Rhynchaenus avellanae is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Rhynchaenus pilosus is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
Rhynchaenus quercus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Rhynchites aeneovirens feeds within partially severed bud of Quercus
Plant / associate
imago of Rhynchites caeruleus is associated with Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Rhynchites cavifrons feeds on twig of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Rhynchites germanicus feeds within decaying shoot? of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / feeds on
larva of Rhynchites interpunctatus feeds on Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Rhynchites olivaceus feeds within one year old twig of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
Geniculosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Rosellinia thelena is saprobic on debris of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-5
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Rubinoboletus rubinus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula aeruginea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula albonigra is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula amoenolens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula anthracina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula aquosa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula atropurpurea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula aurora is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula brunneoviolacea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula carminipes is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula cicatricata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula cyanoxantha is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula decipiens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula delica is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula densifolia is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula exalbicans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula faginea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula farinipes is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula fellea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula foetens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula fragilis var. fragilis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula grata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula graveolens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula heterophylla is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula insignis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula intermedia is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula ionochlora is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula lilacea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula luteotacta is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula maculata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula melzeri is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula nigricans is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula odorata is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula olivacea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula parazurea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
large fruitbody of Russula poichilochroa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula pseudoaffinis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula pseudoimpolita is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula pseudointegra is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula pungens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula raoultii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula rhodomelanea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula risigallina is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula rosea is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula rubroalba is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula rutila is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula sororia is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula subfoetens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula velenovskyi is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula vesca is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula violeipes is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Russula virescens is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Sarcodon regalis is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Sarcodon scabrosus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Sarcopodium anamorph of Sarcopodium tortuosum is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Schizophyllum commune is saprobic on dead, fallen wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
Schizothyrella coelomycetous anamorph of Schizothyrella quercina is saprobic on dead Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Scleroderma areolatum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Scleroderma cepa is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Scleroderma citrinum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: season: late Summer +
Other: uncertain
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Scolytus intricatus feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
apothecium of Scutellinia scutellata is saprobic on dead, rotten, wet wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-11
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
Scymnus auritus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
sporodochium of Septotrullula dematiaceous anamorph of Septotrullula bacilligera is saprobic on dead branch (bark) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Simocybe centunculus var. centunculus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed log (large) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Simocybe haustellaris is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Simocybe sumptuosa is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Sistotrema hispanicum is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Skeletocutis nivea is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Skeletocutis vulgaris is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed branch (large) of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / open feeder
adult of Smaragdina affinis grazes on leaf? of Quercus
Remarks: season: 5-6
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph of Spadicoides atra is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Spadicoides dematiaceous anamorph of Spadicoides bina is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Sparassis spathulata parasitises live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
halfway immersed, gregarious pycnidium of Sphaeronaema coelomycetous anamorph of Sphaeronaema rostratum is saprobic on dead wood chip of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Sphegina is saprobic on under very wet bark of Quercus
Plant / associate
Sphinginus lobatus is associated with Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmiella dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmiella hyalosperma var. hyalosperma is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 2-10
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium folliculatum is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-11
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium goidanichii is saprobic on dead leaf of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium hormiscioides is saprobic on wood or bark of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporidesmium dematiaceous anamorph of Sporidesmium leptosporum is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sporoschisma dematiaceous anamorph of Sporoschisma juvenile is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Steccherinum bourdotii is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / parasite
fruitbody of Stereum gausapatum parasitises live branch (small) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Stereum rameale is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed stick (thin) of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
deeply sunken apothecium of Stictis radiata is saprobic on dead twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Strobilomyces strobilaceus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Pseudospiropes dematiaceous anamorph of Strossmayeria basitricha is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Stypella crystallina is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Stypella subhyalina is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Sympodiella dematiaceous anamorph of Sympodiella foliicola is saprobic on rotting, dead leaf of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-5
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Taeniolina anamorph of Taeniolina scripta is saprobic on dead bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
extensively subiculate apothecium of Tapesia fusca is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Taphrorychus bicolor feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / open feeder
larva of Thaumetopoea processionea grazes on Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / sap sucker
Thelaxes dryophila sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / feeds on
female of Thrips minutissimus feeds on live flower of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-6
Plant / resting place / on
fruitbody of Tomentella punicea may be found on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Plant / associate
imago of Trachodes hispidus is associated with dead litter (leaf) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Trametes hirsuta is saprobic on dead, fallen branch of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Trametes pubescens is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Trechispora nivea is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
partly immersed pseudothecium of Trematosphaeria pertusa is saprobic on decorticate branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 3-5
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Tremex columba feeds within wood of Quercus
Plant / epiphyte
colony of Trentepohlia aurea grows on bark of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Trichocladium dematiaceous anamorph of Trichocladium opacum is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma acerbum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma album is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma atrosquamosum var. atrosquamosum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma columbetta is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma equestre is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma fulvum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma sejunctum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma sulphureum var. sulphureum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma ustale is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma ustaloides is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tricholoma viridifucatum is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Tricholomopsis rutilans is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Brachysporium dematiaceous anamorph of Trichosphaeria notabilis is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-8
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Trichothecium anamorph of Trichothecium roseum is saprobic on fallen branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-3
Foodplant / gall
sexual larva of Trigonaspis megaptera causes gall of live bud of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Trinophyllum cribratum feeds within dead wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Triposporium dematiaceous anamorph of Triposporium elegans is saprobic on dead, often grey or purple stained twig of Quercus
Remarks: season: 1-12
Plant / associate
Tropideres niveirostris is associated with Quercus
Plant / associate
imago of Tropideres sepicola is associated with dead branch of Quercus
Foodplant / sap sucker
Tuberculoides annulatus sucks sap of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
grouped, superficial pseudothecium of Tubeufia cerea is saprobic on dead cupule (inside) of Quercus
Remarks: season: 4-10
Plant / resting place / on
Tubulicium vermiferum may be found on live trunk of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
Tubulicrinis glebulosus is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Tulasnella cystidiophora is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
basidiome of Tulasnella pruinosa is saprobic on dead, decayed wood of Quercus
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Tylopilus felleus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Typhula erythropus is saprobic on dead, fallen, decayed leaf of Quercus
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Typhula lutescens is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf of litter of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, grouped in circles perithecium of Valsa ambiens is saprobic on branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-5
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, in groups of about 10 perithecium of Valsa ceratosperma is saprobic on branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 11-3
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, stromatic, in group of 3 to 8 perithecium of Valsa cypri is saprobic on dead branch (cortex) of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, stromatic, in groups of 7-10 perithecium of Valsaria insitiva is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 10-11
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Veronaea dematiaceous anamorph of Veronaea parvispora is saprobic on dead wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Virgaria dematiaceous anamorph of Virgaria nigra is saprobic on bark of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Virgariella dematiaceous anamorph of Virgariella atra is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Virgariella dematiaceous anamorph of Virgariella ovoidea is saprobic on rotten wood of Quercus
Plant / associate
larva of Volucella inflata is associated with sap run of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Volvariella bombycina is saprobic on dead stump (large) of Quercus
Other: unusual host/prey
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Vuilleminia comedens is saprobic on dead, decorticate, attached branch of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Xerocomellus engelii is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza
fruitbody of Xerocomus chrysonemus is ectomycorrhizal with live root of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Xerula caussei is saprobic on buried wood of Quercus
Other: major host/prey
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xestobium rufovillosum feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
erect stroma of Xylaria polymorpha is saprobic on dead branch of Quercus
Remarks: season: 9-11
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyleborus dispar feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyleborus dryographus feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyleborus saxeseni feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyletinus longitarsis feeds within wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
colony of Xylohypha dematiaceous anamorph of Xylohypha ferruginosa is saprobic on wood of Quercus
Foodplant / saprobe
larva of Xylota xanthocnema is saprobic on rot hole of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyloterus domesticus feeds within cambium of Quercus
Foodplant / internal feeder
larva of Xyloterus signatus feeds within cambium of Quercus
Plant / associate
hypogeous fruitbody of Zelleromyces stephensii is associated with Quercus
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Evolution and Systematics
Functional Adaptations
Functional adaptation
The branches of oak trees allow more water to reach the soil and seep into streams due to seasonal leaf loss, resulting in bare branches.
"Will any forest tree work the same on a given site? Are trees completely interchangeable? The questions hinged on whether trees vary in their capacity for water interception and transpiration. To get answers, loggers clear-cut mature hardwood forests of native oak and hickory in two watersheds in the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina, then replanted them with white pine seedlings. By 1973. when the pines had filled out their canopies, those two watersheds were yielding 20 percent less streamflow than equivalent catchments still forested by hardwoods…transpiration and evaporative losses from pines are greater because this species retains most of its needles year-round. In contrast, the dormant hardwoods stand leafless through the fall and winter, and their bare trunks and branches allow more rain to reach the soil and seep to the streams…the conversion of just sixteen hectares of forest from oak-hickory to pines cost 23 million liters in lost water in a single year." (Baskin 1997:85)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
- Baskin, Y. 1997. The Work of Nature: How The Diversity Of Life Sustains Us. Island Press.
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Functional adaptation
Oak trees can generate pressures of 500,000 Pa through evaporation.
"Oak trees can generate pressures of 500,000 Pa through evaporation." (Lieberman 2004: 893)
Learn more about this functional adaptation.
- Lieberman, Daniel E. 2004. Engineering for animals. Nature. 428(6986): 893-893.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Barcode
Locations of barcode samples
Trusted
Statistics of barcoding coverage
| Specimen Records: | 36 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 33 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 28 |
| Public Records: | 15 |
| Species: | 11 |
| Species With Barcodes: | 7 |
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Conservation
Conservation Status
National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
Trusted
Wikipedia
Oak
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (
/ˈkwɜrkəs/;[1] Latin "oak tree"), of which about 600 species exist. "Oak" may also appear in the names of species in related genera, notably Lithocarpus. The genus is native to the northern hemisphere, and includes deciduous and evergreen species extending from cool temperate to tropical latitudes in Asia and the Americas.
Oaks have spirally arranged leaves, with a lobed margin in many species; some have serrated leaves or entire leaves with a smooth margin. Many deciduous species are marcescent, not dropping dead leaves until spring. The flowers are catkins, produced in spring. The fruit is a nut called an acorn, borne in a cup-like structure known as a cupule; each acorn contains one seed (rarely two or three) and takes 6–18 months to mature, depending on species. The live oaks are distinguished for being evergreen, but are not actually a distinct group and instead are dispersed across the genus.
Contents |
Classification
Oak trees are a flowering plant. The genus is divided into two subgenera and a number of sections:
Subgenus Quercus
The Subgenus Quercus is divided into the following sections:
- Sect. Quercus (synonyms Lepidobalanus and Leucobalanus), the white oaks of Europe, Asia and North America. Styles are short; acorns mature in 6 months and taste sweet or slightly bitter; the inside of an acorn shell is hairless. The leaves mostly lack a bristle on their lobe tips, which are usually rounded.
- Sect. Mesobalanus, Hungarian oak and its relatives of Europe and Asia. Styles long; acorns mature in about 6 months and taste bitter; the inside of this acorn's shell is hairless. The section Mesobalanus is closely related to section Quercus and sometimes included in it.
- Sect. Cerris, the Turkey oak and its relatives of Europe and Asia. Styles long; acorn mature in 18 months and taste very bitter. The inside of the acorn's shell is hairless. Its leaves typically have sharp lobe tips, with bristles at the lobe tip.
- Sect. Protobalanus, the Canyon live oak and its relatives, in southwest United States and northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months and taste very bitter. The inside of the acorn shell appears woolly. Leaves typically have sharp lobe tips, with bristles at the lobe tip.
- Sect. Lobatae (synonym Erythrobalanus), the red oaks of North America, Central America and northern South America. Styles long; acorns mature in 18 months and taste very bitter. The inside of the acorn shell appears woolly. The actual nut is encased in a thin, clinging, papery skin. Leaves typically have sharp lobe tips, with spiny bristles at the lobe.
Subgenus Cyclobalanopsis
- The ring-cupped oaks of eastern and southeastern Asia. Evergreen trees growing 10–40 m tall. They are distinct from subgenus Quercus in that they have acorns with distinctive cups bearing concrescent rings of scales; they commonly also have densely clustered acorns, though this does not apply to all of the species. The Flora of China treats Cyclobalanopsis as a distinct genus, but most taxonomists consider it a subgenus of Quercus. It contains about 150 species. Species of Cyclobalanopsis are common in the evergreen subtropical laurel forests which extend from southern Japan, southern Korea, and Taiwan across southern China and northern Indochina to the eastern Himalayas, in association with trees of genus Castanopsis and the laurel family (Lauraceae).
Hybridization
Interspecific hybridization is quite common among oaks but usually between species within the same section only and most common in the white oak group (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus; see List of Quercus species). Inter-section hybrids, except between species of sections Quercus and Mesobalanus, are unknown. Recent systematic studies appear to confirm a high tendency of Quercus species to hybridize because of a combination of factors. White oaks are unable to discriminate against pollination by other species in the same section. Because they are wind pollinated and they have weak internal barriers to hybridization, hybridization produces functional seeds and fertile hybrid offspring.[2] Ecological stresses, especially near habitat margins, can also cause a breakdown of mate recognition as well as a reduction of male function (pollen quantity and quality) in one parent species.[2][3]
Frequent hybridization among oaks has consequences for oak populations around the world; most notably, hybridization has produced large populations of hybrids with copious amounts of introgression, and the evolution of new species.[4] Frequent hybridization and high levels of introgression have caused different species in the same populations to share up to 50% of their genetic information.[5] Having high rates of hybridization and introgression produces genetic data that often does not differentiate between two clearly morphologically distinct species, but instead differentiates populations.[6] Numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain how oak species are able to remain morphologically and ecologically distinct with such high levels of gene flow, but the problem is still largely a mystery to botanists.
The Fagaceae, or oak family, is a very slow evolving clade compared to other angiosperms,[7][8] and the patterns of hybridization and introgression in Quercus pose a great challenge to the concept of a species since a species is often defined as a group of “actually or potentially interbreeding populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups.”[9] By this definition, many species of Quercus would be lumped together according to their geographic and ecological habitat, despite clear distinctions in morphology and, to a large extent, genetic data.
Uses
Oak wood has a density of about 0.75 g/cm3, great strength and hardness, and is very resistant to insect and fungal attack because of its high tannin content. It also has very appealing grain markings, particularly when quartersawn. Wide, quarter-sawn boards of oak have been prized since the Middle Ages for use in interior paneling of prestigious buildings such as the debating chamber of the House of Commons in London, England, and in the construction of fine furniture. Oak wood, from Quercus robur and Quercus petraea, was used in Europe for the construction of ships, especially naval men of war, until the 19th century, and was the principal timber used in the construction of European timber-framed buildings. Today oak wood is still commonly used for furniture making and flooring, timber frame buildings, and for veneer production. Barrels in which wines, sherry, and spirits such as brandy, Scotch whisky and Bourbon whiskey are aged are made from European and American oak. The use of oak in wine can add many different dimensions to wine based on the type and style of the oak. Oak barrels, which may be charred before use, contribute to the colour, taste, and aroma of the contents, imparting a desirable oaky vanillin flavour to these drinks. The great dilemma for wine producers is to choose between French and American oakwoods. French oaks (Quercus robur, Q. petraea) give the wine greater refinement and are chosen for the best wines since they increase the price compared to those aged in American oak wood. American oak contributes greater texture and resistance to ageing, but produces more violent wine bouquets. Oak wood chips are used for smoking fish, meat, cheeses[10] and other foods.
Japanese oak is used in the making of professional drums from manufacturer Yamaha Drums. The higher density of oak gives the drum a brighter and louder tone compared to traditional drum materials such as maple and birch.
The bark of the Cork oak, is used to produce wine stoppers (corks). This species grows in the Mediterranean Sea region, with Portugal, Spain, Algeria and Morocco producing most of the world's supply. Of the North American oaks, the Northern red oak is the most prized of the red oak group for lumber, all of which is marketed as red oak regardless of the species of origin. It is not good for outdoor use due to its open capillaries. One can blow air through an end grain piece 10 inches long to make bubbles come out in a glass of water. These openings give fungus easy access when the finish deteriorates. The standard for the lumber of the white oak group – all of which is marketed as white oak – is the White Oak. White Oak is often used to make wine barrels. The wood of the deciduous Pedunculate Oak and Sessile Oak accounts for most of the European oak production, but evergreen species, such as Holm oak and Cork oak also produce valuable timber.
The bark of the White Oak is dried and used in medical preparations. Oak bark is also rich in tannin, and is used by tanners for tanning leather. Acorns are used for making flour or roasted for acorn coffee.
Oak galls were used for centuries as the main ingredient in manuscript ink, harvested at a specific time of year.[citation needed] In Korea, oak bark is used to make shingles for traditional roof construction.
Biodiversity and ecology
Oaks are keystone species in a wide range of habitats from Mediterranean semi-desert to subtropical rainforest. For example, oak trees are important components of hardwood forests, and certain species are particularly known to grow in associations with members of the Ericaceae in oak-heath forests.[11][12] A number of kinds of truffles, including the two well known varieties, the black Périgord truffle[13] and the white Piedmont truffle,[14] have symbiotic relationships with oak trees.
Many species of oaks are under threat of extinction in the wild, largely due to land use changes, livestock grazing and unsustainable harvesting. For example, over the past 200 years, large areas of oak forest in the highlands of Mexico, Central America and the northern Andes have been cleared for coffee plantations and cattle ranching. There is a continuing threat to these forests from exploitation for timber, fuelwood and charcoal.[15] In the USA, entire oak ecosystems have declined due to a combination of factors still imperfectly known, but thought to include fire suppression, increased consumption of acorns by growing mammal populations, herbivory of seedlings, and introduced pests.[16] In a recent survey, 78 wild oak species have been identified as being in danger of extinction, from a global total of over 500 species.[17] The proportion under threat may be much higher in reality, as there is insufficient information about over 300 species, making it near impossible to form any judgement of their status.
Diseases and pests
Sudden Oak Death (Phytophthora ramorum) is a water mould that can kill oaks within just a few weeks. Oak Wilt, caused by the fungus Ceratocystis fagacearum (a fungus closely related to Dutch Elm Disease), is also a lethal disease of some oaks, particularly the red oaks (the white oaks can be infected but generally live longer). Other dangers include wood-boring beetles, as well as root rot in older trees which may not be apparent on the outside, often being discovered only when the trees come down in a strong gale. Oak apples are galls on oaks made by the gall wasp. The female kermes scale causes galls to grow on kermes oak. Oaks are used as food plants by the larvae of Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species such as the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria dispar, which can defoliate oak and other broadleaved tree species in North America.[18]
A considerable number of galls are found on oak leaves, buds, flowers, roots, etc. Examples are Oak artichoke gall, Oak Marble gall, Oak apple gall, Knopper gall, and Spangle gall.
A number of species of fungus cause powdery mildew on oak species. In Europe the species Erysiphe alphitoides is the most common cause.[19]
A new and as yet little understood disease of mature oaks, Acute oak decline, has been reported in parts of the UK since 2009.[20]
Additionally, the Oak Processionary Moth (Thaumetopoea processionea) has become a serious threat in the UK since 2006. It defoliates the trees, and is hazardous to human health.
Toxicity
The leaves and acorns of the oak tree are poisonous to cattle, horses, sheep, and goats in large amounts due to the toxin tannic acid, and cause kidney damage and gastroenteritis. Additionally, once livestock have a taste for the leaves and acorns, they may seek them out. Symptoms of poisoning include lack of appetite, depression, constipation, diarrhea (which may contain blood), blood in urine, and colic. The exception to livestock and oak toxicity is the domestic pig, which may be fed entirely on acorns in the right conditions, and has traditionally been pastured in oak woodlands (such as the Spanish dehesa and the English system of pannage) for hundreds of years. Acorns are also edible to humans in processed form, after leaching of the tannins. They are a staple part of the forage consumed by wildlife, including squirrels.
Cultural significance
National symbol
The oak is a common symbol of strength and endurance and has been chosen as the national tree of many countries. Already an ancient Germanic symbol (in the form of the Donar Oak, for instance), certainly since the early nineteenth century, it stands for the nation of Germany.[21] In 2004 the Arbor Day Foundation[22] held a vote for the official National Tree of the United States of America. In November 2004, Congress passed legislation designating the oak as America's National Tree.[23]
Other countries have also designated the oak as their national tree including England, Estonia, France, Germany, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, the United States, Wales, Galicia, Bulgaria, and Serbia.[citation needed]
Oaks as regional and state symbols
The oak is the emblem of County Londonderry in Northern Ireland, as a vast amount of the county was covered in forests of the tree until relatively recently. The name of the county comes from the city of Derry, which originally in Irish was known as Doire meaning oak.
The Irish County Kildare derives its name from the town of Kildare which originally in Irish was Cill Dara meaning the Church of the Oak or Oak Church.
Iowa designated the oak as its official state tree in 1961; and the White Oak is the state tree of Connecticut, Illinois and Maryland. The Northern Red Oak is the provincial tree of Prince Edward Island, as well as the state tree of New Jersey. The Live Oak is the state tree of Georgia, USA.
The oak is a national symbol from the Basque Country, specially in the province of Biscay.
Military use
Oak leaves are traditionally an important part of German Army regalia. They also symbolize rank in the United States Armed Forces. A gold oak leaf indicates an O-4 (Major or Lt. Commander), whereas a silver oak leaf indicates an O-5 (Lt. Colonel or Commander). Arrangements of oak leaves, acorns and sprigs indicate different branches of the United States Navy Staff corps officers. Oak leaves are embroidered onto the covers (hats) worn by field grade officers and flag officers in the United States armed services.
If a service member earns multiple awards of the same medal, then instead of wearing a ribbon or medal for each award, he or she wears one metal representation of an "oak leaf cluster" attached to the appropriate ribbon for each subsequent award.
Political use
The oak tree is used as a symbol by a number of political parties. It is the symbol of the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom,[24] and formerly of the Progressive Democrats in Ireland.[25] In the cultural arena, the oakleaf is the symbol of the National Trust (UK) and The Royal Oak Foundation.[citation needed]
Religious
In Greek mythology, the oak is the tree sacred to Zeus, king of the gods. In Zeus's oracle in Dodona, Epirus, the sacred oak was the centerpiece of the precinct, and the priests would divine the pronouncements of the god by interpreting the rustling of the oak's leaves.[26]
In Baltic mythology, the oak is the sacred tree of Latvian Pērkons, Lithuanian Perkūnas and Prussian Perkūns. Pērkons is the god of thunder and one of the most important deities in the Baltic pantheon.
In Celtic polytheism, the name of the oak tree was part of the Proto-Celtic word for 'druid': *derwo-weyd- > *druwid- ; however, Proto-Celtic *derwo- (and *dru-) can also be adjectives for 'strong' and 'firm', so Ranko Matasovic interprets that *druwid- may mean 'strong knowledge'. As in other Indo-European faiths, Taranus, being a Thunder God, was associated with the oak tree.
In Norse mythology, the oak was sacred to the thunder god, Thor. Some scholars speculate[weasel words] that the reason for this is that the oak – the largest tree in northern Europe – was the one most often struck by lightning. Thor's Oak was a sacred tree of the Germanic Chatti tribe. According to legend, the Christianisation of the heathen tribes by Saint Boniface was marked by the oak's being replaced by the fir (whose triangular shape symbolizes the Trinity) as a "sacred" tree.[27]
In the Bible, the oak tree at Shechem is the site where Jacob buries the foreign gods of his people (Gen. 35:4) . In addition, Joshua erects a stone under an oak tree as the first covenant of the Lord (Josh. 24.25-7). In Isaiah 61, the prophet refers to the Israelites as "Oaks of Righteousness".
In Slavic mythology, the oak was the most important tree of the god Perun.
Historical
Several individual oak trees, such as the Royal Oak in Britain and the Charter Oak in the United States, are of great historical or cultural importance; for a list of important oaks, see Individual oak trees.
"The Proscribed Royalist, 1651", a famous painting by John Everett Millais, depicted a Royalist fleeing from Cromwell's forces and hidden in an oak. Millais painted the picture in Hayes, Kent, from a local oak tree that became known as the Millais Oak.[28][29]
Approximately 50 km west of Toronto, Canada is the town of Oakville, ON, famous for its history as a shipbuilding port on Lake Ontario.
The city of Raleigh, N.C., is known as "The City of Oaks."
The Jurupa Oak tree — a clonal colony of Quercus palmeria or Palmer’s Oak found in Riverside County, California — is believed to be the world's oldest organism at 13,000 years.[30]
Large groups of very old oak trees are rare. One of the oldest groups of oak trees, found in Poland, is about 480 years old, which was assessed by dendrochronological methods[31].
Historical note on Linnaean species
Linnaeus described only five species of oak from eastern North America, based on general leaf form. These were White oak, Quercus alba; Chestnut oak, Q. montana; Red oak, Q. rubra; Willow oak Q. phellos; and Water oak, Q. nigra. Because he was dealing with confusing leaf forms, the Q. prinus and Q. rubra specimens actually included mixed foliage of more than one species. For that reason, some taxonomists in the past proposed different names for these two species (Q. montana and Q. borealis, respectively), but the original Linnaean names have now been lectotypified by removing some of the specimens in Linnaeus' herbarium.
See also
References
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^ a b Williams, Joseph H.; Boecklen, William J. & Howard, Daniel J. (2001). "Reproductive processes in two oak (Quercus) contact zones with different levels of hybridisation". Heredity 87 (6): 680–690. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00968.x.
- ^ Arnold, M. L. (1997). Natural Hybridization and Evolution. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509974-5.
- ^ Conte, L.; Cotti, C. & Cristofolini, G. (2007). "Molecular evidence for hybrid origin of Quercus crenata Lam. (Fagaceae) from Q-cerris L. and Q-suber L.". Plant Biosystems 141 (2): 181–193. doi:10.1080/11263500701401463.
- ^ Gomory, D. & Schmidtova, J. (2007). "Extent of nuclear genome sharing among white oak species (Quercus L. subgen. Lepidobalanus (Endl.) Oerst.) in Slovakia estimated by allozymes". Plant Systematics and Evolution 266 (3–4): 253–264. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0535-0.
- ^ Kelleher, C. T.; Hodkinson, T. R.; Douglas, G. C. & Kelly, D. L. (2005). "Species distinction in Irish populations of Quercus petraea and Q. robur: Morphological versus molecular analyses". Annals of Botany 96 (7): 1237–1246. doi:10.1093/aob/mci275. PMID 16199484.
- ^ Frascaria, N.; Maggia, L.; Michaud, M. & Bousquet, J. (1993). "The RBCL Gene Sequence from Chestnut Indicates a Slow Rate of Evolution in the Fagaceae". Genome 36 (4): 668–671. doi:10.1139/g93-089. PMID 8405983.
- ^ Manos, P. S.; Stanford, A. M. (2001b). "The historical biogeography of Fagaceae: Tracking the tertiary history of temperate and subtropical forests of the Northern Hemisphere". International Journal of Plant Sciences 162 (Suppl. 6): S77–S93. doi:10.1086/323280.
- ^ Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B.; Losos, Jonathan B.; Singer, Susan R. (2005). Biology (Seventh ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-111182-4.
- ^ Cheese. swaledalecheese.co.uk
- ^ ''The Natural Communities of Virginia Classification of Ecological Community Groups'' (Version 2.3), Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, 2010. Dcr.virginia.gov. Retrieved on 2011-12-10.
- ^ Schafale, M. P. and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the natural communities of North Carolina: third approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation.
- ^ "Truffle Glossary: Black Truffles". thenibble.com. 2010-07-01. http://www.thenibble.com/reviews/main/vegetables/truffle-glossary6.asp#glossary. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
- ^ "Truffle Glossary: White Truffles". thenibble.com. 2010-07-01. http://www.thenibble.com/reviews/main/vegetables/truffle-glossary8.asp#glossary. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
- ^ Kappelle, M. (2006). Neotropical montane oak forests: overview and outlook. In: Kappelle, M. (ed.). Ecology and conservation of neotropical montane oak forests. Ecological Studies No. 185. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
- ^ Lorimer, C.G. (2003) Editorial:the decline of oak forests
- ^ Oldfield, S. & Eastwood, A. (2007) The Red List of Oaks Flora & Fauna International (FFI) and Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) ISBN 978-1-903703-25-0
- ^ "Trees: Oak Insects and Diseases: Gypsy Moth". TreeHelp.com. http://www.treehelp.com/trees/oak/oak-insects-gypsymoth.asp. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- ^ Mougou, A.; Dutech, C.; Desprez-Loustau, M. -L. (2008). "New insights into the identity and origin of the causal agent of oak powdery mildew in Europe". Forest Pathology 38 (4): 275. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2008.00544.x.
- ^ Kinver, Mark (28 April 2010). "Oak disease 'threatens landscape'". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science_and_environment/10089581.stm. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- ^ Schierz, Kai Uwe (2004). "Von Bonifatius bis Beuys, oder: Vom Umgang mit heiligen Eichen". In Hardy Eidam, Marina Moritz, Gerd-Rainer Riedel, Kai-Uwe Schierz (in German). Bonifatius: Heidenopfer, Christuskreuz, Eichenkult. Stadtverwaltung Erfurt. pp. 139–45.
- ^ "Trees – Arbor Day Foundation". Arborday.org. http://www.arborday.org. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- ^ "Oak Trees". arborday.org. http://www.arborday.org/Shopping/Trees/oak.cfm. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- ^ Pickles, Eric. "The Conservative Party". Conservatives.com. http://www.conservatives.com. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
- ^ Coalition Government 1989 To 1992. progressivedemocrats.ie
- ^ Frazer, James George. 1922. The Golden Bough. Chapter XV: The Worship of the Oak.
- ^ von Staufer, Maria. "The Chronological History of the Christmas Tree". The Christmas Archives. http://www.christmasarchives.com/trees.html. Retrieved 2010-02-07.
- ^ Millais, J.G. Life and Letters of Sir John Everett Millais, vol. 1, p. 166
- ^ Arborecology, containing a photograph of the Millais oak
- ^ Thaindian News: Jurupa Oak tree is world’s oldest organism at 13,000 years. December 24, 2009. Thaindian.com. Retrieved on 2011-12-10.
- ^ Ufnalski K. The oldest groups of oak trees in Poland. Proceedings of EuroDendro 2008 "The long history of wood utilization" News of Forest History Nr. V (39)/2008:83-84
Bibliography
- Byfield, Liz (1990) An oak tree, Collins book bus, London : Collins Educational, ISBN 0-00-313526-8
- Philips, Roger. Trees of North America and Europe, Random House, Inc., New York ISBN 0-394-50259-0, 1979.
- Logan, William B. (2005) Oak : the frame of civilization, New York ; London : W.W. Norton, ISBN 0-393-04773-3
- Paterson, R.T. (1993) Use of trees by livestock, 5: Quercus, Chatham : Natural Resources Institute, ISBN 0-85954-365-X
- Royston, Angela (2000) Life cycle of an oak tree, Heinemann first library, Oxford : Heinemann Library, ISBN 0-431-08391-6
- Savage, Stephen (1994) Oak tree, Observing nature series, Hove : Wayland, ISBN 0-7502-1196-2
- Tansley, Arthur G., Sir (1952) Oaks and oak woods, Field study books, London : Methuen.
- Żukow-Karczewski, Marek. Dąb – król polskich drzew (Oak – the king of the Polish trees), "AURA" (A Monthly for the protection and shaping of human environment), 9/88.
Unreviewed
Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak
Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak is an oak hybrid of Quercus robur x Quercus bicolor thus forming a Quercus x warei. In lay terms this means an Upright English Oak was hybridized with a Swamp White Oak and this tree was one of the progeny. The proper name of this tree is Quercus x warei 'Nadler' Kindred Spirit. This tree has also been referenced as the 'Nadler' oak. The plant is protected under United States Plant Patent 17604 [1]. The ortet, or mother tree, is 35 feet tall with a limb spread of 6 feet at an age of 30 years old, and resides in Jacksonville, Illinois. This clone also exhibits heterosis, hybrid vigor, due to the fact that it is a hybrid.
The Kindred Spirit is highly resistant to powdery mildew [2], which plagues the Q. robur parentage [3]. The cultivar 'Long' which is also a Quercus x warei sold under the name Regal Prince[4] is a sister seedling to this selection. Both of these cultivars were selected out of batch of chance seedlings that were collected from the University of Missouri campus.
Contents |
Photos
Leaves of a Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak | Immature Acorns of Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak | Acorns of Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak | Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak Without Leaves |
Notes
References
- Dirr, Michael A. 2009. Manual of woody landscape plants: Their identification, ornamental characteristics, culture, propagation and uses. 6th edition. Stipes Publishing Co. Champaign, Illinois. pp. 933
- Growing Trends: The Official Publication of the Illinois Green Industry Association. "Landscape Architects Meet Heritage Trees... Heritage Trees Meet Some Landscape Architects." July 2007, pp. 16, 19
- 2008–2009 Catalog of Robinson Nursery Inc.
- 2009–2010 Catalog of Heritage Seedlings Inc., KCK Farms LLC, Kuenzi Turf and Nursery, Robinson Nursery Inc. and Seseter Farms.
Unreviewed
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