Callosciurus caniceps — Details

Gray-bellied Squirrel learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Distribution

Range Description

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This species is found in Thailand, peninsular Myanmar and Malaysia, and small adjacent islands including Langkawi in the west (Oshida et al. 2001). It is found west of the Mekong and east of the Salween (Moore and Tate 1965). It is likely to occur in the small parts of Lao PDR west of the Mekong but thes have not been surveyed adequately yet (Duckworth et al. 1999). It has also been recorded from Yunnan, China (Smith et al. 2008).
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Physical Description

Type Information

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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Male; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): H. Smith
Year Collected: 1928
Locality: Koh Tau, Surat Thani, Thailand, Asia
  • Type: Shamel, H. H. 1930 Feb 11. Journal of Mammalogy. 11: 72.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1900
Locality: Bentinck Island, Mergui Archipelago, Tanintharyi, Myanmar, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 19.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1900
Locality: Saint Luke Island, Mergui Archipelago, Tanintharyi, Myanmar, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 20.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1900
Locality: Saint Matthew Island, Mergui Archipelago, Tanintharyi, Myanmar, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 19.
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Source: National Museum of Natural History Image Collection

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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Male; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1899
Locality: Pulo Lankawi [= Pulau Langkawi], Kedah, Malaysia, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 16.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1900
Locality: Sullivan Island, Mergui Archipelago, Tanintharyi, Myanmar, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 17.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): C. Kloss
Year Collected: 1916
Locality: Pran, Koh Lak, Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand, Asia
  • Type: Kloss, C. B. 1916 Dec. Journal of the Natural History Society of Siam. 2: 178.
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Type for Callosciurus caniceps
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Mammals
Sex/Stage: Female; Adult
Preparation: Skin; Skull
Collector(s): W. Abbott
Year Collected: 1900
Locality: High Island, Mergui Archipelago, Tanintharyi, Myanmar, Asia
  • Type: Miller, G. S. 1903 Nov 06. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 45: 21.
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
This squirrel is well adapted to the presence of people. It may be found in plantations, cultivated areas, second growth and gardens, as well as forest. In natural habitats it seems to prefer dense dipterocarp forests with thick brushy vegetation. It may be found up to 2,500 m, but is usually found at lower elevations (Smith et al. 2008).
The Gray-bellied Squirrel is normally diurnal and arboreal (Saiful and Nordin 2004), although it sometimes descends to the ground to pick up food, which it then carries into a tree and eats. The diet consists of fruit and some insects. The spherical nest is built on the upper branches of a bush or small tree. The home range is small compared with other arboreal squirrels, and does not change in size seasonally.
It has been suggested that one of the reasons for low densities of this species in Malaysian tropical rain forest is competition from the great variety of other arboreal vertebrates (such as birds, and especially primates) for food, especially fruits and leaves, which are among the food items preferred by squirrels (Saiful and Nordin 2004).

Systems
  • Terrestrial
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Life History and Behavior

Life Expectancy

Lifespan, longevity, and ageing

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Maximum longevity: 13.7 years (captivity)
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2008

Assessor/s
Duckworth, J.W.

Reviewer/s
Amori, G. (Small Nonvolant Mammal Red List Authority) & Schipper, J. (Global Mammal Assessment Team)

Justification
This species is listed as Least Concern in because of its wide distribution, presumed large population, occurrence in a number of protected areas, adapted to human disturbance, and because it is unlikely to be declining at nearly the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category.

History
  • 1996
    Lower Risk/least concern
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Population

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Population
This species was rarely found in a survey conducted by Saiful and Nordin (2004) in Peninsular Malaysia (Weng River sub-catchment). It is common in Kuala Lumpur Parks (W. Duckworth pers. comm.) and in Khao Yai National Park in Thailand (W. Duckworth pers. comm.).

Population Trend
Stable
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Threats

Threats

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Major Threats
The are no major threats to this species.
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
Saiful and Nordin (2004) state the need for further comparative study on this species' abundance, density and distribution and its relationship to forest structure or habitat quality, spatially and temporally, in hill dipterocarp forest of Malaysia.
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Wikipedia

Gray-bellied Squirrel

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The Gray-bellied Squirrel (Callosciurus caniceps) is a species of rodent in the Sciuridae family. It is found in forests, plantations and gardens in Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, southern Myanmar, southern China (Yunnan) and possibly western Laos.[1] It has been introduced in the Ryukyu Islands in Japan. As suggested by its name, its belly is usually gray, though sometimes reddish on the sides. Depending on subspecies and season, the upperparts are gray, yellowish-olive or reddish.

References

  1. ^ a b Duckworth, J. W. (2008). Callosciurus caniceps. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 6 January 2009.
  2. ^ Thorington, R.W., Jr.; Hoffmann, R.S. (2005). "Family Sciuridae". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference (3rd ed.). The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. OCLC 26158608. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=12400450. 
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