Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are found in the dry forests of western Madagascar and south to the southern tip of Madagascar, where their range extends into moist evergreen forest habitats.

Biogeographic Regions: ethiopian (Native )

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are small animals, about the size of a small rat. Head and body length is 20 to 23 cm and tail length is 20 to 27 cm. Body weight varies between 120 and 270 grams, being heaviest just prior to entering seasonal torpor. Their fur is soft and woolly. They have large, lustrous eyes which are surrounded by dark rings. They are a brownish-red or grey color, and their underside is completely white. Along with the dark eye rings, fat-tailed dwarf lemurs have a white nasal stripe and white feet.

Range mass: 120 to 270 g.

Range length: 20 to 23 mm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism: sexes alike

Average basal metabolic rate: 1.088 W.

• Terrestrial

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs inhabit dry deciduous forests and thorn scrub forests in western Madagascar. Their range extends to southeastern Madagascar, where they inhabit moist evergreen forests. They are seen on thick and medium-sized branches that are usually low down. Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs make their nests in holes in trees, where they lie dormant throughout the dry season.

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: forest ; scrub forest

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are predominantly frugivores, but they also feed on flowers, seeds, nectar and insects. They take small vertebrates occasionally. During the wet season fat-tailed dwarf lemurs store fat in their tails in preparation for their dry season aestivation. Just before aestivation they begin to incorporate higher quantities of fruit in their diet.

Animal Foods: reptiles; insects

Plant Foods: seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit; nectar; flowers; sap or other plant fluids

Primary Diet: herbivore (Frugivore , Granivore )

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs may play a role in seed dispersal in the forests they inhabit. They are also important prey for medium sized carnivores.

Predators of fat-tailed dwarf lemurs include fossas, Madagascar harrier-hawks, Madagascar buzzards, barn owls, Madagascan long-eared owls, and native boas. Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are nocturnal and cryptically colored, which helps them to avoid some predation.

Known Predators:

• fossas (Cryptoprocta ferox)
• Madagascar harrier-hawks (Polyboroides radiatus)
• Madagascar buzzards (Buteo brachypterus)
• barn owls (Tyto alba)
• Madagascan long-eared owls (Asio madagascariensis)
• Madagascar ground boas (Acrantophis madagascariensis)
• Madagascar tree boas (Sanzinia madagascariensis)

Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are relatively quiet animals. They do have a few weak calls for contact and a louder cry in agonistic situations. They use fecal scent marks to mark territories.

Communication Channels: acoustic ; chemical

Perception Channels: visual ; acoustic

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are reported to have lived up to 20 years in captivity.

Range lifespan

Status: captivity: 20 (high) years.

Average lifespan

Sex: female

Status: captivity: 17.0 years.

Average lifespan

Status: captivity: 18.0 years.

Average lifespan

Status: captivity: 18.0 years.

Average lifespan

Sex: male

Status: captivity: 19.3 years.

Females have an estrous cycle which lasts about 20 days. During this time males compete fiercely for the estrous females. Social groups consist of a mated female and male and offspring from previous breeding efforts. Despite this apparently monogamous structure, approximately 40% of young are fathered by a different male.

Mating System: monogamous ; polygynandrous (promiscuous)

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs begin mating near the end of November, when they emerge from their winter torpor. The gestation period is approximately 61 days and 1 to 4 young are born, although twins are most common. Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs become sexually mature in their second year of life.

Breeding interval: Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs breed once a year.

Breeding season: Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs begin mating at the end of November.

Range number of offspring: 1 to 4.

Average number of offspring: 2.

Average gestation period: 61 days.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 2 years.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 2 years.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); viviparous

Average birth mass: 19 g.

Average gestation period: 61 days.

Average number of offspring: 2.5.

Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female)

Sex: female: 365 days.

Fat-tailed dwarf lemur females care for their young by nursing them and protecting them until they are independent. Young are born well-developed, fully furred and with their eyes open. Both females and male participate in caring for the young.

Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-independence (Protecting: Male, Female); post-independence association with parents

Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are currently listed as lower risk/least concern by the IUCN. They are considered endangered by the U.S. Endangered Species Act and on Appendix I of CITES by virtue of being in the family Cheirogaleidae. They are fairly widespread and abundant currently and populations are protected in 4 national parks.

US Federal List: endangered

CITES: appendix i

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

There are no known negative impacts of Cheirogaleus medius on humans.

Since these animals are confined to only the island of Madagascar their economic importance to humans is extremely little, if their is any at all.