The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1998. website, Mammal Species of the World
• 2004. "Llama" (On-line). Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://search.eb.com/article?eu=49780.
• Anderson, D. 2002. "Environmental Impact Statement" (On-line). The Llama Crossing. Accessed February 07, 2004 at http://www.llamacrossing.com/DrAnderson.shtml.
• Apparel Search Company. 2003. "Vicuna Research" (On-line). Accessed February 11, 2004 at http://www.apparelsearch.com/education_research_vicuna.htm#THE%20VICU%D1A%92S%20SOCIAL%20BEHAVIOR.
• Dias de Avila Pires, F. 2004. "Grolier Online" (On-line). Encyclopedia Americana. Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://go.grolier.com/gol.
• Groves, C., & Grubb P. (2011). Ungulate Taxonomy.
• Honolulu Zoo, 2004. "Honolulu Zoo" (On-line). Llama. Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://www.honoluluzoo.org/llama.htm.
• Ingram, G., J. Krowka. 1999. "Problematic behavior in llamas and misdirected territorial aggression" (On-line). lost creek llamas. Accessed February 19, 2004 at http://home.att.net/~lostcreekllamas/mta.html.
• Kadwell, M., Fernandez M., Stanley H. F., Baldi R., Wheeler J. C., Rosadio R., et al. (2001). Genetic analysis reveals the wild ancestors of the llama and the alpaca. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B. 268, 2575-2584.
• Kadwell, M., M. Fernandez, H. Stanley, R. Baldi, J. Wheeler, R. Rosadio, M. Bruford. 2001. Genetic analysis reeals the wild ancestors of the llama and alpaca. Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 268/1485: 2575-2584.
• Lewerenz, D. 2001. Llamas take over for shepherds. Capper's, 123/14: 15.
• Marín, J. C., Zapata B., González B. A., Bonacic C., Wheeler J. C., Casey C., et al. (2007). Systematics, taxonomy and domestication of alpaca and llama: new chromosomal and molecular evidence. Revista chilena de historia natural. 80, 121-140.
• Microsoft Encarta, 2004. "Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2004" (On-line). Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761555939/Llama.html.
• Microsoft Encarta, 2004. "Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2004" (On-line). Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761560223/Andes.html.
• Muñoz-Pedreros A & J Yáñez (2000) Mamíferos de Chile. CEA Ediciones, Chile. 463 p.
• Nowak, R. M. (1991). Guanaco, Llama, and Alpaca. Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th edition. 1353. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Orrell T. (custodian) (2013). ITIS Global: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (version Sept 12). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 11th March 2013 (Roskov Y., Kunze T., Paglinawan L., Orrell T., Nicolson D., Culham A., Bailly N., Kirk P., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Hernandez F., De Wever A., eds). Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col/. Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Parera, A. 2002. Los mamiferos de la Argentinia y la region austral de Sudamerica. Argentina: A editorial el Ateneo.
• Reebs, S. 2002. Wooly ancestry. American Museum of Natural History, 111/5: 16.
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Smith, B., K. Timm, P. Reed. 1992. Morphometric evaluation of growth in llamas from birth to maturity. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 200/1095-100: 108-163.
• Sorin, A. 2002. "Animal Diversity Web" (On-line). Lama guanico (guanaco). Accessed February 19, 2004 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Lama_guanicoe.html.
• Stamberg, G., D. Wilson. 1997. "Llamapaedia" (On-line). Accessed February 10, 2004 at http://www.llamapaedia.com/uses/guard.html.
• T., L. 2002. "Llama" (On-line). Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/llama.htm.
• The Rolling Hills Zoo, 1991. "The Animals at the Rolling Hills Zoo" (On-line). Accessed February 06, 2004 at http://www.rhrwildlife.com/theanimals/l/llama/.
• Vaughan, T., J. Ryan, N. Czaplewski. 2000. Mammalogy. United States of America: Thomson Learning, Inc..
• Wheeler, J. C. (1995). Evolution and present situation of the South American Camelidae. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 54, 271-295.
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1992. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 1993. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World
• Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole. 2000. Common Names of Mammals of the World. xiv + 204