Halichoeres aestuaricola — Details

Mangrove Wrasse learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Frequently found over sand and mud bottoms of mangroves and estuaries but occasionally found over rocky bottoms of the marine coast. Not utilized for human consumption.
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Description

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Common names: wrasse (English), señorita (Espanol)
 
Halichoeres aestuaricola Bussing, 1972


Mangrove wrasse


Moderately elongate, compressed; enlarged canine teeth at front of both jaws (1 pair above, 2 pairs below), a canine at rear of top jaws; dorsal fin IX (rarely VIII), 11; anal rays III, 11 or 12; pectoral rays 12-14; lateral line unbroken, but abruptly bent down under rear of dorsal fin, its tubes branched, except those on tail base; lateral line with 27-28 pored scales.


IP:  mauve greyish with yellowish suffusion on middle of side; dorsal and anal fins yellowish; a black spot on middle of dorsal fin and upper base of caudal fin; TP:  grey-brown tinted with mauve; head blue grey to pinkish; most of fins yellowish, base of dorsal fin and lower one-fourth of caudal fin dusky mauve.


Size: grows to at least 30 cm.


Inhabits shallow mangrove areas and tidal creeks.



Depth: 0-5 m.

Central eastern Gulf of California to Colombia.

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Distribution

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Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Colombia.
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Range Description

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This species is found from the central eastern Gulf of California to Colombia, but the depicted range distribution is not very representative as it is restricted to mangrove and estuarine habitat (Aburto et al. 2008).
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Eastern Pacific.
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Depth

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Depth Range (m): 0 (S) - 5 (S)
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Zoogeography

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See Map (including site records) of Distribution in the Tropical Eastern Pacific


 
Global Endemism: All species, East Pacific endemic, Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic

Regional Endemism: All species, TEP endemic, Continental TEP endemic, 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic, Continent, Continent only

Residency: Resident

Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap), Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos), Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo)

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Physical Description

Morphology

Size

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Length max (cm): 22.0 (S)
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Size

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Maximum size: 220 mm TL
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Max. size

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22.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9311))
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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

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demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 5 m (Ref. 9311), usually 0 - 3 m (Ref. 9311)
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Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
This demersal species is frequently found in shallow-waters over rock, sand and mud substrate of mangroves and estuaries to depths of five m.

Systems
  • Marine
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Depth range based on 16 specimens in 1 taxon.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0.2 - 4

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0.2 - 4
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 0 - 5m.
Recorded at 5 meters.

Habitat: demersal. Frequently found over sand and mud bottoms of mangroves and estuaries but occasionally found over rocky bottoms of the marine coast. Not utilized for human consumption.
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Salinity: Brackish, Freshwater, Non Marine

Inshore/Offshore: Inshore, Inshore Only

Water Column Position: Bottom, Bottom only

Habitat: Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove), Soft bottom only, Mud, Sand & gravel, Estuary, Mangrove, Freshwater

FishBase Habitat: Demersal
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Trophic Strategy

Feeding

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Feeding Group: Carnivore

Diet: mobile benthic worms, mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs), mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves
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Life History and Behavior

Reproduction

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Egg Type: Pelagic, Pelagic larva
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2010

Assessor/s
Allen, G., Robertson, R., Barraza, E., Rocha, L.

Reviewer/s
Sadovy, Y., Craig, M.

Contributor/s

Justification
This species is endemic to the Eastern Pacific, and is restricted to estuarine and mangrove habitats. More information on the amount of habitat loss within its range, longevity and age to maturity are needed to adequately assess this species. This species may qualify for a threatened category due to estimated extensive loss of mangrove habitat and impacts on estuarine areas due coastal development and extraction. It is listed as Data Deficient.
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IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed

CITES: Not listed
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Population

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Population
There is no population information available for this species. This species is reasonably common in mangrove habitats in Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica, and fairly common in rocky habitats in estuaries in Barra de Santiago, El Salvador, and is frequently reported in studies of mangrove habitats in Colombia. However, it is considered to be uncommon in the Gulf of California.

Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats

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Data deficient (DD)
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Major Threats
Coastal development and loss of mangrove and estuarine habitat are the main threats to this species. The exact percentage of habitat loss throughout its range needs to be estimated. Currently there is no known fishery for this species.
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
There are no known conservation measures for this species. However, this species distribution falls partially into a number of Marine Protected Areas in the Eastern Pacific region (WDPA 2006). More information on this species' life history traits including longevity and age of maturity is needed to better assesss the possible impact of habitat loss on its population.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: of no interest
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