Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).
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Yano, K and S. Tanaka 1984 Review of the deep sea squaloid shark genus Scymnodon of Japan, with a description of a new species. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 30(4):341-360. (Ref. 31249)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31249&speccode=53991
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Distribution
Northwest Pacific: Suruga Bay and adjacent waters of Japan.
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Yano, K and S. Tanaka 1984 Review of the deep sea squaloid shark genus Scymnodon of Japan, with a description of a new species. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 30(4):341-360. (Ref. 31249)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31249&speccode=53991
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Range Description
Northwest Pacific: Suruga Bay, Honshu, Japan (Compagno et al. 2005).
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
bathypelagic; marine; depth range 500 - 800 m (Ref. 31249)
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Yano, K and S. Tanaka 1984 Review of the deep sea squaloid shark genus Scymnodon of Japan, with a description of a new species. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 30(4):341-360. (Ref. 31249)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31249&speccode=53991
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
Slope on or near bottom, at 450 to 830 m (Yano and Tanaka 1984, Compagno et al. 2005). The holotype was an adult male and measured 101 cm total length (TL) (Compagno in prep.). Size at maturity is apparently 126 cm for females and 89 cm TL for males. Maximum recorded size is 145.5 cm TL for a female (Yano and Tanaka 1984). Mature females measuring from 126 to 145.5 cm TL had 29 to 56 ova measuring 3 to 5 cm in diameter in their ovary (Yano and Tanaka 1984).
Systems
- Marine
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Depth: 500 - 800m.
From 500 to 800 meters.
From 500 to 800 meters.
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2009
Assessor/s
McCormack, C. & Tanaka, S.
Reviewer/s
Valenti, S.V., Gibson, C.G. & Fowler, S.L. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
The Japanese Velvet Dogfish (Zameus ichiharai) is a deepwater dogfish known only from Suruga Bay, Honshu, Japan, on the slope at 450?830 m depth. Very little is known of its biology, however, other deepwater squaloids have proved vulnerable to population collapse from overfishing (directed or bycatch) due to their limited life history characteristics. A longline fishery currently targets deepwater sharks in Suruga Bay and offshore trawlers operate within the species depth range off Japan. There are no species-specific bycatch data available to determine whether this species is taken. This species is currently assessed as Data Deficient, due to a total lack of information on population trends and capture in fisheries, despite concern that deepwater fisheries operate within its restricted known range. The species may have limiting life history characteristics, similar to other deepwater shark species, thus will not be sufficiently fecund to withstand high levels of exploitation. Reassessment should be a priority as soon as information becomes available.
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
No information available. Only known from the holotype and several paratypes (Compagno in prep).
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Data deficient (DD)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
Caught by deepset line surveys and fisheries (Yana and Tanaka 1984, Compagno et al. 2005). A localised fishery targeting deepwater sharks operates in Suruga Bay, Honshu, Japan, using bottom longlines (Compagno in prep. and S.Tanaka, per. com.). It is unknown whether this species comprises part of the catch in this fishery, but this shark is very rare (S.Tanaka pers. comm.). Given the apparent restricted range of this species, the fact that fisheries operate across its depth range may be cause for concern. Particularly as deepwater squaloids are vulnerable to population collapse from overfishing (directed or bycatch) due to their limited life history characteristics.
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Management
Wikipedia
Japanese velvet dogfish
The Japanese velvet dogfish, Zameus ichiharai, is a harmless deepwater sleeper shark of the family Somniosidae, found in the northwest Pacific from Suruga Bay and adjacent waters of Japan at depths of between 500 and 800 m. Reproduction is ovoviviparous.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2011). "Zameus ichiharai" in FishBase. February 2011 version.
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