Nocturnally active, but occurring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768, 48637). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.

Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Southeast Asia and the Marquesan and Society islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia.

Chagos, Djibouti, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania

Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa east to Society and Marquesas Islands, north to southern Japan, south to, New Caledonia and Tonga.

Dorsal spines (total): 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 9

Maximum size: 750 mm ---

75.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710))

Body elongate and sub cylindrical with small cycloid scales; head long and pointed. Mouth large and horizontal, the tip of the lower jaw protruding; intermaxilla non-protractile. Preoperculum broadly rounded. Lower limb of the first fill arch with spiny tubercles. First dorsal fin origin opposite or before the pectoral tip, the first spine shorter than the second. Color is generally blackish above and silvery below.

Nocturnally active fish, but occuring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids. Mainly nocturnal. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted in markets. Unreliable claims of ciguatera poisoning from eating this species need confirmation.

reef-associated; marine; depth range 6 - 300 m (Ref. 1602)

Depth range based on 162 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 99 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0.05 - 135
  Temperature range (°C): 22.098 - 28.199
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 9.015
  Salinity (PPS): 34.364 - 35.354
  Oxygen (ml/l): 2.975 - 4.701
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.120 - 0.760
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 12.645

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0.05 - 135

Temperature range (°C): 22.098 - 28.199

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 9.015

Salinity (PPS): 34.364 - 35.354

Oxygen (ml/l): 2.975 - 4.701

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.120 - 0.760

Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 12.645
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

Depth: 0 - 300m.
Recorded at 300 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated. Nocturnally active, but occuring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids. Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted. Reports of ciguatera poisoning need confirmation.

Nocturnally active, but occurring in large schools above lagoon patch reefs and along outer reef slopes during the day (Ref. 9768). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also on penaeid shrimps and squids.

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There are 3 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.


Download FASTA File

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 3
Specimens with Barcodes: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1

Not Evaluated

fisheries: commercial