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Gadiculus argenteus — Details

Silvery Cod learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Occurs in large schools over mud, muddy sand, gravel and rock bottoms. Feeds on small crustaceans and maybe worms. Preyed upon by other valuable fish (Ref. 1371). Spawns in the winter in the western Mediterranean and in the spring farther north (Ref. 35388).

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Distribution

Distribution

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Azores Exclusive Economic Zone, European waters (ERMS scope), Greek Exclusive Economic Zone, Israeli Exclusive Economic Zone [Mediterranean part], Portugese Exclusive Economic Zone, Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone, United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone

van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 http://www.marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1411
MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0. http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149081
Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp. http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149079
Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149024
Galil, B.; Goren, M.; Mienis, H. (2011). Checklist of marine species in Israel. Compiled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149096
Koukouras, Athanasios. (2010). Check-list of marine species from Greece. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Assembled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project. http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=142068

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Northeast Atlantic: found in the western Mediterranean and in the Atlantic around the Strait of Gibraltar and to the south along the Moroccan coast.

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Size

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Maximum size: 150 mm TL

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Max. size

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15.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371)); max. reported age: 3 years (Ref. 1371)

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Diagnostic Description

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Eyes large; mouth oblique; chin barbel absent. Color varies from pink to light brown dorsally, silvery on sides and ventrally (Ref. 1371). Scales large, silvery and easily detached. Lateral line ends in 7 open mucus grooves on the upper side of the head (Ref. 35388).

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Ecology

Habitat

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Depth range based on 11185 specimens in 2 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 9038 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): -9 - 955
  Temperature range (°C): 6.014 - 13.984
  Nitrate (umol/L): 1.737 - 16.978
  Salinity (PPS): 33.881 - 38.670
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.163 - 6.629
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.113 - 1.109
  Silicate (umol/l): 1.488 - 9.303

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): -9 - 955

Temperature range (°C): 6.014 - 13.984

Nitrate (umol/L): 1.737 - 16.978

Salinity (PPS): 33.881 - 38.670

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.163 - 6.629

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.113 - 1.109

Silicate (umol/l): 1.488 - 9.303

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

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Source: Ocean Biogeographic Information System

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Depth: 110 - 1000m.
From 110 to 1000 meters.

Habitat: pelagic.

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Environment

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pelagic-oceanic; non-migratory; marine; depth range 100 - 1000 m (Ref. 35388)

Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35388&speccode=37

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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

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The major spawning grounds are located in the western part of the Mediterranean, on both sides of the Straits of Gibraltar, in deep water.

Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Gadiculus argenteus

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

There are 2 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

CSFOM091-10|CSFOM-117|Gadiculus argenteus| ------------------------------------------CTCTATCTCGTATTTGGTGCCTGAGCCGGCATAGTCGGCACTGCCTTA---AGCCTTCTCATTCGAGCAGAGCTAAGTCAACCTGGAACACTTTTAGGAGGT---GACCAAATCTACAATGTAATCGTTACAGCACACGCCCTAGTAATAATCTTCTTCATAGTTATACCATTAATAATTGGAGGCTTCGGAAACTGACTTATCCCCCTGATG---ATCGGGGCGCCAGACATGGCCTTTCCTCGAATAAACAATATAAGCTTCTGACTCCTTCCCCCATCCTTCCTGCTCCTTCTAGCCTCTTCTGGCGTAGAGGGAGGGGTTGGAACTGGTTGAACCATCTATCCCCCTTTAGCAAGCAACCTTGCCCACGCCGGGGCCTCTGTTGATCTC---GCAATTTTTTCCCTGCACCTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTCTTGGAGCAATTAATTTTATTACCACAATTATTAACATAAAACCCCCAGCAATCACACAGTACCAAACACCCCTTTTTGTGTGGGCCGTCCTTGTAACGGCCGTTCTCCTATTACTCTCCCTGCCCGTTCTAGCCGCA---GCAATTACAATACTCCTAACTGATCGTAACCTTAACACTTCTTTCTTTGACCCTGCAGGGGGAGGAGACCCCATTCTATTCCAACACTTGTTCTGATTC----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Gadiculus argenteus

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 2
Species: 24
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Threats

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Not Evaluated

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; bait: usually; price category: Utilized as fish meal.; price reliability: very high

Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10).x+442p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 1371) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&speccode=25

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