Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Benthic on mud and sand in brackish to freshwaters, often in mangroves (Ref. 58302). Adults feed primarily on worms and other small benthic invertebrates; breeding habits are unknown (Ref. 44091).
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Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&speccode=7
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Distribution
Western Pacific.
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Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&speccode=7
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
demersal; amphidromous (Ref. 59012); freshwater; brackish; marine
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Donaldson, T.J. and R.F. Myers 2002 Insular freshwater fish faunas of Micronesia: patterns of species richness and similarity. Environ. Biol. Fish. 65:139-149. (Ref. 59012)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=59012&speccode=5153
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Migration
Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
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Donaldson, T.J. and R.F. Myers 2002 Insular freshwater fish faunas of Micronesia: patterns of species richness and similarity. Environ. Biol. Fish. 65:139-149. (Ref. 59012)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=59012&speccode=5153
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Trophic Strategy
Feeds primarily on worms and other small benthic invertebrates; breeding habits are unknown (Ref. 44091).
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Yamamoto, M.N. and A.W. Tagawa 2000 Hawai'i's native and exotic freshwater animals. Mutual Publishing, Honolulu, Hawaii. 200 p. (Ref. 44091)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=44091&speccode=290
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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