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Priacanthus macracanthus — Details

Red Bigeye learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Occurs in inshore and offshore reefs from less than 20 m to more than 400 m depths. Apparently forms aggregations in open bottom areas and is very abundant in the South China Sea and Andaman Sea. Marketed fresh, whole. Sound production has been studied in this species.

Starnes, W.C. 1988 Revision, phylogeny and biogeographic comments on the circumtropical marine percoid fish family Priacanthidae. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43(2):117-203. (Ref. 5403) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5403&speccode=1149

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Distribution

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Western Pacific: southern Japan to western Indonesia, the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819), and Australia. Reported from Peter the Great Bay (Ref. 27683).

Starnes, W.C. 1988 Revision, phylogeny and biogeographic comments on the circumtropical marine percoid fish family Priacanthidae. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43(2):117-203. (Ref. 5403) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5403&speccode=1149

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 14; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 13 - 14

Starnes, W.C. 1988 Revision, phylogeny and biogeographic comments on the circumtropical marine percoid fish family Priacanthidae. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43(2):117-203. (Ref. 5403) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5403&speccode=1149

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Size

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Maximum size: 290 mm SL

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Max. size

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30.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 48635))

Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 302 p. (Ref. 48635) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&speccode=11113

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Diagnostic Description

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Medium-sized fish of moderately deep body. The eyes large; the mouth oblique, with the lower jaw projecting upwards. The body tapers very slightly to beneath the middle of the soft portion of the dorsal fin, and then abruptly to the peduncle. This species is distinguished from P. fitchi by the presence of numerous rusty brown to yellowish spots in the membranes of the dorsal and anal fins, and its less tapered body.

Starnes, W.C. 1988 Revision, phylogeny and biogeographic comments on the circumtropical marine percoid fish family Priacanthidae. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43(2):117-203. (Ref. 5403) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5403&speccode=1149

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat

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Known from seamounts and knolls

Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145453

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Depth range based on 136 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 82 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 5 - 330
  Temperature range (°C): 14.358 - 28.749
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 16.495
  Salinity (PPS): 32.279 - 35.615
  Oxygen (ml/l): 2.849 - 4.701
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.151 - 1.452
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.897 - 25.360

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 5 - 330

Temperature range (°C): 14.358 - 28.749

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 16.495

Salinity (PPS): 32.279 - 35.615

Oxygen (ml/l): 2.849 - 4.701

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.151 - 1.452

Silicate (umol/l): 0.897 - 25.360

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

Public Domain

Source: Ocean Biogeographic Information System

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Depth: 20 - 400m.
From 20 to 400 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated. Occurs in inshore and offshore reefs from less than 20 m to more than 400 m depths. Apparently forms aggregations in open bottom areas and is very abundant in the South China Sea and Andaman Sea. Marketed fresh, whole. Sound production has been studied in this species.

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Environment

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reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 20 - 400 m

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683

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Migration

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Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683

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Trophic Strategy

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Occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf and continental slope (Ref. 75154).

Rao, T.A. 1984 On some aspects of biology of Priacanthus macracanthus (Cuvier). Indian J. Fish. 31(3):380-382. (Ref. 34221) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34221&speccode=356

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Priacanthus macracanthus

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

There are 2 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

FSCS530-07|SCSIO-Fish-Z711199|Priacanthus macracanthus| ------------------------------------------CTGTATCTAATTTTTGGGGCCTGAGCCGGCATAGTCGGCACTGCTTTA---AGCCTTCTCATCCGTGCGGAGCTTAGTCAACCAGGATCACTTCTGGGAGAT---GACCAAATTTACAATGTCATTGTAACAGCCCACGCATTTGTAATAATCTTCTTTATAGTAATACCAGTAATAATTGGGGGCTTCGGAAATTGACTGATTCCGCTAATG---ATCGGAGCACCTGATATAGCATTTCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGCTTCTGACTTCTCCCGCCTTCCTTCCTTCTTCTCCTAACCTCCTCAGCCGTAGAAGCAGGGGCGGGGACAGGGTGAACAGTTTACCCTCCACTGTCCGGCAATCTAGCCCACGCAGGAGCCTCCGTCGATCTA---GCCATCTTTTCCCTTCACCTGGCCGGTATCTCCTCAATCCTAGGGGCCATCAACTTCATTACAACAATTATTAACATGAAACCCCCTGCCATCACCCTTTACCAAACCCCTCTGTTTGTCTGAGCTGTCCTAATTACAGCCGTCCTGCTACTTCTAGCCCTCCCTGTCCTAGCTGCA---GGCATCACTATGCTCCTGACAGACCGAAACCTAAACACAACCTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGTGGGGGAGACCCAATCCTGTACCAACACCTA-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --

Download FASTA File

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Priacanthus macracanthus

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 2
Species: 26
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Threats

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Not Evaluated

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: commercial

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p. (Ref. 4931) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4931&speccode=228

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