Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Found on the upper continental and insular slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes and squids (Ref. 5213). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 21 to 22 young in a litter (Ref. 247).
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Distribution
Western Atlantic: North Carolina (U.S.A.) to northern Gulf of Mexico; southwestern Indian Ocean: South Africa and Mozambique to Aldabra and Mascarenes; Hawaiian Islands.
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Western Atlantic: North Carolina to the Florida Keys (Ref. 3814) and the northern Gulf of Mexico. Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique to South Africa; also Reunion, Comoros, and the Aldabra islands (Ref. 33390). Eastern Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Range Description
May be more widespread than presently documented. As well as those localities it has been documented from, Myagkov and Kondyurin (1986) suggested that it is also found off the east and west coasts of India and on ridges and seamounts in the Indian and South Atlantic. However, without exact locality data these records are not properly documented (Compagno in prep. a).
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Aldabra, Comores, Gulf of Mexico, Mozambique, Reunion, Seychelles, South Africa (country)
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/porifera.php?p=sourcedetails&id=145245
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World Register of Marine Species
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National Distribution
United States
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0
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Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5578&speccode=5891
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Size
Max. size
120 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 247))
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Diagnostic Description
A heavy-bodied dogfish with a blunt, rounded snout, large denticles and noticeably rough skin; body without spots; 1st dorsal fin spine behind pectoral fins (Ref. 5578). Dark grey or brown above, lighter below; white edges on fins (Ref. 5578); juveniles brown (Ref. 6577).
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Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5578&speccode=5891
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Description
Found on the upper continental and insular slopes. Feeds on bony fishes and squids (Ref. 5213). Ovoviviparous, with 21 to 22 young in a litter.
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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World Register of Marine Species
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth: 214 - 600m.
From 214 to 600 meters.
Habitat: bathydemersal.
From 214 to 600 meters.
Habitat: bathydemersal.
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Environment
bathydemersal; marine; depth range 200 - 650 m (Ref. 55584)
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Kiraly, S.J., J.A. Moore and P.H. Jasinski 2003 Deepwater and other sharks of the U.S. Atlantic Ocean Exclusive Economic Zone. Mar. Fish. Rev. 65(4):1-64. (Ref. 55584)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55584&speccode=652
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
Associated with outer continental shelves and upper continental and insular slopes of warm temperate to tropical seas. Wide bathymetric range from 73 to 600 m, which includes records from off bays and river mouths in South Africa. Biology is poorly known, although it is reported as being aplacental yolksac viviparous with a litter size of 18 to 22 young (Compagno in prep. a), but probably has a long gestation period like that of other squalid and deepwater sharks.
Life history parameters
Age at maturity (years): Unknown.
Size at maturity (total length): Female: 89 to 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a); Male: 85 to 90 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Longevity (years): Unknown.
Maximum size (total length): Female: 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Size at birth: 25 to 28 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Average reproductive age (years): Unknown.
Gestation time (months): Unknown.
Reproductive periodicity: Unknown.
Average annual fecundity or litter size: 18 to 22 pups (Compagno in prep. a).
Annual rate of population increase: Unknown.
Natural mortality: Unknown.
Life history parameters
Age at maturity (years): Unknown.
Size at maturity (total length): Female: 89 to 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a); Male: 85 to 90 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Longevity (years): Unknown.
Maximum size (total length): Female: 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Size at birth: 25 to 28 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Average reproductive age (years): Unknown.
Gestation time (months): Unknown.
Reproductive periodicity: Unknown.
Average annual fecundity or litter size: 18 to 22 pups (Compagno in prep. a).
Annual rate of population increase: Unknown.
Natural mortality: Unknown.
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 12 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 8 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 110 - 480
Temperature range (°C): 12.007 - 15.839
Nitrate (umol/L): 14.710 - 26.741
Salinity (PPS): 35.198 - 35.873
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.674 - 3.698
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.112 - 1.466
Silicate (umol/l): 6.435 - 12.691
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 110 - 480
Temperature range (°C): 12.007 - 15.839
Nitrate (umol/L): 14.710 - 26.741
Salinity (PPS): 35.198 - 35.873
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.674 - 3.698
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.112 - 1.466
Silicate (umol/l): 6.435 - 12.691
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 8 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 110 - 480
Temperature range (°C): 12.007 - 15.839
Nitrate (umol/L): 14.710 - 26.741
Salinity (PPS): 35.198 - 35.873
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.674 - 3.698
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.112 - 1.466
Silicate (umol/l): 6.435 - 12.691
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 110 - 480
Temperature range (°C): 12.007 - 15.839
Nitrate (umol/L): 14.710 - 26.741
Salinity (PPS): 35.198 - 35.873
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.674 - 3.698
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.112 - 1.466
Silicate (umol/l): 6.435 - 12.691
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Migration
Non-Migrant: No. All populations of this species make significant seasonal migrations.
Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make local extended movements (generally less than 200 km) at particular times of the year (e.g., to breeding or wintering grounds, to hibernation sites).
Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make annual migrations of over 200 km.
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Trophic Strategy
Found on the upper continental and insular slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes and squids (Ref. 5213).
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Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga 1990 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5213&speccode=151
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Ovoviviparous, with 21 to 22 young in a litter.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Cirrhigaleus asper
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Cirrhigaleus asper
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2006
Assessor/s
Herndon, A.P. & Burgess, G.H.
Reviewer/s
Kyne, P.M., Heupel, M.R., Simpfendorfer, C.A. & Cavanagh, R.D. (Shark Red List Authority)
Justification
A widespread dogfish of the outer continental shelves, upper and insular slopes at depths of 73 to 600 m. The presently known disjunct range in many ocean regions suggests that it is more widely distributed than currently recorded. Relatively common where it occurs off the Atlantic coast of the USA, but reported as rare to uncommon elsewhere. Reaches a maximum size of 118 cm total length and produces a relatively large litter size of 18 to 22 pups, but probably has a long gestation period like that of other squalid and deepwater sharks. Probably occurs as a bycatch in various demersal trawl and line fisheries throughout its range, although details are lacking and this species cannot be assessed beyond Data Deficient at the present time. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.
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National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked
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NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
Relatively common where it occurs off the Atlantic coast of the USA, but reported as rare to uncommon elsewhere (Robins et al. 1991, Compagno in prep. a).
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Data deficient (DD)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
Compagno (in prep. a) reports that this species is probably taken as bycatch in demersal trawl and deepwater longline fisheries in some parts of its range, including in the Western Atlantic and Western Indian Oceans. Though, like the bycatch of most other deepwater chondrichthyans, specific data is not available. Also reported to be occasionally caught by inshore line fisheries in the Eastern Cape, South Africa (Compagno in prep. a).
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
No current conservation actions are in place.
Like many deeper water species more information on biology, ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.
Like many deeper water species more information on biology, ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: of no interest
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Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
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Wikipedia
Roughskin spurdog
The roughskin spurdog, Cirrhigaleus asper, is a dogfish of the family Squalidae, found circumglobally between latitudes 35°N and 35°S, at depths of between 200 and 600 m. It reaches a length of 1.2 m.
The roughskin spurdog is ovoviviparous with 21 to 22 young in a litter.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Cirrhigaleus asper" in FishBase. May 2006 version.
- Compagno, Dando, & Fowler, Sharks of the World, Princeton University Press, New Jersey 2005 ISBN 0-691-12072-2
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
Names and Taxonomy
Taxonomy
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