Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Found among algae patches of coral or rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Also found in weedy bottoms (Ref. 30573). Males territorial (Ref. 9710). Edible but not tasty (Ref. 559). Female length is from Ref. 9137.
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Randall, J.E. 1986 Labridae. p. 683-706. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4392)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4392&speccode=4889
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Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to South Africa (Ref. 35918) and Papua New Guinea, north to southern Japan, south to Australia.
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Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9710&speccode=13770
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Range Description
This species is found from the Red Sea to South Africa, east to Vanuatu, north to southern Japan (Kochi Prefectory),Taiwan, and south to central northwestern Australia (Burgess and Axelrod 1974, Yogo et al. 1986, Parenti and Randall 2000).
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Kenya, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa (country)
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), Madagascar and Mauritius (Mascarenes) east to New Guinea and Vanuatu, north to southern Japan, south to northern Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia.
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 12; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9
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Randall, J.E. 1986 Labridae. p. 683-706. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4392)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4392&speccode=4889
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Size
Max. size
20.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4392)); 15 cm TL (female)
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Randall, J.E. 1986 Labridae. p. 683-706. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4392)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4392&speccode=4889
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Diagnostic Description
Males with long filaments (Ref. 1623).
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Randall, J.E. 1986 Labridae. p. 683-706. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4392)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4392&speccode=4889
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Description
Inhabits weedy, rocky reefs (Ref. 559). Edible but not tasty (Ref. 559).
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Ecology
Habitat
Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
The species is found among algae patches (especially in mixed Sargassum and seagrasses), soft corals with mixed rubble or rocky reefs (Kuiter 2002). It is seen singly in weedy rocky areas. It sleeps below large rocks and macroalgae.
The maximum recorded sizes were 20.0 cm TL (male) and 15 cm TL (female) (Randall 1986), 27 cm (TL) (Masuda et al. 1975).
The maximum recorded sizes were 20.0 cm TL (male) and 15 cm TL (female) (Randall 1986), 27 cm (TL) (Masuda et al. 1975).
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 31 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 12 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1.8 - 74
Temperature range (°C): 23.574 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.047 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 34.981 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.083 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.777 - 3.155
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1.8 - 74
Temperature range (°C): 23.574 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.047 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 34.981 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.083 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.777 - 3.155
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 12 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1.8 - 74
Temperature range (°C): 23.574 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.047 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 34.981 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.083 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.777 - 3.155
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1.8 - 74
Temperature range (°C): 23.574 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.047 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 34.981 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.083 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.777 - 3.155
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Trophic Strategy
Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154). Found among algae patches of coral or rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Also found in weedy bottoms (Ref. 30573). Present in seagrass beds at adult stage. Omnivore (Ref. 41878).
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Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen 1993 Meeresfische der Welt - GroÃ-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9137&speccode=127
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Pteragogus flagellifer
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
Download FASTA File
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
ACACGTTGATTCTTCTCGACCAATCACAAAGATATCGGCACCCTTTACCTTGTTTTCGGTGCCTGAGCCGGAATAGTTGGCACGGCCCTA---AGTCTCCTAATCCGGGCTGAACTAAGTCAACCAGGAGCCCTTCTGGGCGAT---GATCAAATTTATAACGTAATCGTTACTGCTCACGCATTCGTAATGATTTTCTTCATGGTTATACCCATCATGATTGGGGGCTTTGGAAACTGACTGATCCCCCTAATG---ATCGGGGCCCCTGATATGGCCTTCCCACGAATGAATAACATGAGCTTCTGACTACTTCCCCCTTCTTTCCTTCTCCTCCTTGCCTCCTCTGGTGTAGAAGCTGGAGCTGGAACCGGGTGAACAGTCTACCCCCCTCTTGCAGGGAACTTAGCCCATGCAGGCGCTTCTGTAGACCTA---ACAATCTTCTCACTGCACTTAGCCGGTATTTCGTCTATTCTGGGGGCAATTAACTTCATTACTACAATTATTAACATGAAACCCCCAGCAATCTCTCAATATCAAACACCTCTGTTTGTGTGGGCTGTTCTAATTACGGCGGTCCTTCTGCTTCTCTCCCTCCCAGTTCTTGCTGCC---GGTATTACAATGCTTCTAACAGACCGAAACTTGAACACAACCTTCTTCGACCCCGCAGGAGGAGGTGATCCTATTCTATACCAGCACCTTTTCTGATTCTTTGGCCATCCTGAGGTTTATATCCTTATTCTTCCCGGCTTCGGAATAATCTCCCATATCGTTGCCTACTACTCCGGCAAGAAA---GAACCTTTTGGTTATATGGGCATGGTCTGAGCGATGATGGCAATCGGACTTCTAGGCTTCATTGTATGAGCCCATCACATGTTTACAGTAGGCATGGACGTAGACACAGCAGCCTACTTTACATCAGCAACAATGATTATTGCCATTCCTACAGGAGTAAAAGTATTTAGCTGACTA---GCAACA
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Pteragogus flagellifer
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 4
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 4
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2010
Assessor/s
Sadovy, Y. & Pontillas, J.
Reviewer/s
Craig, M.T. & Carpenter, K.E.
Contributor/s
Justification
This species is widespread in a variety of habitats with no known major threats and therefore is listed as Least Concern.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
This species is common in sheltered bays (Kuiter et al. 2002). There is no population information available for this species. It is very rare in southern Japan (Masuda et al. 1975). It is rare in the Calamianes group of islands, Philippines but this may be because of its cryptic habit (Werner and Allen 2000).
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Least Concern (LC)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
There are no major threats known to this species.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are no species-specific conservation measures in place for this species. However, its distribution overlaps several marine protected areas within its range.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
aquarium: commercial
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Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210
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