Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter. Maximum length 20 cm TL (Ref. 7020).
-
Kullander, S.O. 1996 Eine weitere Ãbersicht der Diskusfische, Gattung Symphysodon Heckel. D. Aqu. U. Terr. Z., Sonderheft "Diskus". (Ref. 33249)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33249&speccode=11185
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Distribution
South America: Amazon River basin in Brazil, near the mouth of the Negro River, in the lower Abacaxis River, and in the lower Trombetas River.
-
Kullander, S.O. 2003 Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36377&speccode=6318
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Lower Rio Negro basin, Rip Ururum Rio Nhamundá and Rio Abacaxis basin, Brazil.
© FishWise Professional
Source:
FishWise Professional
Trusted
Physical Description
Size
Max. size
12.3 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 36377))
-
Kullander, S.O. 2003 Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36377&speccode=6318
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Ecology
Habitat
Environment
benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 4.2 - 6.2; dH range: 0 - 1
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Trophic Strategy
Feeds on worms, crustaceans, insects and plant matter.
-
Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7020&speccode=5247
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Diseases and Parasites
Turbidity of the Skin (Freshwater fish). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Tetrahymena Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Protopalina Symphysodonis infection. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Nematode Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Livoneca Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Ichthyouris Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51153&speccode=3
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Hole-in-the-Head Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Hexamitosis. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45600&speccode=1276
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Capillaria Infestation 4. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
-
Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51153&speccode=3
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Bacterial Infections (general). Bacterial diseases
-
Bassleer, G. 1997 Color guide of tropical fish diseases: on freshwater fish. Bassleer Biofish, Westmeerbeek, Belgium. 272 p. (Ref. 41805)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41805&speccode=10660
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Deposit several hundred eggs on stones or plants; both parents defend eggs and larvae; larvae feed on a skin mucus during their first few days.
-
Balon, E.K. 1990 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7471
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Symphysodon discus
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen. Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
Download FASTA File
There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen. Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
CTTTATCTAATTTTTGGTGCCTGAGCCGGGATAGTGGGAACAGCATTA---AGCCTGCTAATTCGAGCAGAACTCAGCCAACCCGGCTCTCTCCTCGGAGAC---GACCAGATTTATAATGTAATCGTTACTGCACACGCCTTTGTAATAATTTTCTTTATAGTTATACCCATTATAATTGGGGGCTTTGGCAACTGACTAATTCCACTCATA---ATTGGTGCCCCAGACATGGCCTTTCCACGAATAAACAACATAAGTTTCTGACTCCTACCCCCCTCATTCCTCCTTCTCCTCGCCTCCTCTGGAGTTGAAGCTGGCGCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTTTATCCCCCATTAGCAGGCAATCTAGCACACGCTGGTCCTTCAGTTGATTTA---ACCATCTTCTCCCTTCACTTGGCTGGAGTTTCGTCTATTCTCGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACTACAATTATTAACATAAAACCCCCAGCAATTTCCCAGTACCAAACGCCCCTGTTCATCTGAGCACTTTTAATCACCGCCGTCCTGCTCCTTCTGTCCCTGCCAGTTCTTGCCGCC---GGCATTACCATACTCTTGACCGAC
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Symphysodon discus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 7
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
-
IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
aquarium: commercial
-
Mills, D. and G. Vevers 1989 The Tetra encyclopedia of freshwater tropical aquarium fishes. Tetra Press, New Jersey. 208 p. (Ref. 7020)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7020&speccode=5247
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Disclaimer
EOL content is automatically assembled from many different content providers. As a result, from time to time you may find pages on EOL that are confusing.
To request an improvement, please leave a comment on the page. Thank you!
