Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

Inhabits seaward reef slopes; occasionally on shallow patch reefs (Ref. 9710). Found in large midwater aggregations feeding on plankton (Ref. 9710), small jellyfishes, pteropods, pelagic tunicates and various invertebrate larvae (Ref. 13442). Form leks during breeding (Ref. 55367). Also caught with beach nets (Ref. 5217).
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Distribution

Range Description

This species is found in the Western Atlantic from Bermuda, southern Florida (USA), and Bahamas to Venezuela and Trinidad and Tobago.
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Distribution

Gulf of Mexico
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Western Atlantic: Bermuda, southern Florida (USA), and Bahamas to northern South America.
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Physical Description

Morphology

Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 12 - 13
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Size

Max. size

30.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)); max. published weight: 320 g (Ref. 9626)
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Diagnostic Description

Moderately elongate, compressed fish with equally curved upper and lower profiles (Ref. 26938). Color primarily violet or purple; large individuals with a wash of yellow on lower two-thirds of body; prolonged portions of dorsal and anal fins and tips of pelvic fins blackish (Ref. 13442). Caudal fin emarginate in young, lunate in adults (Ref 52831).
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology
This species inhabits outer reef areas and is most common at depths of 10-30 m, although it can occur to 40 m. It feeds planktivorously in aggregations off the bottom on copepods, jellyfishes, pteropods, tunicates and larvae. Of 41 reef fish species counted as a monitoring program in the Gulf of Mexico, Flower garden reserve was the most abundant (Precht et al. 2006).

This species is a small schooling wrasse that occurs in high densities in the near-reef pelagic zones. It is protogynous, monandric (Warner and Robertson 1978). It forms leks during breeding (Allsop and West 2003). Length at sex change = 15.78 cm TL (Allsop and West 2003).

Systems
  • Marine
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Depth range based on 12 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 10 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 5 - 47.5
  Temperature range (°C): 23.714 - 27.542
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.336 - 1.844
  Salinity (PPS): 35.022 - 36.315
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.517 - 4.687
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.075 - 0.176
  Silicate (umol/l): 1.657 - 2.664

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 5 - 47.5

Temperature range (°C): 23.714 - 27.542

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.336 - 1.844

Salinity (PPS): 35.022 - 36.315

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.517 - 4.687

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.075 - 0.176

Silicate (umol/l): 1.657 - 2.664
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 1 - 40m.
From 1 to 40 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated.
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Environment

reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 40 m (Ref. 9626)
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Trophic Strategy

Cleaned by Pederson's cleaner shrimp (Periclimenes pedersoni), goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others), hogfish (Bodianus rufus), and also wrasse (Thalassoma trifasciata) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810).
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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

Forms lek during breeding (Ref. 55367). A monandric species (Ref. 55367). Length at sex change = 15.78 cm TL (Ref. 55367).
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Clepticus parrae

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species. 

 
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
 
MFLII425-07|MFL745|Clepticus parrae| ------------------------------------------CTTTACCTAGTATTCGGCGCCTGAGCAGGAATAGTCGGTACCGCACTA---AGCTTACTTATCCGGGCCGAGCTAAGCCAACCTGGGGCTCTCCTCGGAGAC---GACCAGATTTACAATGTCATCGTCACGGCGCATGCATTCGTAATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATACCAATCATGATTGGTGGCTTTGGAAACTGACTTATTCCCCTAATA---ATTGGAGCCCCCGACATAGCCTTCCCCCGAATAAACAACATAAGCTTCTGACTACTTCCACCTTCATTCCTTCTTCTACTTGCCTCTTCTGGTGTAGAAGCCGGGGCAGGGACTGGATGAACCGTCTACCCCCCTTTGGCTGGTAATCTGGCCCACGCAGGAGCCTCGGTTGACCTA---ACCATCTTCTCCCTCCACCTCGCGGGTATCTCTTCAATTTTAGGAGCAATTAATTTTATCACAACTATCATTAACATGAAGCCGCCTGCTATCTCCCAATACCAAACCCCTCTCTTTGTCTGAGCAGTCTTAATTACAGCAGTACTGCTCCTACTTTCACTTCCCGTCCTTGCTGCC---GGCATTACAATACTTTTAACAGACCGAAACCTGAACACTACCTTCTTTGACCCTGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCTATTCTGTACCAGCACCTA------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
-- end --

Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Clepticus parrae

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 4
Species: 32
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment


Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2010

Assessor/s
Choat, J.H., Rocha, L. & Craig, M.

Reviewer/s
Sadovy, Y. & Carpenter, K.E.

Contributor/s

Justification
This species is widespread in the northwestern Atlantic and is abundant. It is primarily found schooling near reefs. There are no major threats known to this species. It is therefore listed as Least Concern.
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Population

Population
There is no population information available for this species. This species is considered common throughout its range. For example, it is common in San Blas (Warner and Robertson 1978) and in the Gulf of Mexico (Precht et al. 2006).

Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats

Threats

Major Threats
There are no major threats known for this species.
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Least Concern (LC)
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Management

Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions
There are no species specific conservation measures. However, this species distribution overlaps a number of Marine Protected Areas within its range.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
  • Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210 External link.
  • Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez 1992 Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5217&speccode=7572 External link.
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