Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205).
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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Distribution
Off western Australia; possibly also Java.
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Eastern Indian Ocean: northern Western Australia and possibly Java, Indonesia.
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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FishBase
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Range Description
Recorded from the Eastern Indian Ocean off northern Western Australia, with the possibility of occurrence off Java, Indonesia.
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Physical Description
Morphology
Vertebrae: 77 - 81
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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Size
Max. size
25.8 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 45056)); 29.3 cm TL (female)
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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Diagnostic Description
Body firm fusiform, almost cylindrical. Dorsal and ventral surfaces dark; pectoral fin pale distally. Head relatively long (> 21% TL). Mouth moderate, subequal to eye length. Upper eyelid with pale naked patch. Caudal peduncle rather elongate, ca 2-2.6 times greatest horizontal length of D1 including spine about a 5th of TL. Upper teeth of mature males with 7 cusps. Denticles short, robust, arranged in regular rows. Posterior branch of flank marking truncate and merging ventrally with post-pelvic marking. Anterior part of caudal base marking very broad, enveloping ventral surface and extending onto flanks; presence of oval central caudal marking; upper caudal marking comma-shaped. Monospondylous centra 36-38 (Ref. 45056).
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
bathypelagic; marine; depth range 430 - 550 m (Ref. 45056)
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Last, P., G.H. Burgess and B. Séret 2002 Description of six new species of lantern-sharks of the genus Etmopterus (Squaloidea: Etmopteridae) from the Australasian region. Cybium 26(3):203-223. (Ref. 45056)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45056&speccode=60034
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
Recorded from the continental slope in 430 to 550 m off Australia and possibly in 120 to 200 m off Indonesia (if it occurs off Java). Maximum size at least 30 cm total length (TL). Observed males of 25.1 to 25.8 cm TL are mature. Nothing else known of its biology.
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 2 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 500 - 550
Temperature range (°C): 7.322 - 8.357
Nitrate (umol/L): 21.712 - 27.992
Salinity (PPS): 34.647 - 34.666
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.766 - 3.565
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.775 - 2.032
Silicate (umol/l): 33.674 - 47.793
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 500 - 550
Temperature range (°C): 7.322 - 8.357
Nitrate (umol/L): 21.712 - 27.992
Salinity (PPS): 34.647 - 34.666
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.766 - 3.565
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.775 - 2.032
Silicate (umol/l): 33.674 - 47.793
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 500 - 550
Temperature range (°C): 7.322 - 8.357
Nitrate (umol/L): 21.712 - 27.992
Salinity (PPS): 34.647 - 34.666
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.766 - 3.565
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.775 - 2.032
Silicate (umol/l): 33.674 - 47.793
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 500 - 550
Temperature range (°C): 7.322 - 8.357
Nitrate (umol/L): 21.712 - 27.992
Salinity (PPS): 34.647 - 34.666
Oxygen (ml/l): 2.766 - 3.565
Phosphate (umol/l): 1.775 - 2.032
Silicate (umol/l): 33.674 - 47.793
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Trophic Strategy
Found on the continental slope (Ref. 75154).
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Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen 2006 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178. (Ref. 75154)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&speccode=5803
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Etmopterus fusus
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Etmopterus fusus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2003
Assessor/s
Kyne, P.M. & Cavanagh, R.D. (SSG Australia & Oceania Regional Workshop, March 2003)
Reviewer/s
Seret, B. & Fowler, S. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
A small lantern shark currently recorded from off northwestern Western Australia on the continental slope, with the possibility of occurrence off Java, Indonesia. Although the species is known only from a few small localities, further exploratory trawls may indicate a wider distribution. Etmopterus fusus is assessed as Least Concern because there is little fishing in its known area of occurrence off Western Australia. However, deepwater trawl fisheries are expanding globally, including in Indonesian waters where its potential area of occurrence and depth range are heavily fished. These activities may place future pressure on this small species and if it is verified from the waters off Java, a higher category (of at least Near Threatened) should be considered.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
No available information on populations.
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Least Concern (LC)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
Presently only minor fishing activity in area of occurrence off Western Australia (Commonwealth managed North West Slope Trawl Fishery). The species is not targeted off Western Australia, and if captured is likely discarded (although survival rates are unknown and likely to be low from trawl captures). If the species occurs off Java, Indonesia, that area is likely to be subject to heavy trawling effort by Indonesian vessels (generally operating in less than 200 m depth which overlaps with the suspected depth range of the species off Java of 120 to 200 m). Quantitative data on Indonesian fisheries is required to assess its status in these waters if it is confirmed to be present there. Furthermore, given the global expansion of deepwater trawl fisheries additional pressure may be placed upon small and medium-sized etmopterid species in the future.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are currently no conservation actions in place for this species.
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Wikipedia
Pygmy lanternshark
The pygmy lanternshark, Etmopterus fusus, is a shark of the family Etmopteridae found in the eastern Indian Ocean from northern Western Australia and possibly Java, at depths of between 430 and 550 m. Its length is up to 26 cm.
Reproduction is ovoviviparous.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Etmopterus fusus" in FishBase. July 2006 version.
- Compagno, Dando, & Fowler, Sharks of the World, Princeton University Press, New Jersey 2005 ISBN 0-691-12072-2
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
