Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Found in various habitats from shallow algae reefs to deep offshore on soft bottom with sponges and hydroid colonies (Ref. 9002). Mostly small, secretive species, usually hiding among dense weeds (Ref. 9002). It rarely leaves its cover except to move quickly between hydrozoan colonies, but not before having a good look around first to make sure its safe (Ref. 48636).
-
Kuiter, R.H. 1993 Coastal fishes of south-eastern Australia. University of Hawaii Press. Honolulu, Hawaii. 437 p. (Ref. 9002)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9002&speccode=15126
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Distribution
Western Pacific: Indonesia to the Coral Sea, north to Guam, south to southeastern Australia. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
-
Myers, R.F. 1999 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37816&speccode=4307
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Range Description
This species is found from Indonesia to Tonga (Randall et al. 2003), north to Guam and south to southeastern Australia (Kuiter 2002).
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
Western Pacific and southeastern Indian Ocean off Australia.
© FishWise Professional
Source:
FishWise Professional
Trusted
Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9
-
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Size
Max. size
15.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9002))
-
Kuiter, R.H. 1993 Coastal fishes of south-eastern Australia. University of Hawaii Press. Honolulu, Hawaii. 437 p. (Ref. 9002)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9002&speccode=15126
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Diagnostic Description
It can be distinguished from the other species by its longitudinal lines along the body (Ref. 48636). Differs from P. cryptus and P. guttatus by having IX, 11 rather than X, 9-10 dorsal rays and males with filamentous extensions on first two rather than the first four interspinous dorsal membranes (Ref. 37816).
-
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Ecology
Habitat
Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
This species is found in various habitats from shallow coastal algae reefs to deep offshore on soft bottom with sponges and hydroid colonies (Kuiter 1993, 2006), to a depth to 18 m (M. Kulbicki pers. comm. 2008). It also occurs in sheltered reef crest with stinging hydrozoans (Aglaophenia spp) for protection (Kuiter 2002). Kuiter and Tonozuka (2001) found that it rarely leaves its cover except to move quickly between hydrozoan colonies.
It is highly variable in colour and tends to blend with habitat (Sadovy and Cornish 2000). Juveniles usually with eye-sized ocellus on gill cover, but intermittent in adults (Kuiter 2006). It is distinguished by the 9 spines in the dorsal fin (Kuiter 2002) and filaments extend from first two interspinous dorsal membranes in males (Sadovy and Cornish 2000).
It is highly variable in colour and tends to blend with habitat (Sadovy and Cornish 2000). Juveniles usually with eye-sized ocellus on gill cover, but intermittent in adults (Kuiter 2006). It is distinguished by the 9 spines in the dorsal fin (Kuiter 2002) and filaments extend from first two interspinous dorsal membranes in males (Sadovy and Cornish 2000).
Systems
- Marine
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
Depth range based on 11 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 10 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 2 - 66.9273
Temperature range (°C): 24.508 - 26.692
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.151 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 35.037 - 35.395
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.747
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.122 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.983 - 1.459
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 2 - 66.9273
Temperature range (°C): 24.508 - 26.692
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.151 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 35.037 - 35.395
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.747
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.122 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.983 - 1.459
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 10 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 2 - 66.9273
Temperature range (°C): 24.508 - 26.692
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.151 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 35.037 - 35.395
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.747
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.122 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.983 - 1.459
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 2 - 66.9273
Temperature range (°C): 24.508 - 26.692
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.151 - 1.174
Salinity (PPS): 35.037 - 35.395
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.484 - 4.747
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.122 - 0.203
Silicate (umol/l): 0.983 - 1.459
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Trusted
Trophic Strategy
Found in various habitats from shallow algae reefs to deep offshore on soft bottom with sponges and hydroid colonies (Ref. 9002). Mostly small, secretive species, usually hiding among dense weeds (Ref. 9002). It rarely leaves its cover except to move quickly between hydrozoan colonies, but not before having a good look around first to make sure its safe (Ref. 48636).
-
Kuiter, R.H. 1993 Coastal fishes of south-eastern Australia. University of Hawaii Press. Honolulu, Hawaii. 437 p. (Ref. 9002)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9002&speccode=15126
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Pteragogus enneacanthus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
Trusted
Genomic DNA is available from 2 specimens with morphological vouchers housed at Florida Museum of Natural History
© Ocean Genome Legacy
Source:
Ocean Genome Resource
Trusted
Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2010
Assessor/s
Shea, S., Liu, M., Craig, M.T. & Rocha, L.A.
Reviewer/s
Sadovy, Y. & Carpenter, K.E.
Contributor/s
Justification
This species is widespread in the western Pacific. As this is a secretive species, general abundance is unknown. It is collected for the aquarium trade and is caught in multi-species fisheries. There are no major threats known to this species. It is listed as Least Concern. However, more information on population trends and harvest level is needed.
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
In general, there is little information available on the abundance of this species across its geographic distribution. General abundance is difficult to estimate as this species is secretive and hides among algae.
It was rarely observed during an underwater census survey in the Raja Ampat Islands, Indonesia (McKenna et al. 2002).
In French-Polynesia, only one individual was counted in various UVC surveys (M. Kulbicki pers. comm. 2008 ).
It was rarely observed during an underwater census survey in the Raja Ampat Islands, Indonesia (McKenna et al. 2002).
In French-Polynesia, only one individual was counted in various UVC surveys (M. Kulbicki pers. comm. 2008 ).
Population Trend
Unknown
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
Threats
Least Concern (LC)
-
IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
© FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
Major Threats
There are no major threats known for this species, although it is collected for the aquarium trade and is utilized as food fish.
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are no specific conservation measures in place for this species. Its distribution overlaps several marine protected areas within its range.
This species was observed in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia covering 1,390,000 hectares (Bolton 2006) and Komodo National Park (Erdmann 2004). It has also been recorded from the Coringa-Herald National Nature Reserve, Queensland (Ceccarelli et al. 2008) and Cape d’ Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong (Cornish 2000), which are strict no-take marine sanctuaries.
This species was observed in the Wakatobi Marine National Park, Indonesia covering 1,390,000 hectares (Bolton 2006) and Komodo National Park (Erdmann 2004). It has also been recorded from the Coringa-Herald National Nature Reserve, Queensland (Ceccarelli et al. 2008) and Cape d’ Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong (Cornish 2000), which are strict no-take marine sanctuaries.
© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source:
IUCN
Trusted
