Aulostomus chinensis — Details

Pacific Trumpetfish learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Found in clear, shallow water (Ref. 9275), in rocky and coral areas of protected and seaward reefs (Ref. 1602, 58302, 58534, 58652). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on small fishes and shrimps (Ref. 9275). A slow-moving fish relying partly on stealth and camouflage to sneak up on unsuspecting prey. Often darts down vertically on its prey. Usually solitary (Ref. 48635).
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Description

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Common names: trumpetfish (English), trompeta (Espanol), trompetero (Espanol), pez-trompeta (Espanol)
 
Aulostomus chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766)

Pacific trumpetfish,     Chinese trumpetfish



Body very elongate, somewhat compressed; head strongly compressed; snout very long, tubular; barbel on chin; oblique mouth; no teeth on top jaw, tiny teeth on lower jaw; 1st  dorsal fin with VIII-XIII small, isolated spines; pelvic fins well behind pectorals, short but reach anus; soft dorsal and anal opposite at rear of body, fins similar in shape and relatively high at front; narrow tail base; tail fin rounded; scales small, rough.


Color variable, usually brown to grey-brown above, with diffuse pale stripes and bars on the sides; at times completely yellow.


Size: 80 cm.

Habitat: rocky reefs.

Depth: 3-120 m.

An Indo-Pacific species; the tip of Baja, Panama to Ecuador and all the oceanic islands.

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Distribution

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Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Hawaii and the Easter Island, north to southern Japan south to Lord Howe Island. Eastern Central Pacific: Panama, Revillagigedo Islands, Clipperton Island, Cocos Island, and Malpelo Island (Ref. 9275).
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Chagos, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone, Reunion, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa (country), Tanzania
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Indo-Pacific: South Africa and East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Panama, north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, Hawaiian Islands, Johnston Atoll and Easter Island, south to Western Australia at 31°52'S, New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island
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Depth

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Depth Range (m): 3 (S) - 120 (S)
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Zoogeography

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See Map (including site records) of Distribution in the Tropical Eastern Pacific


 
Global Endemism: All species, TEP non-endemic, Indo-Pacific only (Indian + Pacific Oceans), "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific), All Pacific (West + Central + East)

Regional Endemism: All species, Eastern Pacific non-endemic, Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic, Continent + Island (s), Continent, Island (s)

Residency: Resident

Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap), Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos), Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo)

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 8 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24 - 27; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 26 - 29
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Size

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Length max (cm): 80.0 (S)
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Size

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Maximum size: 800 mm TL
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Max. size

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80.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2334))
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Diagnostic Description

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Occurs in three basic color phases: uniformly brown to green, mottled brown to green, or uniformly yellow. First dorsal fin consists of a series of isolated spines, followed by a second dorsal fin consisting of rays. The second dorsal fin is shaped like the anal fin and is found directly above it. A black maxillary stripe usually present, but may be reduced; dorsal and anal fins light, but with a dark basal bar; caudal fin usually with two round black spots; a black spot at the base of each pelvic fin (Ref. 9825).
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Description

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Occurs in rocky and coral areas of protected and seaward reefs from below the surge zone to a depth of 122 m. Feeds on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 5213). A slow-moving fish relying partly on stealth and camouflage to sneak up on unsuspecting prey. Often darts down vertically on its prey. Sucks small fishes into its mouth. It can change its color pattern to blend with its surroundings. Caught with various type of artisanal gears. Occasionally consumed by the local population.
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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

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reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 122 m (Ref. 1602)
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Known from seamounts and knolls
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Depth range based on 48 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 25 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 1 - 124.5
  Temperature range (°C): 21.733 - 29.205
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.051 - 6.523
  Salinity (PPS): 33.044 - 35.711
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.215 - 4.948
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.099 - 0.824
  Silicate (umol/l): 1.186 - 5.791

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 1 - 124.5

Temperature range (°C): 21.733 - 29.205

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.051 - 6.523

Salinity (PPS): 33.044 - 35.711

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.215 - 4.948

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.099 - 0.824

Silicate (umol/l): 1.186 - 5.791
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 3 - 122m.
From 3 to 122 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated. Trumpetfish.  Ruppell, 1838 Attains 50 cm. Widespread in Indo-Pacific; extends south to East London.
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Salinity: Marine, Marine Only

Inshore/Offshore: Inshore, Inshore Only

Water Column Position: Bottom, Bottom only

Habitat: Reef (rock &/or coral), Reef only, Rocks, Corals, Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom)

FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated
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Trophic Strategy

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Occur solitarily in reef habitats, including inshore shallows and outer reefs to depths of over 100 m (Ref. 54301). Found in clear, shallow water (Ref. 9275), in rocky and coral areas of protected and seaward reefs (Ref. 1602, 58534, 58652). Feed on small fishes and shrimps (Ref. 9275). Piscivore (Ref. 57615). Slow-moving fish relying partly on stealth and camouflage to sneak up on unsuspecting prey (Ref. 54301). Often seen in the coelacanth caves in depths of 178-243 m. Adults feed on small fish but occasionally videotaped picking blobs of unidentified white plankton from swarms attracted to the mouth of the caves by the lights of the submersible (Ref. 58472).
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Feeding

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Feeding Group: Carnivore

Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs), bony fishes
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Life History and Behavior

Reproduction

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Egg Type: Pelagic, Pelagic larva
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Aulostomus chinensis

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There are 8 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

ACACGTTGACTCTTCTCTACTAACCACAAAGACATCGGGACTCTTTACCTAATCTTCGGGGCATGAGCCGCGATAGTAGGAACCGCCCTT---AGTCTTATCATCCGGGCCGAGCTTAGTCAACCAGGAAGTCTCCTGGGTAAC---GACCAGCTTTACAATGTTGTTGTAACAGCCCACGCCTTCGTTATAATCTTCTTTATAGTGATGCCAATTATAATCGGAGGCTTCGGAAATTGATTAATCCCCCTAATG---ATCGGAGCCCCCGACATGGCCTTCCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGCTTCTGACTCCTGCCCCCCTCCTTCCTCCTCCTCTTAACCTCCTCTGCGGTAGAAGCCGGGTCTGGGACCGGATGGACAGTTTACCCGCCACTAGCTGGGAACCTGGCCCACGCTGGAGCGTCCGTGGATCTG---ACCATCTTCTCGCTTCACCTCGCTGGGATTTCTTCCATCCTAGGAGCAATTAACTTTATTACAACCATTATTAACATAAAACCCCCTGCCGCCTCCCCGTACCAGCTCCCCCTATTCGTGTGAGCCGTTCTGGTTACTGCTGTGCTTCTCCTCCTCTCTCTCCCAGTCCTAGCAGCT---GGTATTACAATGCTGTTGACTGACCGAAACCTGAACACCACCTTCTTCGACCCTGCAGGGGGAGGTGATCCTATCCTATATCAGCACCTGTTCTGATTCTTCGGGCACCCCGAGGTGTATATTCTTATTCTGCCAGGGTTCGGCATGGTCTCTCATGTCGTCGCTTATTACGCAGGTAAAAAA---GAACCATTCGGGTATATGGGCATGGTCTGAGCCATGATGGCCATCGGCCTTCTCGGCTTCATTGTTTGAGCCCACCACATGTTCACAGTGGGTATGGACGTAGACACCCGGGCATACTTCACCTCGGCAACAATAATCATCGCTATCCCCACAGGAGTTAAAGTATTCAGCTGACTA---GCCACACTGCACGGGGGA---AACATTAAATGAGACACCCCCCTCCTCTGGGCCCTTGGCTTTATCTTCCTCTTCACTGTAGGAGGCCTAACAGGGATCGTACTCGCGAATTCATCCCTAGACATCATTCTTCATGACACATACTACGTAGTAGCCCACTTCCACTACGTA---CTCTCCATAGGAGCTGTCTTTGCTATCATAGCCGGTTTCGTCCACTGATTCCCCCTGTTCTCAGGCTACACCCTTCACCCAACATGAACAAAAGTTCACTTTGGGGTAATGTTTACAGGAGTTAACATAACATTCTTCCCACAGCACTTCCTAGGCCTAGCCGGAATGCCTCGA---CGATATTCGGATTACCCTGACGCCTACACC---CTCTGAAACACACTCTCCTCCCTGGGCTCCCTGGTATCCCTGATCGCAGTAATTATGTTCTTATTTATCCTTTGAGAAGCATTCACCTCAAAACGTGAGGTC---CTGTCAACAGAGATGACAACAACGAAC
-- end --

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Aulostomus chinensis

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 10
Specimens with Barcodes: 37
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation

Conservation Status

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IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed

CITES: Not listed
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Threats

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Not Evaluated
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability:
  • Miyasaka, A. 1993 A database on scientific and common names of fishes exported from Hawaii. The information was derived from the above mentioned database. A printout of the names is also available from the State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, 1151 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, Hawaii. (Ref. 5358)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5358&speccode=4306 External link.
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Wikipedia

Aulostomus chinensis

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The Chinese trumpetfish, Aulostomus chinensis, is a demersal marine fish belonging to the family Aulostomidae.

Contents

Description[edit]

Aulostomus chinensis is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 80 cm in length.[1] Its body is elongated and compressed laterally, with a long, tubular snout which has a small barbel at its inferior extremity. The protusible mouth can be extended forward to catch prey. On the top posterior part of the body, the dorsal fin is composed of two parts, the first anterior is a set of isolated spines and the second is a small ray fin. This latter fin is similar in shape to the anal fin which is just under. The pelvic fins are located in the middle of the body and are small, with one basal black spot. The compound set of the long caudal peduncle and the caudal fin is yellowish, whatever the fish coloration. At least one black spot is on the top of the caudal fin, and sometimes a sometimes a second spot occurs on the low part.[2]

The body coloration can be uniform or mottled in a range of grey, brown, or dark green. Some fish are uniformly bright yellow.[3]

A yellow Chinese trumpetfish

Distribution and habitat[edit]

This species is found in tropical and subtropical waters from the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean.[4] It lives in clear and calm waters in rocky and coral reefs from the surface to 120 m depth.[5]

Feeding[edit]

The Chinese trumpetfish feeds on small fishes and crustaceans.

Behaviour[edit]

The Chinese trumpetfish is diurnal and solitary. It is a clever stealth hunter with two techniques to catch its prey. The first is the ambush, consisting of lying in wait for a potential prey close to hard coral, black coral bush, or gorgonian. The second is the discrete tracking, where the trumpetfish stays close to some big fishes (groupers, Carangidaees...) or even turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) until it has the opportunity to approach unsuspecting prey.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lieske & Myers,Coral reef fishes,Princeton University Press, 2009, ISBN 9780691089959
  2. ^ http://doris.ffessm.fr/fiche2.asp?fiche_numero=2201
  3. ^ eol.org/pages/212622/details
  4. ^ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/1309
  5. ^ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/1309
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