Syngnathus floridae — Details

Key Dusky Pipefish learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Abundant in seagrass beds along coasts. Northern populations move offshore during colder months (Ref. 26938). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205).
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Distribution

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Western Atlantic: disjunct distribution from Bermuda and Chesapeake Bay (USA), including the northern Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the western Caribbean Sea (Ref. 37039), to Panama.
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Range Description

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Syngnathus floridae has a widespread distribution from Bermuda and Chesapeake Bay (USA), including the northern Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the western Caribbean Sea to Panama (Dawson 1982).
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Western Atlantic: disjunct distribution from Bermuda and Chesapeake Bay (USA) to northern Gulf of Mexico and Panama.
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Gulf of Mexico, North West Atlantic
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National Distribution

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United States

Origin: Native

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

Type of Residency: Year-round

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Western Atlantic.
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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal soft rays (total): 2635
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Size

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Maximum size: 250 mm TL
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Max. size

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25.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251))
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Diagnostic Description

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Preorbital bone appears as broad plate in front of eye (Ref. 26938).
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Type Information

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Paralectotype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 30773
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): S. Stearns
Locality: Pensacola, Escambia County, Florida, United States, North America
  • Paralectotype:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 133053
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): W. Schroeder
Year Collected: 1921
Locality: Virginia, Lower York River, Virginia, United States, Atlantic
  • Paratype: Herald, E. S. 1965. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series. 32 (12): 368-36.
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 218351
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): W. Schroeder
Year Collected: 1921
Locality: Virginia, Lower York River, Virginia, United States, Atlantic
  • Paratype: Herald, E. S. 1965. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series. 32 (12): 368-36.
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Holotype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 91321
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1921
Locality: Lower York River (Va.), Virginia, United States, Atlantic
Vessel: Fish Hawk
  • Holotype: Herald, E. S. 1965. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, Fourth Series. 32 (12): 368-36.
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Type for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 34989
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): D. Jordan
Year Collected: 1883
Locality: Key West, Monroe County, Florida, United States, Florida Keys, Atlantic
  • Type:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170920
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): W. Beebe & New York Zoological Society (NYZS)
Year Collected: 1931
Locality: Bermuda: Nonsuch Island, Nonsuch Island, Bermuda Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Paratype:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170917
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1930
Locality: Bermuda, Castle Harbor, Tuckerstown, Cove N. of Harbor, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Paratype:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170919
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1930
Locality: Bermuda: Nonsuch Island, Nonsuch Island, Bermuda Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Paratype:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170918
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1930
Locality: Bermuda: Nonsuch Island, Nonsuch Island, Bermuda Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Paratype:
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Paratype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170916
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1929
Locality: Bermuda: Nonsuch Island, Nonsuch Island, Bermuda Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Paratype:
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Holotype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 170915
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1929
Locality: Bermuda: Nonsuch Island, Nonsuch Island, Bermuda Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic
  • Holotype:
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Type for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 30826
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): D. Jordan & S. Stearns
Year Collected: 1882
Locality: Pensacola, Escambia County, Florida, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic
  • Type:
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Cotype for Syngnathus floridae
Catalog Number: USNM 119832
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): D. Jordan & S. Stearns
Locality: Pensacola, Escambia County, Florida, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic
  • Cotype:
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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

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demersal; marine; depth range ? - 22 m (Ref. 26938), usually ? - 4 m (Ref. 26938)
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Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
Syngnathus floridae can be found inhabiting coastal seagrass beds to a depth of 22 m. Males carry the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail.

Systems
  • Marine
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benthic
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Depth range based on 20 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 5 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0.5 - 1646
  Temperature range (°C): 4.196 - 27.173
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.463 - 23.190
  Salinity (PPS): 34.977 - 36.017
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.595 - 5.104
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.103 - 1.589
  Silicate (umol/l): 1.124 - 28.123

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0.5 - 1646

Temperature range (°C): 4.196 - 27.173

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.463 - 23.190

Salinity (PPS): 34.977 - 36.017

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.595 - 5.104

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.103 - 1.589

Silicate (umol/l): 1.124 - 28.123
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Habitat Type: Marine

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Migration

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Non-Migrant: No. All populations of this species make significant seasonal migrations.

Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make local extended movements (generally less than 200 km) at particular times of the year (e.g., to breeding or wintering grounds, to hibernation sites).

Locally Migrant: No. No populations of this species make annual migrations of over 200 km.

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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

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Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref. 205, 53335).
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Syngnathus floridae

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank.   Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen.  Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.

CCTATATCTAGTATTTGGTGCATGAGCCGGAATAGTGGGCACCGCACTTAGCCTTTTAATCCGGGCAGAACTTAGTCAACCGGGGGCCCTTCTTGGTGATGATCAAATTTATAATGTAATCGTTACAGCCCATGCTTTTGTTATGATTTTTTTCATAGTCATGCCTATCATGATTGGAGGATTTGGCAACTGATTAGTACCCCTAATGATTGGAGCCCCCGACATAGCATTCCCCCGAATGAACAACATGAGTTTCTGACTACTGCCCCCTTCCTTCTTACTCCTTCTTGCTTCCTCAGGAGTAGAGGCGGGTGCAGGCACAGGGTGAACTGTCTACCCCCCTCTCTCGGGTAATTTGGCCCATCAGGGAGCCTCTGTGGATCTAACAATCTTCTCCCTACACTTAGCAGGTGTATCCTCAATTCTAGGGGCTATTAACTTCATCACCACTATTATTAATATGAAACCCCCCTCAATCTCCCAATACCAAACACCCCTGTTTGTTTGAGCCGTACTAATCACTGCTGTGTTACTCCTCCTCTCCCTGCCTGTCTTAGCAGCCGGCATTACTATGCTTTTAACTGACCGAAATTTAAACACGACTTTCTTCGACCCTGCGGGAGGNGGTGATCCTATTCTCTACCAACATCTC
-- end --

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Syngnathus floridae

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2010

Assessor/s
Fritzsche, R., Collette, B., Nelson, J., Dooley, J., Carpenter, K., Bartnik, S., Robinson, E. & Morgan, S.K.

Reviewer/s
Collen, B., Richman, N., Beresford, A., Chenery, A. & Ram, M.

Contributor/s
De Silva, R., Milligan, H., Lutz, M., Batchelor, A., Jopling, B., Kemp, K., Lewis, S., Lintott, P., Sears, J., Wilson, P., Smith, J. & Livingston, F.

Justification
Syngnathus floridae is a very widespread species with no directed fishery and locally very abundant and therefore is of Least Concern. However, degradation of its seagrass habitat is cause for concern and should be monitored.
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NatureServe Conservation Status

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Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked

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National NatureServe Conservation Status

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United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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Population

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Population
Syngnathus floridae is reported to be abundant in Chesapeake Bay (Ripley and Foran 2006). This species is also reported to be a common in Florida Bay (Thayer et al. 1999). A study conducted in Florida Bay in 1984-1985 recorded 33.1 individuals of this species per hectare, this study was replicated in 1994-1995 and 18.6 indiviudals were recorded per hectare (Thayer et al. 1999). This decrease in the numbers of Syngnathus floridae in Florida Bay was linked to the habitat degradation of seagrass meadows.

Population Trend
Decreasing
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Threats

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Least Concern (LC)
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Major Threats
There are no known major threats for Syngnathus floridae but seagrass meadows are under a number of threats relating to water quality such as sedimentation, coastal run-off, sewage outflows, as well as habitat disturbance from boat traffic and destructive fishing activity.

This species is not known for any commercial trade.
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
There are no known species-specific conservation measures in place for Syngnathus floridae, however its distribution may cover a number of marine protected areas.

Monitoring of this species habitat is needed.
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Wikipedia

Dusky pipefish

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Dusky pipefish (Syngnathus floridae) is a species of the pipefishes, widespread in the western Atlantic from the Bermuda, Chesapeake Bay (USA), northern part of the Gulf of Mexico, Bahama, and the western Caribbean Sea to Panama in south. Marine subtropical demersal fish, which lives at the depth up to 22 m, usually up to 4 m. The maximal length of the fish is 25.0 cm.

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