Occurs on moderately deep reefs (Ref. 48242).

Tonga and Melanesia.

Western Central Pacific: Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Loyalty Islands, and Fiji. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Except those from Fiji, specimens collected are not listed as paratypes because of the difference in gill-raker counts.

Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 7; Vertebrae: 26

7.4 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 48242)); 6.21 cm SL (female)

Body moderately deep, 2.7-3.1 in SL. Head length 3.05-3.2 in SL. Posterior edge of orbit without papillae. Caudal fin deeply emarginate to lunate, the caudal concavity 1.5-2.15 in head. Males without a fleshy protuberance at front of upper lip; third dorsal spine moderately elongate, 1.6-1.85 in HL. Females in life orange-pink with a vertically elongate dusky spot on each scale dorsally on body, the spots becoming yellow ventrally. Males pink, shading to orange anteriorly and pale lavender ventrally, with a red bar on side below 8th and 9th dorsal spines, the same yellow band on the head as females but brighter and a conspicuous red spot in dorsal fin between 6th and 7th or 8th spines (Ref. 48242).

Paratype for Pseudanthias carlsoni Randall & Pyle
Catalog Number: USNM 359477
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): J. Randall
Year Collected: 1991
Locality: Fiji, Viti Levu, Reef Off Soma Soma Bay, Fiji, Fiji Islands, Pacific
Depth (m): 37 to 37

reef-associated; marine; depth range 37 - 73 m (Ref. 48242)

Depth range based on 5 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 36.9 - 70.15
  Temperature range (°C): 25.637 - 26.748
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.481 - 2.503
  Salinity (PPS): 35.031 - 35.274
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.163 - 4.603
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.095 - 0.312
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 1.600

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 36.9 - 70.15

Temperature range (°C): 25.637 - 26.748

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.481 - 2.503

Salinity (PPS): 35.031 - 35.274

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.163 - 4.603

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.095 - 0.312

Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 1.600
 
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