Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Inhabits lagoon and sheltered seaward reefs in coral rich areas (Ref. 1602, 58652). Possibly to 120 m depths. Young is more inshore on sheltered reef crests or slopes, usually amongst soft corals or stinging hydrozoans (Ref. 48635). Feeds on hard-shelled mollusks, crustaceans, and sea urchins (Ref. 27550). The species is observed to swim with a group of goatfish and change its color to resemble these fish, it then darts out from the group to catch small fish (Ref. 2334). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 9823.
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Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
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Distribution
Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Natal (South Africa), Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll and Gambier Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia and Tonga.
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Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Marshall Islands and Samoa.
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Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
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Range Description
This species is found from the Red Sea and East Africa to the Marshall Islands and Samoa, north to Taiwan and south to the Great Barrier Reef.
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Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Natal (South Africa), Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Wake Atoll and Gambier Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia and Tonga.
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 11
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Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
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Size
Max. size
40.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9823))
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Westneat, M.W. 2001 Labridae. Wrasses, hogfishes, razorfishes, corises, tuskfishes. p. 3381-3467. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9823)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9823&speccode=4844
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Diagnostic Description
Differs from the very similar C. unifasciatus by always lacking the white bar in front of the caudal base as well as the area clear of red streaks extending from the eye to just above the pectoral axis (Ref. 1602).
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Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth: 3 - 50m.
From 3 to 50 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated.
From 3 to 50 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated.
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Environment
reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 3 - 50 m (Ref. 30573)
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Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30573&speccode=17471
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
This species inhabits coral-rich areas of lagoon and sheltered seaward reefs, from three to possibly 120 m (Lieske and Myers 1994). It is solitary. Although it has been observed to swim with a group of goatfish, change its colour to resemble these fish, and dart out from the group to capture small fish (Randall et al. 1997).
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 106 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 63 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.55 - 57
Temperature range (°C): 24.633 - 29.205
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 2.007
Salinity (PPS): 32.019 - 35.547
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.130 - 4.851
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.055 - 0.415
Silicate (umol/l): 0.810 - 7.448
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.55 - 57
Temperature range (°C): 24.633 - 29.205
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 2.007
Salinity (PPS): 32.019 - 35.547
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.130 - 4.851
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.055 - 0.415
Silicate (umol/l): 0.810 - 7.448
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 63 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.55 - 57
Temperature range (°C): 24.633 - 29.205
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 2.007
Salinity (PPS): 32.019 - 35.547
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.130 - 4.851
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.055 - 0.415
Silicate (umol/l): 0.810 - 7.448
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.55 - 57
Temperature range (°C): 24.633 - 29.205
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.019 - 2.007
Salinity (PPS): 32.019 - 35.547
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.130 - 4.851
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.055 - 0.415
Silicate (umol/l): 0.810 - 7.448
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 3 - 30m.
From 3 to 30 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Cheilinus diagrammus = Cheeklined wrasse. (Lacepede, 1801) Colour reddish-brown to olivaceous, sometimes with broad white stripes on body; seven to nine diagonal maroon lines on cheek nearly at right angles to diagonal orange-red lines passing anteriorly and posteriorly from eye. Head and most of caudal fin of adults green; ability to assume a broad striped pattern. Attains 30 cm. Feeds in part on fishes. Inhabits singly coral rich laggons and sheltered seaward reefs. East Africa, to Micronesia and Samoa.
From 3 to 30 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Cheilinus diagrammus = Cheeklined wrasse. (Lacepede, 1801) Colour reddish-brown to olivaceous, sometimes with broad white stripes on body; seven to nine diagonal maroon lines on cheek nearly at right angles to diagonal orange-red lines passing anteriorly and posteriorly from eye. Head and most of caudal fin of adults green; ability to assume a broad striped pattern. Attains 30 cm. Feeds in part on fishes. Inhabits singly coral rich laggons and sheltered seaward reefs. East Africa, to Micronesia and Samoa.
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Trophic Strategy
Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154).
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Connell, S.D. 1998 Patterns of pisciviory by resident predatory reef fish at One Tree Reef, Great Barrier Reef. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 49:25-30. (Ref. 26866)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26866&speccode=5599
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Diseases and Parasites
Transversotrema Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
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Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26129&speccode=1258
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Oxycheilinus digramma
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 13 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
Download FASTA File
There are 13 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
CACCCTCTACCTTGTTTTTGGTGCCTGAGCTGGGATAGTGGGCACAGCCCTAAGCTTGCTTATTCGAGCAGAACTCAGTCAACCAGGAGCTCTTCTTGGAGACGACCAGATTTATAATGTAATCGTTACCGCCCATGCCTTCGTTATGATTTTCTTTATAGTAATGCCAATCATAATTGGAGGCTTTGGGAACTGACTTATTCCGTTAATGGTGGGAGCCCCCGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGGATAAACAATATGAGTTTCTGACTTCTACCCCCATCTTTCCTTCTCCTACTTGCCTCTTCTGGGGTAGAAGCAGGTGCCGGTACTGGATGAACAGTTTACCCCCCACTAGCGGGGAACTTAGCCCACGCCGGTGCGTCCGTAGACCTTACAATTTTCTCCCTGCACTTAGCAGGGATTTCCTCAATTCTGGGGGCCATCAATTTCATTACTACTATTATTAATATGAAGCCCCCCGCCATCACTCAGTACCAGACACCTCTGTTCGTATGGGCAGTCCTAATTACTGCAGTCCTCCTTCTCCTTTCTCTCCCTGTTTTGGCCGCTGGGATTACAATGCTCTTAACAGACCGCAACCTAAATACTACTTTCTTCGACCCGGCCGGTGGTGGGGACCCAATCCTCTACCAACATCTA
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Oxycheilinus digramma
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 6
Specimens with Barcodes: 16
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 6
Specimens with Barcodes: 16
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Genomic DNA is available from 1 specimen with morphological vouchers housed at Museum of Tropical Queensland
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2010
Assessor/s
Liu, M. & To, A.
Reviewer/s
Craig, M.T. & Carpenter, K.E.
Contributor/s
Justification
This species has a wide distribution. It prefers coral-rich areas, and is common in many parts of its range. There are no major threats known. It is listed as Least Concern.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
This species is considered to be common in many parts of its range.
Population information for this species has occasionally been recorded. For instance, from a beam trawl survey in Tanzania, the density was reported to be 0.01 individual per 1,000 m2 in seagrass bed, which is less preferred habitat for this species (Gullström 2008), from a UVC using five 20 x 1 m belt transects, six individuals with size range 6-30 cm total length were sighted (Shibuno et al. 2008), and from a dive survey in the Solomon Islands, this species was reported to be a moderately common species (Allen 2006).
In Fiji, Tonga and New Caledonia, this species was commonly recorded, 187, 242 and 769 individuals were counted in various UVC surveys (M. Kulbicki pers. comm.). However, this species is not common in French-Polynesia, only five individuals were counted (M. Kulbicki pers. comm.).
On the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, a mean density of 0.7 individuals from twenty 50 m X 5 m transects was recorded in underwater fish visual surveys (Yusuf et al. 2002).
Population information for this species has occasionally been recorded. For instance, from a beam trawl survey in Tanzania, the density was reported to be 0.01 individual per 1,000 m2 in seagrass bed, which is less preferred habitat for this species (Gullström 2008), from a UVC using five 20 x 1 m belt transects, six individuals with size range 6-30 cm total length were sighted (Shibuno et al. 2008), and from a dive survey in the Solomon Islands, this species was reported to be a moderately common species (Allen 2006).
In Fiji, Tonga and New Caledonia, this species was commonly recorded, 187, 242 and 769 individuals were counted in various UVC surveys (M. Kulbicki pers. comm.). However, this species is not common in French-Polynesia, only five individuals were counted (M. Kulbicki pers. comm.).
On the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, a mean density of 0.7 individuals from twenty 50 m X 5 m transects was recorded in underwater fish visual surveys (Yusuf et al. 2002).
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Least Concern (LC)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
There are no major threats to this species. This species is not considered as a food fish in Taiwan (Shao 2005), however, it may be utilized in subsistence fisheries. This species was reported to be collected for the aquarium trade in Mozambique (Whittington et al. 2000).
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are many marine protected areas throughout the distribution of this species. For example, it is known that this species occurs within the Kenting National Park of Taiwan (Shao 2005). However, specific management on this species is largely lacking throughout its range of occurrence.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210
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Gomon, M.F. and J.E. Randall 1984 Labridae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5374)
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Wikipedia
Oxycheilinus digramma
Oxycheilinus digramma (Cheeklined wrasse) is a fairly large fish species of the family Labridae.
Contents |
Size and appearance
The fish grows to a length of about 40 centimeters. The side of the fish's head has horizontal stripes while the front of the head has red spots. Coloring of the fish varies from pale gray to purple. Aquarium specimens are less tense than their wild counterpart.[1]
Habitat
Oxycheilinus digramma live in coral reefs, sheltered inland areas, and lagoons possibly at a depth of 120 meters.[2]
Diet
This species of fish eat sea urchins, molluscs, and crustaceans. A hunting technique of this species it to use other fish as a moving blind to approach its prey.[1]
References
- ^ a b Michael, Scott (March 2004). "Aquarium Fish: The Cheeklined Maori Wrasse, Cheilinus diagrammus". Advanced Aquarist. http://www.advancedaquarist.com/2004/3/fish. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- ^ "Oxycheilinus digramma (Lacepède, 1801)". Fish Base. http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Oxycheilinus&speciesname=digramma. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
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