Anchoa mundeola — Details

False Panama Anchovy learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Description

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Common names: anchovy (English), anchoa (Espanol)
 
Anchoa mundeola (Gilbert & Pierson in Jordan & Evermann, 1898)

False Panama anchovy



Moderately deep, compressed; snout short, pointed; top jaw medium length, reaching mid interopercle, tip bluntly pointed; membrane between gill covers not expanded at rear; third gill arch with a few short rakers on its rear face; 21-25 lower gill rakers; no large canine teeth; dorsal fin origin in mid-body; anal fin base long, 27-33 rays, origin usually just behind origin of dorsal fin; pectorals long, reaching base of pelvics; tips of pelvics not reaching under origin of dorsal fin.

Silver stripe along flank narrow, ~ ½ eye diameter wide.

Size: 16 cm.

Habitat: marine, coastal pelagic, tolerates lower salinities.

Depth: 0-10 m?

Southern Gulf of California to Colombia.

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Biology

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The habitat and biology is probably similar to A. panamensis. In the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, A. mundeola was noted to occur only in the northern part where salinities are generally lower.
  • Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4 External link.
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Size ranges from 2 cm (0.79 in) to 40 cm (16 in) in adult length.
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchovy
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Distribution

Range Description

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This species is distributed over the tropical eastern Pacific, from the southern Gulf of California to Colombia.
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Depth

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Depth Range (m): 0 (G) - 10 (G)
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Zoogeography

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See Map (including site records) of Distribution in the Tropical Eastern Pacific


 
Global Endemism: All species, East Pacific endemic, Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic

Regional Endemism: All species, TEP endemic, Continental TEP endemic, 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic, Continent, Continent only

Residency: Resident

Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap), Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos), Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo)

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Eastern Central Pacific: Sonora, Mexico to Panama Bay. Misidentified as Anchoa panamensis which occurs only in Panama Bay, thus most Anchoa panamensis records north of the Bay will refer to Anchoa mundeola.
  • Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4 External link.
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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 27 - 33
  • Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4 External link.
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Size

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Length max (cm): 16.0 (S)
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Size

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Maximum size: 125 mm SL
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Max. size

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12.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 189))
  • Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4 External link.
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Diagnostic Description

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Body moderately deep. Snout pointed, about 1/2 to 3/4 eye diameter; maxilla moderate, tip somewhat bluntly pointed, reaching to middle of inter-operculum; gill cover canals of panamensis-type. Anal fin long, its origin under anterior rays of dorsal fin (occasionally just in front). A narrow silver stripe along flank, less than eye diameter.
  • Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 2 - Engraulididae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=189&speccode=4 External link.
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Type Information

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Paralectotype for Anchoa mundeola
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): C. Gilbert
Locality: Panama: Panama City, Panama Province, Panama, Pacific
  • Paralectotype: Gilbert & Pearson. 1898. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. No. 47: 2812.
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Paralectotype; Syntype for Anchoa mundeola
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): C. Gilbert
Locality: Panama: Panama City., Panama Province, Panama, Pacific
  • Paralectotype: Gilbert & Pearson. 1898. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. No. 47: 2812.; Syntype: Gilbert & Pearson. 1898. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. No. 47: 2812.
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
The habitat and biology of this species is probably similar to Anchoa panamensis. It is found to 10 m. This is a coastal pelagic fish that enters bays and tolerates lower salinities. In the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, A. mundeola was noted to occur only in the northern region, where salinities are generally lower (Palacios and Phillips 1984). This species feeds on zooplankton, and has pelagic eggs and larvae.

Systems
  • Freshwater
  • Marine
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Depth range based on 2 specimens in 1 taxon.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 1.5 - 27.5

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 1.5 - 27.5
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Habitat

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Salinity: Marine, Brackish, Freshwater

Inshore/Offshore: Inshore, Inshore Only

Water Column Position: Surface, Near Surface, Water column only

Habitat: Estuary, Freshwater, Water column

FishBase Habitat: Pelagic
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Environment

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pelagic-neritic; brackish; marine
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Trophic Strategy

Feeding

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Feeding Group: Planktivore

Diet: phytoplankton, zooplankton, pelagic fish eggs, pelagic fish larvae
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Life History and Behavior

Reproduction

Reproduction

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Egg Type: Pelagic, Pelagic larva
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2010

Assessor/s
Iwamoto, T., Eschmeyer, W., Alvarado, J., Bussing, W.

Reviewer/s
Carpenter, K., Polidoro, B., Livingstone, S. (Global Marine Species Assessment Team)

Justification
This species has a wide distribution, no major threats, and occurs in Marine Protected Areas. Therefore, this species is listed as Least Concern.
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Conservation status

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IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed

CITES: Not listed
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Population

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Population
This is not a common species in Costa Rica. No population data is available for this species.

Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats

Threats

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Major Threats
There are no major threats known for this species. There are no known commercial uses for this species. Individuals taken in artisanal fisheries are consumed by local communities (salted/dryed).
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Least Concern (LC)
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
There are no known conservation measures for this species. However, this species' distribution includes a number of Marine Protected Areas in the central tropical eastern Pacific region. More information/research about the possible environmental and human impacts that may affect its survival are needed.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: of no interest
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