Psammobatis scobina — Details

Raspthorn Sand Skate learn more about names for this taxon

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Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 5.2 cm long and 3.1 cm wide (Ref. 41249).
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Distribution

Range Description

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Presently known only from the Southeast Pacific off Chile. It possible occurrence in the western part of the Falkland Islands requires examination (J. Pompert pers. comm).
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Southeast Pacific: Chile. Southwest Atlantic: Uruguay to Argentina (Ref. 58839).
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
A poorly known sandskate recorded from the continental shelf and upper slope at depths of 40 to 450 m (McEachran 1983). Little information available on the biology or ecology of the species. Reaches 49 cm TL (McEachran 1983) and like other skates is oviparous.

Systems
  • Marine
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Depth range based on 122 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 74 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 28 - 695
  Temperature range (°C): 3.724 - 22.261
  Nitrate (umol/L): 2.475 - 23.460
  Salinity (PPS): 32.324 - 35.856
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.098 - 6.917
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.373 - 1.964
  Silicate (umol/l): 2.217 - 12.087

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 28 - 695

Temperature range (°C): 3.724 - 22.261

Nitrate (umol/L): 2.475 - 23.460

Salinity (PPS): 32.324 - 35.856

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.098 - 6.917

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.373 - 1.964

Silicate (umol/l): 2.217 - 12.087
 
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Depth: 40 - 450m.
From 40 to 450 meters.

Habitat: demersal.
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Environment

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demersal; marine; depth range 40 - 450 m (Ref. 27092)
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Life History and Behavior

Life Cycle

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Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2007

Assessor/s
Lamilla, J.

Reviewer/s
Kyne, P.M. & Valenti, S.V. (Shark Red List Authority)

Justification
A small poorly known skate of the continental shelf and upper slope (depths of 40 to 450 m) off Chile from Coquimbo to the Straits of Magellan. Its maximum reported size is 49 cm TL and nothing is known of its biology. Taken as bycatch in benthic trawl fisheries for teleosts (kingclipfish and hake) and for deepsea crustaceans, where it is discarded. Bycatch levels need to be monitored and research undertaken to determine the biology and ecology of the species, in order to assess the species' conservation status beyond Data Deficient.
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Population

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Population
Unknown.

Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats

Threats

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Major Threats
This species is taken as bycatch in benthic trawl fisheries for kingclipfish Genypterus blacodes and southern hake Merluccius australis. In a benthic trawl fishery cruise off Guafo Island, Chile, approximately 10% of total skates captured were Psammobatis species (P. normani, P. rudis and P. scobina). These were all discarded (J. Lamilla unpub. data). Psammobatis scobina is also taken as negligible component of bycatch in deepsea crustacean trawl fisheries for yellow squat lobster Cervimunida johni and deepsea shrimp Heterocarpus reedi (Acuña and Villarroel 2002).
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Data deficient (DD)
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
Like many other South American skates, further research is required to ascertain the species' biology, ecology and levels of bycatch.
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