Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

Oceanic and mesopelagic, found in the upper 200 m at night but deeper in the region of Subtropical Convergence (Ref. 4066). Feeds mainly on Euphausia superba; also takes copepods (Euchaeta antarctica, Rhincalanus gigas), amphipods (Primno macropa, Themisto gaudichaudii) and the euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura.
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Distribution

Cosmopolitan in Southern Hemisphere.
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Generally ranges between the coasts of Antarctic and 33°S (south-western Atlantic Ocean sector), 46°S (Indian Ocean sector between 50°-71°E), and about 46°S (Pacific Ocean sector off Chile).
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Physical Description

Morphology

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 17; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 16 - 20
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Size

Maximum size: 132 mm SL
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Max. size

13.2 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5182))
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Type Information

Type for Myctophum braueri Gilbert
Catalog Number: USNM 51527
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Preparation: Illustration
Year Collected: 1902
Locality: Between Honolulu and Kauai Island, Oahu, Hawaii, United States, Hawaiian Islands, Pacific
Vessel: Albatross
  • Type: Gilbert, C. H. 1905. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. 23 (for 1903): 599.
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Paratype for Myctophum braueri Gilbert
Catalog Number: USNM 51537
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1902
Locality: West of Niihau, Hawaii, Niihau, Hawaii, United States, Hawaiian Islands, Pacific
Depth (m): 4625 to 4625
Vessel: Albatross
  • Paratype: Gilbert, C. H. 1905. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. 23 (for 1903): 599.
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Paratype for Myctophum braueri Gilbert
Catalog Number: USNM 51526
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1902
Locality: West of Niihau, Hawaii, Niihau, Hawaii, United States, Hawaiian Islands, Pacific
Vessel: Albatross
  • Paratype: Gilbert, C. H. 1905. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. 23 (for 1903): 599.
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Paratype for Myctophum braueri Gilbert
Catalog Number: USNM 51525
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Year Collected: 1902
Locality: S. of Lanai Island, W of Kahoolawe, Hawaii, Lanai, Hawaii, United States, Hawaiian Islands, Pacific
Vessel: Albatross
  • Paratype: Gilbert, C. H. 1905. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission. 23 (for 1903): 599.
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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

bathypelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range ? - 2700 m (Ref. 58018)
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Depth range based on 307 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 293 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0 - 4625
  Temperature range (°C): -1.176 - 6.592
  Nitrate (umol/L): 19.196 - 39.220
  Salinity (PPS): 33.672 - 34.816
  Oxygen (ml/l): 3.612 - 8.084
  Phosphate (umol/l): 1.450 - 2.635
  Silicate (umol/l): 7.177 - 153.933

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0 - 4625

Temperature range (°C): -1.176 - 6.592

Nitrate (umol/L): 19.196 - 39.220

Salinity (PPS): 33.672 - 34.816

Oxygen (ml/l): 3.612 - 8.084

Phosphate (umol/l): 1.450 - 2.635

Silicate (umol/l): 7.177 - 153.933
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Migration

Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
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Trophic Strategy

Oceanic and mesopelagic, found in the upper 200 m at night but deeper in the region of Subtropical Convergence (Ref. 4066). Feeds mainly on Euphausia superba; also takes copepods (Euchaeta antarctica, Rhincalanus gigas), amphipods (Primno macropa, Themisto gaudichaudii) and the euphausiid Thysanoessa macrura.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Gymnoscopelus braueri

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


There are 16 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank.  Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species.  See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

CCTTTATTTAGTATTCGGTGCCTGAGCAGGCATAGTAGGAACTGCTCTTAGCCTTCTCATTCGAGCTGAGGTTAGCCAACCTGGAGCCCTCCTTGGGGACGACCAGATTTATAACGTAATCGTAACAGCTCACGCCTTCGTAATAATCTTCTTTATGGTAATGCCTATTATAATCGGTGGATTTGGAAACTGACTAATTCCCCTTATGATCGGGGCCCCCGATATAGCATTCCCACGAATGAATAACATGAGCTTCTGACTCCTCCCTCCCTCTTTCCTTCTCCTCCTAGCCTCCTCCGGCGTAGAAGCTGGGGCTGGTACTGGTTGAACCGTTTATCCCCCACTTGCTGGCAACCTGGCCCACGCCGGGGCTTCCGTGGACCTAACAATTTTCTCGCTTCACCTGGCAGGTGTGTCTTCAATTCTGGGAGCAATCAACTTCATTACGACCATTATTAATATGAAGCCCCCTGCGATTACTCAGTACCAAACTCCACTATTTGTTTGGGCAGTATTAATTACAGCCGTACTCCTTCTCCTTTCCCTTCCCGTCCTGGCTGCCGGCATCACGATGCTCCTGACAGACCGTAATCTAAATACTACCTTCTTCGACCCTGCGGGAGGAGGGGACCCCATCCTTTACCAACACTTA
-- end --

Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Gymnoscopelus braueri

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 13
Specimens with Barcodes: 26
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation

Threats

Not Evaluated
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

fisheries: minor commercial; price category: high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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