Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
A little known inshore and offshore shark found on continental and insular shelves (Ref. 244). Found to depths of at least 36 m (Ref. 9997). Probably feeds on fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans (Ref. 6871). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Commonly caught by inshore demersal gillnet fisheries, especially off Java (Ref.58048). Utilized fresh and probably dried salted for human consumption (Ref. 244). Also used for fishmeal (Ref. 9997) and fins (Ref.58048). Minimum depth from Ref. 58018.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&speccode=763
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Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf east to Thailand, Indonesia, China, and Japan. Recorded from the Gulf of Carpentaria (Ref. 6871) and Palau (Ref. 244). This species is very close to Rhizoprionodon taylori, but is geographically separated from it (Ref. 244).
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Carcharhinidae. Requiem sharks. p. 1312-1360. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9997)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9997&speccode=860
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Range Description
This species occurs from the Arabian Gulf to the Gulf of Carpentaria in northern Australia and possibly southern Japan in inshore continental shelf waters.
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Seychelles
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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World Register of Marine Species
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Carcharhinidae. Requiem sharks. p. 1312-1360. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9997)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9997&speccode=860
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Size
Max. size
70 cm TL (female)
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&speccode=763
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Diagnostic Description
Position of anal fin origin well in front of second dorsal fin origin, long labial furrows, and short pectoral fins (Ref. 37816).
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Carcharhinidae. Requiem sharks. p. 1312-1360. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9997)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9997&speccode=860
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Description
Found on the continental and insular shelves. Common inshore and offshore. Viviparous, with 3 to 5 young per litter. Size at birth between 21 and 26 cm. Probably dried salted for human consumption.
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Type Information
Holotype for Rhizoprionodon oligolinx Springer
Catalog Number: USNM 196799
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): Thai Fishermen
Year Collected: 1961
Locality: Gulf of Thailand: Trat Province, ca 2-3 mi Offshore W & WSW of Goh Chang., Trat Province, Thailand, Pacific
Catalog Number: USNM 196799
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): Thai Fishermen
Year Collected: 1961
Locality: Gulf of Thailand: Trat Province, ca 2-3 mi Offshore W & WSW of Goh Chang., Trat Province, Thailand, Pacific
- Holotype: Springer, V. G. 1964. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 115 (3493): 621, figs. 12, 13; pl. 2c; tables 1-38.
© Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
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Paratype for Rhizoprionodon oligolinx Springer
Catalog Number: USNM 175349
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): K. Jayaram
Year Collected: 1952
Locality: India, Ouilon Travancore State, Kerala, India, Indian
Catalog Number: USNM 175349
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): K. Jayaram
Year Collected: 1952
Locality: India, Ouilon Travancore State, Kerala, India, Indian
- Paratype: Springer, V. G. 1964. Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 115 (3493): 621, figs. 12, 13; pl. 2c; tables 1-38.
© Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
reef-associated; marine; depth range 0 - 36 m (Ref. 9997)
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Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Carcharhinidae. Requiem sharks. p. 1312-1360. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9997)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9997&speccode=860
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
The biology of this species is poorly known. However, it is likely to have a life history very similar to the Australian sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon taylori) which grows to a similar size and has a similar appearance. It is a small shark born at 21 to 26 cm, mature at 35 to 40 cm, and grows to around 70 cm (Last and Stevens 1994). Mature females produce litters of 3 to 5 young, presumably every year (Compagno 1984). Assuming that the life history is similar to that of R. taylori it is assumed to be productive and able to sustain relatively high levels of fishing pressure.
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 3 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 1 sample.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1.22 - 50
Temperature range (°C): 29.003 - 29.003
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.114 - 0.114
Salinity (PPS): 34.179 - 34.179
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.522 - 4.522
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.111 - 0.111
Silicate (umol/l): 1.684 - 1.684
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1.22 - 50
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 1 sample.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1.22 - 50
Temperature range (°C): 29.003 - 29.003
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.114 - 0.114
Salinity (PPS): 34.179 - 34.179
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.522 - 4.522
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.111 - 0.111
Silicate (umol/l): 1.684 - 1.684
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1.22 - 50
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Trophic Strategy
A little known inshore and offshore shark found on continental and insular shelves. Found to depths of at least 36 m. Probably feeds on fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=244&speccode=763
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Viviparous, placental (Ref. 50449). With 3 to 5 young per litter (Ref. 244, 37816). Size at birth 20-30 cm TL (Ref. 9997, 37816). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Rhizoprionodon oligolinx
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 22
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 22
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2003
Assessor/s
Simpfendorfer, C.A. (SSG Australia & Oceania Regional Workshop, March 2003)
Reviewer/s
Fowler, S. & Cavanagh, R.D. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
This is an abundant inshore species across southern Asia, from the Arabian Gulf at least to northern Australia, possibly southern Japan. It is exploited by artisanal, subsistence and commercial fisheries throughout its range, including gillnet, trawl and longline fisheries. In parts of its range exploitation rates are relatively high. However, it is assumed to have a productive life history, like those of better-known species in this genus which enables it to sustain relatively high levels of fishing pressure.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
There are little or no data available on population size anywhere within its range, and there are no indices of trends in population abundance. It is known only from a limited number of specimens from northern Australia, where it is probably rare, and may be a stray from Indonesian waters.
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Least Concern (LC)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
This species is probably exploited by inshore artisanal, subsistence and commercial fisheries through most of its range. Manjaji (2002) reported it from fish markets in Sabah. No data are available on the magnitude of catches or the impact of fishing on the populations.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are currently no conservation measures in place for this species.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: commercial
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Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
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Wikipedia
Grey sharpnose shark
The grey sharpnose shark, Rhizoprionodon oligolinx, is a requiem shark of the family Carcharhinidae, found in the tropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific Oceans between latitudes 30° N and 18° S, from the surface to 36 m. Its length is up to about 70 cm.
It is fished in the Gazetteer Indo-West Pacific and the waters from the Persian Gulf east to Thailand, Indonesia, China, and Japan. It has also been found in the Gulf of Carpentaria and Palau. In appearance and size, this species is very close to Rhizoprionodon taylori.
The diet of the grey sharpnose shark consists of crustaceans, fishes, and cephalopods.
It is commonly caught by inshore demersal gillnet fisheries, especially off Java for fish meal and its fins. It is also killed for human consumption, fresh or dried salted.
It is considered harmless to people.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Rhizoprionodon oligolinx" in FishBase. May 2006 version.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
