Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Found on the continental slope. Probably feeds on small bottom invertebrates and fishes. Ovoviviparous.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Distribution
Azores Exclusive Economic Zone, European waters (ERMS scope), Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone, United Kingdom Exclusive Economic Zone
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van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374
http://www.marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1411
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MEDIN (2011). UK checklist of marine species derived from the applications Marine Recorder and UNICORN, version 1.0.
http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149081
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Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149079
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Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149024
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World Register of Marine Species
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Eastern Atlantic: Atlantic slope from Scotland to Senegal.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Range Description
Northeast Atlantic: along the Atlantic Slope from Scotland (including the northern North Sea), to Ireland, southern England, France, Spain, Portugal, Madeira, the Canary Islands, the Azores (Compagno in prep, Azevedo, Sousa and Brum 2003). Also recently reported from the Mid-Atlantic ridge (Hareide and Garnes 2001).
Eastern Central Atlantic: Morocco, Mauritania, Sahara, Senegal, and possibly southwards to the Gulf of Guinea. Not recorded in the Mediterranean (Compagno in prep).
Based on the presence of this species in the Azores and Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a bathybenthic habitat has been suggested, with spring reproductive migrations to the continental shelf. This represents a significant westward extension of its previously known geographic distribution. It is possible that O. paradoxus is continuously distributed along the north-eastern Atlantic floor, deeper than presently known. Alternatively, separate slope and ridge populations may exist (Azavedo et al. 2003).
Eastern Central Atlantic: Morocco, Mauritania, Sahara, Senegal, and possibly southwards to the Gulf of Guinea. Not recorded in the Mediterranean (Compagno in prep).
Based on the presence of this species in the Azores and Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a bathybenthic habitat has been suggested, with spring reproductive migrations to the continental shelf. This represents a significant westward extension of its previously known geographic distribution. It is possible that O. paradoxus is continuously distributed along the north-eastern Atlantic floor, deeper than presently known. Alternatively, separate slope and ridge populations may exist (Azavedo et al. 2003).
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Eastern North Atlantic: Scotland and northwestern North Sea south to Senegal.
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Physical Description
Size
Max. size
120 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 35388))
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Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35388&speccode=37
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
bathydemersal; marine; depth range 265 - 720 m (Ref. 35388)
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Muus, B.J. and J.G. Nielsen 1999 Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Denmark. 340 p. (Ref. 35388)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35388&speccode=37
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
An uncommon deepwater bottom shark found on the continental slope at depths from 265–720 m. Its maximum size is about 118 cm total length (TL), while size at birth about 25 cm TL. Reproduction is ovoviviparous.
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 5 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 4 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 91 - 637
Temperature range (°C): 8.139 - 10.187
Nitrate (umol/L): 8.645 - 13.217
Salinity (PPS): 35.260 - 35.453
Oxygen (ml/l): 5.836 - 6.096
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.722 - 0.887
Silicate (umol/l): 3.062 - 6.414
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 91 - 637
Temperature range (°C): 8.139 - 10.187
Nitrate (umol/L): 8.645 - 13.217
Salinity (PPS): 35.260 - 35.453
Oxygen (ml/l): 5.836 - 6.096
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.722 - 0.887
Silicate (umol/l): 3.062 - 6.414
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 4 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 91 - 637
Temperature range (°C): 8.139 - 10.187
Nitrate (umol/L): 8.645 - 13.217
Salinity (PPS): 35.260 - 35.453
Oxygen (ml/l): 5.836 - 6.096
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.722 - 0.887
Silicate (umol/l): 3.062 - 6.414
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 91 - 637
Temperature range (°C): 8.139 - 10.187
Nitrate (umol/L): 8.645 - 13.217
Salinity (PPS): 35.260 - 35.453
Oxygen (ml/l): 5.836 - 6.096
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.722 - 0.887
Silicate (umol/l): 3.062 - 6.414
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 265 - 720m.
From 265 to 720 meters.
Habitat: bathydemersal. Found on the continental slope. Probably feeds on small bottom invertebrates and fishes. Ovoviviparous.
From 265 to 720 meters.
Habitat: bathydemersal. Found on the continental slope. Probably feeds on small bottom invertebrates and fishes. Ovoviviparous.
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Trophic Strategy
Probably feeds on small bottom invertebrates and fishes.
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Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 247)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=247&speccode=88
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Oxynotus paradoxus
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Oxynotus paradoxus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 4
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
DD
Data Deficient
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2009
Assessor/s
Soldo, A. & Freitas, M.
Reviewer/s
Dudley, S., Valenti, S.V. & Fowler, S.L. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s
Justification
The Sailfin Roughshark (Oxynotus paradoxus) is an uncommon deepwater bottom shark found at depths from 265–720 m. The species reaches a maximum reported size of up to 118 cm total length. Moderately abundant in deeper offshore waters off the British Isles. The species is probably taken as bycatch of offshore trawling fleets but no information is available on frequency. The species’ known depth range is entirely within the range of deepwater fisheries operating in the Northeast Atlantic, although the Mid-Atlantic ridge and southern part of its range probably offer some refuge from fishing pressure. Furthermore, it is possible that the Sailfin Roughshark is continuously distributed along the northeast and eastern central Atlantic floor, deeper than presently known. Alternatively, separate slope and ridge populations may exist. Given the paucity of information available on this species it is assessed as Data Deficient. Research is needed to better define the distribution, population structure and the impact of fisheries on the species.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
Moderately abundant off the British Isles. Catches in the waters of the British Isles indicate that O. paradoxus is rare in inshore waters (three individuals were reported from Irish inshore waters by Quigley and Flannery 1994), but numerous others have been caught in deeper offshore waters (Ni Mhurachu and O’Connor 1987, Henderson 1996, Quigley and Flannery 1996).
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Data deficient (DD)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
This species is an uncommon bycatch of offshore trawling fleets (Compagno 1984). There is a continuing trend for deepwater fisheries in the northeast Atlantic, with overall concern for the status of deepwater species. Trawl and gillnet fisheries operate throughout the species’ known depth range in areas of the northeast Atlantic (see ICES 2006, 2007 for further information on the fisheries), but no information is available on the bycatch of this species.
The Mid-Atlantic ridge and southern part of the species’ range, off the western Africa coast, may offer some refuge from fishing pressure, particularly if the species’ is continuously distributed along the northeast and Eastern Central Atlantic floor, deeper than presently known.
The Mid-Atlantic ridge and southern part of the species’ range, off the western Africa coast, may offer some refuge from fishing pressure, particularly if the species’ is continuously distributed along the northeast and Eastern Central Atlantic floor, deeper than presently known.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
No measures are in place. Further research is required to determine the true extent of the range of the species. Like many poorly known deepwater species, research is also required into life history characteristics.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: minor commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability:
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Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
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