The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Atlantic Edge, 2001. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.atlanticedge.com/vila/spot.html.
• Bailly, N. (2012). Leiostomus xanthurus. In: Nicolas Bailly (2012). FishBase. Accessed through: Nicolas Bailly (2012). FishBase at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=159322 on 2012-05-23
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W. C., 1953; Robins, C. R. and G. C. Ray, 1986; Sasaki, K., S. Hosoya and S. Watanabe, 1989.
• Bigelow, H.B., and W.C. Schroeder. 1953. Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv. Fish. Bull. 74:1-577.
• Bullock, W.L. 1957. The acanthocephalan parasites of the fishes of the Texas coast. Publ. Inst. Mar. Sci. Univ. Texas 4:278-283.
• Burton, D.T. 1979. Ventilation frequency compensation responses of three eurythermal estuarine fish exposed to moderate temperature increases. J. Fish Biol. 15:589-600.
• Burton, D.T., L.B. Richardson, and C.J. Moore. 1980. Effect of oxygen reduction rate and constant low dissolved oxygen concentrations on two estuarine fish. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 109:552-557.
• Chao, L.N. 1978 Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
• Chao, L.N., 1978 Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome.
• Chao, L.N., and J.A. Musick. 1977. Life history, feeding habits, and functional morphology of juvenile sciaenid fishes in the York River estuary. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 75:657-702.
• Chesapeake Bay Program, November 7, 2000. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.chesapeakebay.net/info/spot.cfm.
• Das (1994) Age determination and longevity in fishes. Gerontology, 40:70-96.
• Dawson, C.E. 1958. A study of the biology and life history of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede, with special reference to South Carolina. S.C. Wildl. Mar. Res. Dep. Contrib. Bears Bluff Lab. No. 28. 48 pp.
• DeVries, D.A. 1982. Age and growth of spot in North Carolina. Northeast Fish Widl. Conf., April 13-15, 1982 Cherry Hill, NJ (Abstract).
• EarthMax Development, LLC, 2000. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at www.insideflagler.com/fishing/species_spot.htm.
• Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
• Florida Caribbean Science Center, May 22, 2000. "Leiostomus xanthurus" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://nas.er.usgs.gov/fishes/accounts/sciaenid/le_xanth.html.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p. (Ref. 4931)
• Govoni, J.J. 1983. Helminth parasitism of three larval fishes in the northern Gulf ofMexico. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 81:895-898.
• Govoni, J.J., A.J. Chester, D.E. Hoss, and P.B. Ortner. 1985. An observation of episodic feeding and growth of larval Leiostomus xanthurus in the northern Gulf of Mexico. J. Plankton Res. 7:137-141.
• Govoni, J.J., D.S. Peters, and J.V. Merriner. 1982. Carbon assimilation during larval development of the marine teleost Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 64:287-299.
• Gunter, G. 1945. Studies on the marine fishes of Texas. Publ. Inst. Mar. Sci. Univ. Texas 1:9-190.
• Hales, L.S. and M.J. Van Den Avyle. 1989. Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (South Atlantic)Spot. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 82(11). U.S. Army Corps of Engineers TR EL-82-4.
• Hettler, W.F. 1979. Swimming speeds of juvenile estuarine fish in a circular flume.Proc. Ann. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Fish Wildl. Agencies 31:392-398.
• Hettler, W.F., and L.C. Clements. 1978. Effects of acute thermal stress on marinefish embryos and larvae. Pages 171-190 in Fourth National Workshop on Entrainment and Impingement, Ecological Analysts Communications, Melville, New York.
• Hildebrand, S.F., and L. Cable. 1930. Development and life history of fourteen teleostean fishes at Beaufort, North Carolina. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 46:383-488.
• Hildebrand, S.F., and W.C. Schroeder. 1928. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 43, Part 1. 366 pp.
• Hodson, R.G., J.O. Hackman, and C.R. Bennett. 1981b. Food habits of young spot in nursery areas of the Cape Fear River Estuary, North Carolina. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 110:495-501.
• Hodson, R.G., R.G. Fechhelm, and R.J. Monroe. 1981a. Upper temperature tolerance of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, from the Cape Fear River Estuary, North Carolina. Estuaries 4:345-356.
• Hoss, D.E., W.F. Hettler, and L.C. Clements. 1974. Effects of thermal shock on larval estuarine fish - ecological implications with respect to entrainment in power plant cooling systems. Pages 357-371 in: J.H.S. Blaxter, ed. The Early Life History of Fish. Springer-Verlag, New York.
• Houde, E.D. 1978. Critical food levels for growth and survival of laboratory reared larvae of three species of subtropical marine fishes. Bull. Mar. Sci.28:395-411.
• Hugg, D.O. 1996 MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12193)
• Husser, R. 1999. "Spot (Leiostomus xanthurus-Lousiana Fishing)" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.sportsmans-paradise.com/species/spotty.html.
• IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.
• IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
• Johnson CL, Runge JA, Curtis KA, Durbin EG, Hare JA, Incze LS, Link J, Melvin GD, O'Brien TD, Van Guelpen, L (in revision) Biodiversity and ecosystem function in the Gulf of Maine: pattern and role of zooplankton and pelagic nekton. PLoS One. 
• Johnson, G.D. 1978. Development of Fishes of the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Volume IV, Carangidae through Ephippidae. U.S. Fish. Wildl. Serv. Biol. Serv. Program FWS/OBS-78/12. 416 pp.
• Kjelson, M.A., D.S. Peters, G.W. Thayer, and G.N. Johnson. 1975. The general feeding ecology of postlarval fishes in the Newport River estuary. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 73:137-144.
• Kjelson, M.A., and G.N. Johnson. 1976. Further observations of the feeding ecology of postlarval pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides, and spot, Leiostomus xanthurus. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 74:423-432.
• Klein-MacPhee, Grace / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds. 2002. Croakers, drums and weakfishes: Family Sciaenidae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes and Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. 435-446
• Lewis, R.M., and M.H. Judy. 1983. The occurrence of spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, and Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus, larvae in Onslow Bay and the Newport River estuary, North Carolina. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 81:405-412.
• Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 2001. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 26, 2001 at http://www.dnr.state.md.us/fisheries/education/spot/spot.html.
• McRae, G., R.G. Muller, and R. Paperno. 1997. Update on Florida's Spot Fishery Report to the Marine Fisheries Commission, July 10, 1997. Department of Environmental Protection Florida Marine Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue Southeast, St. Petersburg, FL 33701-5095.
• Moser, M., J. Miller. 1994. Effects of salinity fluctuation on routine metabolism of juvenile spot, Leiostomus xanthurus. Journal of Fish Biology, 45: 335-340.
• Murdy, Edward O., Ray S. Birdsong, and John A. Musick. 1997. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. xi + 324
• Murphy, Michael D. 2003. Species account for spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) in: Florida. Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Available on the Internet at: http://www.floridamarine.org/features/view_article.asp?id=5573
• Music, J.L. 1974. Observations on the spot Leiostomus xanthurus in Georgia's estuarine and close inshore ocean waters. Ga. Dep. Nat. Resour. Contrib. Ser.28. 29 pp.
• Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland.
• Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, et al., eds. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, Sixth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 29. ix + 386
• Nelson, W.R. 1969. Studies on the croaker, Micropogon undulatus Linnaeus, and the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede, in Mobile Bay, Alabama. J. Mar. Sci. Alabama 1:4-92.
• Neumann, D.A., J.M. O'Conner, and J.A. Sherk, Jr. 1981. Oxygen consumption of white perch (Morone americana), striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and spot (Leiostomus xanthurus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 69A:467-478.
• North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
• Pacheco, A.L. 1962. Age and growth of spot in lower Chesapeake Bay, with notes on the distribution and abundance of juveniles in the York River system. Chesapeake Sci. 3:18-28.
• Parker, J.C. 1971. The biology of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, and the Atlantic croaker, Micropogon undulatus, in two Gulf of Mexico nursery areas. Tex. A&M Univ. Sea Grant Publ. NOAA-TAMU-SG-14, College Station, TX.
• Pearson, J.C. 1932. Winter trawl fishery of the Virginia and North Carolina coasts. U.S. Bur. Fish. Investigative Rep. 10. 31 pp.
• Powell, A.B., and H.R. Gordy. 1980. Egg and larval development of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish. Bull. 78:701-714.
• Raffield Fisheries, Inc., 1998. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.raffieldfisheries.com/product.cfm?ID=35.
• Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
• Roberts, M.H., Jr. 1980. Survival of juvenile spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) exposed to bromochlorinated and chlorinated sewage in estuarine waters. Mar. Environ. Res. 3:63-80.
• Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1980. A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fourth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 12. 174
• Robins, Richard C., Reeve M. Bailey, Carl E. Bond, James R. Brooker, Ernest A. Lachner, et al. 1991. Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States and Canada, Fifth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 20. 183
• Roelofs, E.W. 1954. Food studies of young sciaenid fishes, Micropogon and Leiostomus, from North Carolina. Copeia 1954:151-153.Rozas, L.P., and C.T. Hackney. 1984. Use of oligohaline marshes by fishes and macrofaunal crustaceans in North Carolina. Estuaries 7:213-224.
• Rulifson, R.A. 1977. Temperature and water velocity effects on the swimming performances of young-of-the-year striped mullet (Mugil cephalus), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), and pinfish (Lagodon rhomboides). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34:2316-2322.
• Sasaki, K., S. Hosoya and S. Watanabe 1989 Leiostomus xanthurus, a western Atlantic sciaenid species in Tokyo Bay. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 36(2):267-269. (Ref. 10325)
• Sawyer, R.T., A.R. Lawler, and R.M. Overstreet. 1975. Marine leeches of the eastern U.S. and the Gulf of Mexico with a key to the species. J. Nat. Hist. 9:633-667.
• Schultz, K. 2001. "Spot (Leiostomus xanthurus)" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.kenschultz.com/template2.asp?fishname=spot.
• Townsend, B.C., Jr. 1956. A study of the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede, in Alligator Harbor, Florida. M.S. Thesis. Florida State University, Tallahassee. 43 pp.
• University of Delaware, 2001. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://www.ocean.udel.edu/mas/seafood/spot.html.
• Volusia County Government, 2001. "Spot" (On-line). Accessed February 15, 2001 at http://volusia.org/fisheries/Ixan.htrm.
• Walli A, Teo SLH, Boustany A, Farwell CJ, Williams T, et al. 2009. Seasonal Movements, Aggregations and Diving Behavior of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) Revealed with Archival Tags. PLoS ONE 4(7): e6151. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006151
• Warlen, S.M., and A.J. Chester. 1985. Age, growth and distribution of larval spot; Leiostomus xanthurus, off North Carolina. U.S. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv. Fish Bull. 83:587-599.
• Weinstein, M.P. 1983. Population dynamics of an estuarine dependent fish, the spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), along a tidal creek-seagrass meadow coenocline. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:1633-1638.
• Weinstein, M.P., and M.P. Walters. 1981. Growth, survival, and production in young-of-year populations of Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede residing in tidal creeks. Estuaries 4:185-197.
• Welsh, W.W., and C.M. Breder, Jr. 1923. Contributions to the life histories of Sciaenidae of the eastern United States coast. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 39:141-201.
• Wenner, C-A., C.A. Barans, B.W. Stender, and F.H. Berry. 1979a. Results of MARMAP otter trawl investigations in the South Atlantic Bight. I. Fall, 1973. S.C. Dep. Wildl. Mar. Res. Center Tech. Rep. 33. 79 pp.
• Wenner, C.A., C.A. Barans, B.W. Stender, and F.H. Berry. 1980. Results of MARMAP otter trawl investigations in the South Atlantic Bight. V. Summer, 1975. S.C. Dep. Wildl. Mar. Res. Center Tech. Rep. 45. 57 pp.
• Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.
• Yoder, J.A., L.P. Atkinson, J.O. Blanton, D.R. Deibel, D.W. Menzel, and G.A. Paffenhofer. 1981. Plankton productivity and the distribution of fishes on the southeastern U.S. continental shelf. Science 214:352-353.
• Yoshida, H.O.0 Synopsis of biological data on bonitos of the genus Sarda. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. 432. FAO Fish. Synop. No. 118. 50 p.