Epinephelus analogus — Details

Grouper learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Abundant in patch reefs where it is readily caught by anglers. Feeds mainly on crustaceans and fishes on rocky and sandy bottoms. During winter, it moves closer to the shore where it feeds heavily on swarms of pelagic red crab Pleuroncodes planipes.
  • Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5222&speccode=12 External link.
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Description

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Common names: cabrilla (English), grouper (English), mero (Espanol), cabrilla (Espanol)
 
Epinephelus analogus Gill, 1863


Spotted cabrilla,     Spotted grouper



Elongate, robust; gill rakers 26-28; rear margin of preopercle serrate, the lower limb smooth; dorsal fin  X, 16-18; anal rays III, 8; pectoral rays 19-20; flank scales rough; 53-69 lateral line scales.

Pale, tan to greyish white with red- brown spots, pupil-sized on body, smaller on head and fins; four broad indistinct dark bars may also be evident on upper half of side.


A good-eating fish reported to reach 87 cm and 22.3 Kg.

Inhabits rocky reefs; also lives in shallow estuaries.

To at least 107 m depth.

Southern California to the Gulf of California to Peru, Galapagos, Malpelo and the Revillagigedos.

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Distribution

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Eastern Pacific: southern California in the USA to Peru, including Revillagigedo, Clipperton and the Galapagos islands. It is the most abundant small grouper in the northern Gulf of California.
  • Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5222&speccode=12 External link.
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Range Description

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Epinephelus analous occurs in the eastern Pacific from southern California (USA) to Peru, including the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, and Galápagos islands.
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Eastern Pacific.
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Depth

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Depth Range (m): 1 (S) - 107 (S)
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Zoogeography

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See Map (including site records) of Distribution in the Tropical Eastern Pacific


 
Global Endemism: All species, East Pacific endemic, Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic

Regional Endemism: All species, TEP endemic, Continent + Island (s), Continent, Island (s)

Residency: Resident

Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California), Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap), Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos), Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo), South Temperate (Peruvian Province )

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8
  • Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)   http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5222&speccode=12 External link.
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Size

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Length max (cm): 87.0 (S)
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Size

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Maximum size: 870 mm TL
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Max. size

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114 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 89707)); max. published weight: 22.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
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Type Information

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Holotype for Epinephelus analogus
Catalog Number: USNM 4944
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): J. Dow
Locality: (C.A. Western Coast), Pacific
  • Holotype: Gill, T. N. 1863. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 15: 163.
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Ecology

Habitat

Environment

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reef-associated; marine; depth range ? - 50 m (Ref. 89707)
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Habitat and Ecology

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Habitat and Ecology
Epinephelus analous is reef-associated, being abundant in patch and rocky reefs where it is readily caught by anglers. Spotted groupers feed mainly on crustaceans and fishes on rocky and sandy bottoms. During winter, individuals move closer to the shore and feeds heavily on swarms of pelagic red crab Pleuroncodes planipes.

Systems
  • Marine
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Depth range based on 24 specimens in 1 taxon.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 0.21 - 154

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 0.21 - 154
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Salinity: Marine, Brackish

Inshore/Offshore: Inshore, Inshore Only

Water Column Position: Bottom, Bottom only

Habitat: Reef (rock &/or coral), Rocks, Reef and soft bottom, Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom), Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove), Sand & gravel, Estuary

FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated
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Trophic Strategy

Feeding

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Feeding Group: Carnivore

Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs), octopus/squid/cuttlefish, bony fishes
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Life History and Behavior

Reproduction

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Egg Type: Pelagic, Pelagic larva
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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Epinephelus analogus

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Assessment

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Red List Category
LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version
3.1

Year Assessed
2008

Assessor/s
Rocha, L., Ferreira, B., Choat, J.H., Craig, M. & Sadovy, Y.

Reviewer/s
Sadovy, Y. & Moss, K. (Grouper and Wrasse Red List Authority)

Contributor/s

Justification
Epinephelus analous is a widespread, abundant species that is apparently not in decline. Therefore, the species is currently assessed as Least Concern.
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IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed

CITES: Not listed
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Population

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Population
General
Epinephelus analous is common throughout its range and the most abundant small grouper in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico.

Fisheries-dependent data
There is a reported 18 to 20 tonnes of annual landings of Epinephelus analous in Ecuador and the population appears stable.

Population Trend
Stable
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Threats

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Least Concern (LC)
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Major Threats
Epinephelus analous is sought by commercial and recreational fisheries, yet is an abundant species that is not currently threatened by overfishing.
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Management

Conservation Actions

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Conservation Actions
Spotted grouper are present in several protected areas throughout its range.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species
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Wikipedia

Epinephelus analogus

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Epinephelus analogus is a grouper from the Eastern Pacific. It is the most abundant small grouper in the northern Gulf of California. It grows to a length of 114 cm.

References

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