Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Swim in small schools during the day close to the shoreline, disperse at night spreading over the reef. Nocturnal feeders of plankton, mostly crustaceans and forams. Preyed upon by larger species.
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Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Distribution
Eastern Central Pacific: Hawaiian Islands. A subspecies occurs off the south coast of Molokai Island. Saipan, Mariana Islands.
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Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 6 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 15 - 18
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Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Size
Max. size
9.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9760))
-
Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Diagnostic Description
Slender fish with moderately laterally compressed body. Teeth on vomer very small and difficult to see. Gill rakers with spinules longer than diameter of pupil. Predorsal scales 20-23.
-
Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Type Information
Holotype for Pranesus insularum whitei Schultz
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Preparation: Illustration
Collector(s): F. Shroyer & T. White
Year Collected: 1945
Locality: Mariana Islands, coral reefs at Saipan, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, Mariana Islands, Pacific
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Preparation: Illustration
Collector(s): F. Shroyer & T. White
Year Collected: 1945
Locality: Mariana Islands, coral reefs at Saipan, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, Mariana Islands, Pacific
- Holotype: Schultz, L. P. 1953. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. No. 202: 307, fig. 48.
© Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
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Paratype for Pranesus insularum whitei Schultz
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): F. Shroyer & T. White
Year Collected: 1945
Locality: Mariana Islands, coral reefs at Saipan, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, Mariana Islands, Pacific
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): F. Shroyer & T. White
Year Collected: 1945
Locality: Mariana Islands, coral reefs at Saipan, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, Mariana Islands, Pacific
- Paratype: Schultz, L. P. 1953. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. No. 202: 307, fig. 48.
© Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth range based on 3 specimens in 2 taxa.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.915 - 4.575
Temperature range (°C): 24.549 - 28.860
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.066 - 0.069
Salinity (PPS): 34.090 - 35.294
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.550 - 4.835
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.085 - 0.097
Silicate (umol/l): 1.328 - 1.498
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.915 - 4.575
Temperature range (°C): 24.549 - 28.860
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.066 - 0.069
Salinity (PPS): 34.090 - 35.294
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.550 - 4.835
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.085 - 0.097
Silicate (umol/l): 1.328 - 1.498
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 3 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 0.915 - 4.575
Temperature range (°C): 24.549 - 28.860
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.066 - 0.069
Salinity (PPS): 34.090 - 35.294
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.550 - 4.835
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.085 - 0.097
Silicate (umol/l): 1.328 - 1.498
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 0.915 - 4.575
Temperature range (°C): 24.549 - 28.860
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.066 - 0.069
Salinity (PPS): 34.090 - 35.294
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.550 - 4.835
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.085 - 0.097
Silicate (umol/l): 1.328 - 1.498
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Environment
pelagic-neritic; marine; depth range 0 - 2 m (Ref. 58302)
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Mundy, B.C. 2005 Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704. (Ref. 58302)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58302&speccode=46
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Trophic Strategy
Swim in small schools during the day close to the shoreline, disperse at night spreading over the reef. Preyed upon by larger species. Is a nocturnal planktivore that takes mostly crustaceans and foraminiferans (Ref. 13550).
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Hobson, E.S. 1974 Feeding relationships of teleostean fishes on coral reefs in Kona, Hawaii. Fish. Bull. 72(4):915-1031. (Ref. 13550)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13550&speccode=4734
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: of no interest
-
Ivantsoff, W. and L.E.L.M. Crowley 1999 Atherinidae. Silversides (or hardyheads). p. 2113-2139. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9760)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9760&speccode=1303
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
Source:
FishBase
Trusted
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