Found over rocky substrates of coastal waters. Juveniles stay in sheltered areas of estuaries (Ref. 5213). Large specimens caught from the shore only when seas are rough (Ref. 3198). Marketed fresh, whole or dried.

Comores, Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Red Sea, Reunion, Somalia, South Africa (country), Tanzania

Western Indian Ocean: Red Sea south to Mossel Bay, South Africa and east to India and Sri Lanka.

Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8

Maximum size: 750 mm TL

75.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573))

Found over rocky substrates of coastal waters. Juveniles stay in sheltered areas of estuaries (Ref. 5213). Marketed fresh, whole or dried.

Silvery with faint, red crossbars; dead specimens almost white or purple.

Depth range based on 18 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 5 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 14 - 77
  Temperature range (°C): 17.032 - 18.507
  Nitrate (umol/L): 6.303 - 8.232
  Salinity (PPS): 35.288 - 35.322
  Oxygen (ml/l): 4.625 - 4.730
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.627 - 0.746
  Silicate (umol/l): 7.495 - 8.374

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 14 - 77

Temperature range (°C): 17.032 - 18.507

Nitrate (umol/L): 6.303 - 8.232

Salinity (PPS): 35.288 - 35.322

Oxygen (ml/l): 4.625 - 4.730

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.627 - 0.746

Silicate (umol/l): 7.495 - 8.374
 
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

Depth: 20 - 300m.
From 20 to 300 meters.

Habitat: reef-associated.

reef-associated; marine; depth range 20 - 300 m (Ref. 28016)

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 16
Species With Barcodes: 1

Not Evaluated

fisheries: minor commercial