Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Forms schools in shallow waters, the juveniles apparently entering the lower parts of rivers, but returning later to the sea. Feeds on both zooplankton (copepods, crab zoea, larvae of bivalves and fish eggs) and phytoplankton. Breeds from October to February (mainly November to January) off western coast of India, usually in relatively shallow inshore waters. Marketed fresh and dried-salted.
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: northern Indian Ocean (Karachi eastward to Rangoon) to Thailand, Indonesia (Java Sea), the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Australia.
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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FishBase
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 14 - 19
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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FishBase
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Size
Max. size
10.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 188)); max. reported age: 1 years (Ref. 43081)
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Jeyaseelan, M.J.P. 1998 Manual of fish eggs and larvae from Asian mangrove waters. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Paris. 193 p. (Ref. 43081)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43081&speccode=1295
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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FishBase
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Diagnostic Description
Belly strongly keeled. The almost rectangular second supra-maxilla and the bright silver stripe along the flank distinguish it from juveniles of Sardinella, Amblygaster and Herklotsichthys. Resembles some pellonulines with a silver stripe, but they lack a first supra-maxilla. Distinguished from E. elongata of the Gulf of Thailand but its deeper body and broader silver stripe.
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth range based on 2 specimens in 1 taxon.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1 - 2
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1 - 2
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 1 - 2
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 1 - 2
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Environment
pelagic-neritic; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188)
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Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
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FishBase
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Migration
Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
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Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&speccode=4683
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FishBase
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Trophic Strategy
Juveniles apparently entering the lower parts of rivers, but returning later to the sea.
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Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=188&speccode=24
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FishBase
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Life History and Behavior
Life Expectancy
Lifespan, longevity, and ageing
Observations: Little is known about the longevity of these animals, but they have been known to live at least 1 year (http://www.fishbase.org/). Considering the longevity of similar species, however, maximum longevity could be significantly underestimated.
© Joao Pedro de Magalhaes
Source:
AnAge
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Escualosa thoracata
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 6 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
Download FASTA File
There are 6 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
FSCS258-06|FSCS 10-z-1|Escualosa thoracata| ------------------------------------------CTTTATTTAGTATTTGGGGCCTGAGCAGGAATAGCGGGCACAGCTTTA---AGTTTACTAATTCGGGCAGAACTTAGCCAACCCGGAGCTCTCCTTGGTGAC---GATCAAATTTATAATGTAATCGTTACCGCGCATGCTTTCGTAATAATCTTCTTTATAGTAATACCAATGTTAATTGGAGGCTTTGGAAACTGATTGGTGCCACTCATA---CTTGGTGCACCAGACATAGCATTCCCTCGAATAAATAATATAAGCTTCTGACTTCTCCCCCCCTCATTCCTCCTTCTCTTAGCCTCTTCTGGAGTAGAGGCTGGAGTAGGGACAGGATGGACAGTATATCCCCCTTTAGCAGGAAACCTTGCCCATGCAGGAGCATCTGTAGATTTA---GCTATCTTTTCACTTCACTTAGCAGGAATCTCATCAATCCTCGGGGCTATTAACTTCATCACTACTATTATCAATATGAAACCCCCTGCGATCTCACAATATCAAACACCTTTATTCGTCTGAGCTGTATTAGTTACAGCAGTACTTCTCCTACTCTCCCTCCCAGTTCTAGCTGCT---GGGATCACAATACTCCTTACAGACCGAAACTTAAATACTACGTTCTTTGACCCGGCAGGAGGGGGAGACCCTATCTTATATCAACATCTA-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Escualosa thoracata
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 6
Species: 6
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 6
Species: 6
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: commercial
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Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&speccode=2534
© WorldFish Center - FishBase
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FishBase
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