Male Sea goldie, Dahab.

Also known as the lyretail coralfish, the lyretail anthias ^[1] or the scalefin anthia, but may be simply known as the goldfish. The sea goldie is a common sight to scuba divers in the Indian Ocean, and is a typical representative of the subfamily of Anthiinae.

Range

The sea goldie is found in the western Indian Ocean including the Red Sea, and in the Pacific Ocean as far east as Japan and southeast Australia. It is absent from the Persian Gulf and Oman.^[1]

Description

This species shows marked sexual dimorphism;^[2]

• Female: Length up to 7 cm, orange/gold colour with violet streak below the eye
• Male: Length up to 15 cm, fuchsia colour with elongated 3rd ray of the dorsal fin, a red patch on the pectoral fin and elongated margins of the tail.

The midas blenny, Ecsenius midas, goes through a phase of yellow colouration and is a social mimic of the sea goldie.^[1]

Diet

The sea goldie feeds primarily on zooplankton.^[2]

Predators

Vermillion seabass is one predator of the sea goldie.

Biology

Like other anthias (Anthiinae) the sea goldie is a protogynous hermaphrodite; a male retains a harem of 5-10 females, but when the male dies one of the females will undergo sex reversal and take the place of the missing male.

Reproduction occurs at sunset, between December and February (in the red sea).^[3]

Habitat

Around coral outcrops in clear lagoons, patch reefs and steep slopes to a depth of 35 m, often to be found in the company of Chromis diademata . They are often found in very large schools above the reef.^[1]

• 

  Female sea goldies, Dahab.

• 

  Shoaling Anthias, Dahab, Red Sea

• 

  Shoaling in large numbers, Dahab

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} Lieske, E. and Myers, R.F. (2004) Coral reef guide; Red Sea London, HarperCollins ISBN 0-00-715986-2
2. ^ ^{a b} Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2007). "Pseudanthias squamipinnis" in FishBase. 5 2007 version.
3. ^ Siliotti, A. (2002) fishes of the red sea Verona, Geodia ISBN 88-87177-42-2