Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Occurs in lagoons or bays, in passes, or on outer reef slopes; over hard substrate as well as patches of rubble or sand, usually at the base of the reef. Adults are usually in pairs and share burrow which is often under a piece of rubble or slab of coral rock. Adults feed on current-borne zooplankton as high as 3 m above the burrow; tend to remain together while feeding, separated by not more than 1-2 m. Monogamous (Ref. 52884, 48637). Juveniles occur in large groups, as many as 500. Minimum depth reported from Ref. 27115.
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Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus Ptereleotris (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pacific Fishes (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&speccode=4374
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Distribution
Distribution
Chagos, Mauritius, Reunion, Seychelles, South Africa (country)
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian, Line, Marquesan, and Society Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Lord Howe Island; Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands in Micronesia.
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Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&speccode=4306
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 29 - 33; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 27 - 30; Vertebrae: 26
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Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus Ptereleotris (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pacific Fishes (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&speccode=4374
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Size
Max. size
14.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2798))
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Hoese, D.F. 1986 Gobiidae. p. 774-807. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 2798)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2798&speccode=17032
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Diagnostic Description
Description
Occurs in lagoons or bays, in passes, or on outer reef slopes; over hard substrates as well as patches of rubble or sand, usually at the base of the reef. Adults are usually in pairs and share burrow which is often under a piece of rubble or slab of coral rock. Adults feed on current-borne zooplankton to as high as 3 m above the burrow; tend to remain together while feeding, separated by not more than 1-2 m. Juveniles occur in large groups, as many as 500.
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Light blue to pale bluish gray; upper edge of operculum with a longitudinal iridescent blue band divided into 2 sections. Caudal fin yellowish, some with an orangish streak passing anteriorly from spot; 1st dorsal fin not as high as the 2nd; 2nd dorsal and anal fins not elevated anteriorly; pelvic fins not long; base of pectoral fin usually with a blue-edged salmon-pink spot.
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Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus Ptereleotris (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pacific Fishes (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&speccode=4374
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Ecology
Habitat
Depth range based on 4 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 6 - 41.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.932 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.057 - 1.279
Salinity (PPS): 34.292 - 35.002
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.336 - 4.676
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.163 - 0.248
Silicate (umol/l): 3.155 - 4.977
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 6 - 41.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.932 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.057 - 1.279
Salinity (PPS): 34.292 - 35.002
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.336 - 4.676
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.163 - 0.248
Silicate (umol/l): 3.155 - 4.977
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 2 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 6 - 41.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.932 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.057 - 1.279
Salinity (PPS): 34.292 - 35.002
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.336 - 4.676
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.163 - 0.248
Silicate (umol/l): 3.155 - 4.977
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 6 - 41.5
Temperature range (°C): 26.932 - 27.236
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.057 - 1.279
Salinity (PPS): 34.292 - 35.002
Oxygen (ml/l): 4.336 - 4.676
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.163 - 0.248
Silicate (umol/l): 3.155 - 4.977
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 5 - 46m.
From 5 to 46 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Blacktail goby. (Bleeker, 1855) Attains 14 cm. Indo-Pacific south to Natal in South Africa.
From 5 to 46 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Blacktail goby. (Bleeker, 1855) Attains 14 cm. Indo-Pacific south to Natal in South Africa.
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Environment
reef-associated; marine; depth range 5 - 46 m (Ref. 1602), usually 5 - 15 m (Ref. 27115)
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Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&speccode=4306
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Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 Meerwasser atlas. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27115&speccode=4306
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Trophic Strategy
Adults occur in pairs, sharing the same burrow, remain together when feeding; juveniles occur in large groups & many occupy the same refuge.
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Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus Ptereleotris (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pacific Fishes (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&speccode=4374
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Ptereleotris heteroptera
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen. Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
Download FASTA File
There is 1 barcode sequence available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is the sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen. Other sequences that do not yet meet barcode criteria may also be available.
SBF549-11|REU0782|Ptereleotris heteroptera| ---------------------------------------ACCCTTTATCTAGTATTTGGTGCTTGAGCCGGCATGGTCGGCACTGCCCTA---AGCCTGCTCATCCGAGCTGAGCTCAGCCAACCTGGCGCTCTCCTAGGAGAC---GACCAAATTTACAACGTAATCGTTACAGCCCACGCCTTTGTAATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATGCCAATCATGATCGGCGGGTTCGGAAACTGACTCATCCCCCTAATG---ATCGGGGCGCCTGATATGGCCTTCCCTCGAATAAACAATATGAGCTTTTGACTTCTGCCCCCCTCCTTTCTTCTTCTCCTTGCCTCCTCTGGTGTCGAAGCCGGGGCGGGGACAGGGTGAACAGTCTACCCTCCCCTGGCAGGAAACCTCGCCCACGCAGGAGCATCCGTAGACCTC---ACTATCTTTTCCCTTCATCTAGCGGGAATCTCCTCAATTCTGGGAGCAATCAATTTTATTACAACGATTCTAAACATGAAGCCCCCAGCTATTTCCCAGTACCAAACGCCCCTTTTCGTGTGAGCGGTTCTAATTACCGCAGTACTTCTGCTTCTCTCTCTCCCGGTCTTAGCGGCA---GGCATCACAATGCTACTCACAGACCGAAACCTGAACACCACGTTCTTCGACCCCGCAGGTGGAGGAGACCCAATCCTCTACCAACAC----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Ptereleotris heteroptera
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Species: 6
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 1
Species: 6
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
aquarium: commercial
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Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210
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