Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Inhabits coastal waters. Forms large schools. Probably feeds on small benthic animals. Used for fish meal and duck food.
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Woodland, D.J. 1984 Gerreidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3409)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3409&speccode=14295
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Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: western and southern coasts of India and off Sri Lanka to Indonesia, the Philippines and Ryukyu Islands, and south to the northern part of Australia (Ref. 3131).
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Woodland, D.J. 1984 Gerreidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3409)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3409&speccode=14295
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 9 - 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 15; Anal spines: 5 - 6; Analsoft rays: 12 - 13
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Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&speccode=7
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Size
Max. size
15.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2872))
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Bianchi, G. 1985 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Pakistan. Prepared with the support of PAK/77/033 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. Rome: FAO. 200 p. (Ref. 2872)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2872&speccode=363
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Diagnostic Description
Body is slender, with weakly attached silvery scales. The spines of the dorsal and anal fins longer than the rays; the pectoral fins long and pointed, reaching beyond the anal fin spines; the anal fin is long; the caudal fin lobes rounded.
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Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&speccode=7
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 15 - 220 m (Ref. 12260)
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Pauly, D., A. Cabanban and F.S.B. Torres Jr. 1996 Fishery biology of 40 trawl-caught teleosts of western Indonesia. p. 135-216. In D. Pauly and P. Martosubroto (eds.) Baseline studies of biodiversity:the fish resource of western Indonesia. ICLARM Studies and Reviews 23. (Ref. 12260)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12260&speccode=111
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Depth range based on 674 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 445 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 8.9 - 175
Temperature range (°C): 20.374 - 28.199
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 12.940
Salinity (PPS): 32.916 - 35.468
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.775 - 4.701
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.170
Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 19.050
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 8.9 - 175
Temperature range (°C): 20.374 - 28.199
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 12.940
Salinity (PPS): 32.916 - 35.468
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.775 - 4.701
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.170
Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 19.050
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 445 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 8.9 - 175
Temperature range (°C): 20.374 - 28.199
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 12.940
Salinity (PPS): 32.916 - 35.468
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.775 - 4.701
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.170
Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 19.050
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 8.9 - 175
Temperature range (°C): 20.374 - 28.199
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.048 - 12.940
Salinity (PPS): 32.916 - 35.468
Oxygen (ml/l): 1.775 - 4.701
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.064 - 1.170
Silicate (umol/l): 0.498 - 19.050
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 20 - 220m.
From 20 to 220 meters.
Habitat: demersal.
From 20 to 220 meters.
Habitat: demersal.
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Trophic Strategy
Schooling species which occurs on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Feeds mainly on polychaetes and crustaceans (Ref. 26908).
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Yamashita, Y., N. Piamthipmanus and K. Mochizuki 1987 Gut contents analysis of fishes sampled from the Gulf of Thailand. p.33-55. In K. Kawaguchi (ed.) Studies on the mechanism of marine productivity in the shallow waters around the South China Sea with special reference to the Gulf of Thailand. Grant-in-Aid no. 61043019 for OSS, Ministry of Educ. Sci. and Culture, Japan (Ref. 26908)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26908&speccode=388
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Pentaprion longimanus
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
Download FASTA File
There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.
CTTTACATAGTATTTGGTGCCTGGGCCGGAATAGTAGGAACTGCTCTT---AGCCTGTTAATTCGGGCCGAGCTCAGCCAACCCGGCGCCCTCCTCGGAGAT---GACCAAATTTACAACGTAATCGTTACGGCGCATGCCTTTGTAATAATCTTCTTCATAGTTATGCCCATCATAATTGGTGGCTTCGGAAACTGACTTATTCCACTTATG---ATCGGAGCTCCTGACATGGCCTTCCCTCGAATGAATAACATGAGCTTCTGACTTCTACCTCCATCCTTCCTGCTTCTTCTCGCTTCTTCTGGAGTAGAGTCGGGTGCTGGAACAGGATGAACCGTTTACCCGCCCCTAGCCGGTAACTTAGCCCACGCAGGTGCATCTGTTGACCTT---ACAATCTTTTCCCTTCACCTAGCAGGTGTTTCCTCAATCCTCGGGGCAATTAATTTCATCACCACAATTATTAACATGAAACCCCCAGCTATTTCCCAATATCAAACCCCTCTATTTGTATGAGCTGTACTAATTACGGCCGTTCTACTGCTACTATCCCTTCCAGTACTAGCGGCT---GGCATTACAATGCTCCTTACGGACCGAAATCTGAACACCACCTTCTTCGACCCTGCGGGGGGAGGAGACCCAATTCTATACCAACACTTA
-- end --
-- end --
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Pentaprion longimanus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 8
Specimens with Barcodes: 9
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 8
Specimens with Barcodes: 9
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Threats
Not Evaluated
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family
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