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Bothus podas — Details

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Overview

Comprehensive Description

Biology

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Found in shallow waters, over sandy and muddy bottoms of the continental plateau (Ref. 5377, 12382). Feeds on benthic small fishes and invertebrates. Reproduction occurs between May and August. Small individuals adapt well in aquariums but require sufficient bottom areas (Ref. 12382).

Aldebert, Y., M. Desoutter and J.-C. Quéro 1990 Bothidae. p. 1027-1036. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 5979) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5979&speccode=41

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Distribution

Distribution

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Azores Exclusive Economic Zone, European waters (ERMS scope), Greek Exclusive Economic Zone, Israeli Exclusive Economic Zone [Mediterranean part], Portugese Exclusive Economic Zone, Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone

van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374 http://www.marbef.org/data/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=1411
Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp. http://www.marinespecies.org/ascidiacea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149079
Ramos, M. (ed.). 2010. IBERFAUNA. The Iberian Fauna Databank http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149024
Galil, B.; Goren, M.; Mienis, H. (2011). Checklist of marine species in Israel. Compiled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=149096
Koukouras, Athanasios. (2010). Check-list of marine species from Greece. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Assembled in the framework of the EU FP7 PESI project. http://www.marinespecies.org/asteroidea/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=142068

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Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea (Ref. 12382); Mauritania to Angola, including Madeira, Cape Verde and the Canary Islands (Ref. 5979).

Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Bothidae. p. 1294-1298. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4704) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4704&speccode=1809

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Physical Description

Morphology

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Dorsal soft rays (total): 85 - 95; Analsoft rays: 63 - 73

Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Bothidae. p. 1294-1298. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4704) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4704&speccode=1809

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Size

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Maximum size: 450 mm NG

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Max. size

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45.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 27584)); max. published weight: 700 g (Ref. 27584)

Ly, B., M. Diop and M. Girardin 1996 Guide et nomenclature nationale commerciale des especes marines (poissons, crustaces et mollusques) pechees en Mauritanie. Centre National de Recherches Oceanographiques et des Peches, Ministere des Peches et de l'Economie Maritime. 189 p. (Ref. 27584) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27584&speccode=207

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Diagnostic Description

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The scales on the eyed side are ctenoid and cycloid on the blind side. The inter-orbital width is much wider in males. The upper pectoral fin rays are not prolonged. The subspecies in the Mediterranean and African coast, P. podas has 75-86 lateral line scales, with 13-20 scales making up the curved portion. Its eyed side has alight brown color, bearing darker spots. The subspecies in Madeira and the Canaries, B. p. maderensis, has 88-91 lateral line scales, with 20-21 on the lateral line curve. Its eyed side appears dark brown to dark violet and seldom spotted.

Nielsen, J.G. 1986 Bothidae. p. 1294-1298. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4704) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4704&speccode=1809

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Type Information

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Syntype for Bothus podas
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Locality: Europe

Syntype: Bonaparte, C. L. 1832-1941. Iconografia della fauna italica per le quattro classi degli animali vertebrati. Tomo III. Pesci. 3: Fascicle 4, puntata 23, pl. 99.

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Ecology

Habitat

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Depth range based on 9 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 4 samples.

Environmental ranges
  Depth range (m): 6 - 74
  Temperature range (°C): 18.607 - 19.207
  Nitrate (umol/L): 0.380 - 13.143
  Salinity (PPS): 35.602 - 36.114
  Oxygen (ml/l): 2.612 - 5.493
  Phosphate (umol/l): 0.095 - 1.086
  Silicate (umol/l): 0.910 - 4.925

Graphical representation

Depth range (m): 6 - 74

Temperature range (°C): 18.607 - 19.207

Nitrate (umol/L): 0.380 - 13.143

Salinity (PPS): 35.602 - 36.114

Oxygen (ml/l): 2.612 - 5.493

Phosphate (umol/l): 0.095 - 1.086

Silicate (umol/l): 0.910 - 4.925

Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.

Public Domain

Source: Ocean Biogeographic Information System

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Depth: 1 - 200m.
From 1 to 200 meters.

Habitat: demersal.

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Environment

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demersal; marine; depth range 15 - 400 m (Ref. 26999)

Sanches, J.G. 1991 Catálogo dos principais peixes marinhos da República de Guiné-Bissau. Publicações avulsas do I.N.I.P. No. 16. 429 p. (Ref. 26999) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26999&speccode=5059

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Barcode data: Bothus podas

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The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

There are 4 barcode sequences available from BOLD and GenBank. Below is a sequence of the barcode region Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI or COX1) from a member of the species. See the BOLD taxonomy browser for more complete information about this specimen and other sequences.

GBGC7382-09|EU513619|Bothus podas| ---------------------------------------GCCCTTTTCCTTGTATTTGGTGCTTGAGCCGGCATGGTAGGGACGGCACTC---AGCCTCCTTATTCGGGCAGAACTAAGCCAGCCTGGCGCCCTTCTAGGCGAC---GACCAAATCTATAATGTCATCGTCACGGCCCATGCGTTCGTAATAATTTTCTTTATAGTAATGCCTATTATGATTGGAGGGTTTGGTAACTGACTAATCCCTCTCATG---GTAGGAGCACCAGACATGGCATTCCCACGAATAAATAACATGAGCTTCTGACTTCTTCCCCCCTCTTTCCTCCTCCTTCTTGCCTCCTCAGGAGTAGAGGCGGGGGCCGGAACCGGGTGGACCGTATATCCTCCGCTAGCGGGCAATCTTGCCCACGCCGGAGCATCAGTAGACCTG---ACCATCTTTTCACTCCACCTCGCAGGGATTTCCTCTATCCTGGGGGCCATTAATTTCATTACCACAATTTTAAACATGAAACCCCCTGCTATAACAATATATCAGGCCCCTCTGTTCGTATGAGCCGTTTTGATTACCGCCGTGCTTCTCCTCCTCTCCCTCCCTGTGCTAGCAGCA---GGGATTACAATACTACTAACTGACCGTAATCTAAACACCACCTTCTTCGACCCCGCAGGAGGGGGGGATCCCATCCTCTACCAACACCTA-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- end --

Download FASTA File

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Bothus podas

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Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 4
Species: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Threats

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Not Evaluated

IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073

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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems

Benefits

Importance

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fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4537&speccode=1255
Göthel, H. 1992 Fauna marina del Mediterráneo. Ediciones Omega, S.A., Barcelona. 319 p. (Ref. 12382) http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12382&speccode=207

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