Overview
Brief Summary
Introduction
A holarctic genus which includes four North American species and a number of Eurasian species, the taxonomy of which may be somewhat oversplit given the high degree of hybridization and intraspecific variation exhibited among the North American representatives.
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Introduction
A holarctic genus which includes four North American species and a number of Eurasian species, the taxonomy of which may be somewhat oversplit given the high degree of hybridization and intraspecific variation exhibited among the North American representatives.
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Comprehensive Description
Nomenclature and synonymy
Basilarchia is the name used by some authors for the North American species. These represent a distinct clade relative to the Palearctic Limenitis (Mullen 2006), but may render the Old World remainder paraphyletic.
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Evolution and Systematics
Evolution
Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
The above phylogenetic hypothesis is based on the combined mtDNA + Ef-1 alpha sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of Mullen (2006). The two genes in Mullen's data support alternate positions for L. populi (mtDNA places it at the base of the North American clade), suggesting that the reciprocal monophyly of Old and New World groups implied here is not stable.
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Barcode
Locations of barcode samples
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Statistics of barcoding coverage
| Specimen Records: | 371 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 364 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 348 |
| Public Records: | 206 |
| Species: | 24 |
| Species With Barcodes: | 24 |
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Wikipedia
Limenitis
Limenitis is a genus of brush-footed butterflies, commonly called the admirals. The sister butterflies (Adelpha) and commander butterflies (Moduza) are sometimes included here.
The name Limenitis is New Latin "of harbours", from Ancient Greek Λιμενιτις (from λιμήν, a harbour, haven).[1]
Species
Listed alphabetically within groups.[2]
Species group Basilarchia (North American):
- Limenitis archippus (Cramer, [1776]) – Viceroy
- Limenitis arthemis (Drury, [1773]) – (American) White Admiral or Red-spotted Purple
- Limenitis lorquini Boisduval, 1852 – Lorquin's Admiral
- Limenitis weidemeyerii Edwards, 1861 – Weidemeyer's Admiral
Unnamed species group (South-east Asia):
- Limenitis rileyi Tytler, 1940
- Limenitis staudingeri Ribbe, 1898
Ungrouped (Asian):
- Limenitis albomaculata Leech, 1891
- Limenitis amphyssa Ménétriés, 1859
- Limenitis calidosa Moore, 1858
- Limenitis camilla (Linnaeus, 1764) – (Eurasian) White Admiral
- Limenitis ciocolatina Poujade, 1885
- Limenitis cleophas Oberthür, 1893
- Limenitis doerriesi Staudinger, 1892
- Limenitis dubernardi Oberthür, 1903
- Limenitis elwesi Oberthür, 1884
- Limenitis glorifica Fruhstorfer, 1909
- Limenitis helmanni Lederer, 1853
- Limenitis homeyeri Tancré, 1881
- Limenitis imitata (Butler, 1883)
- Limenitis lepechini Erschoff, 1874
- Limenitis misuji Sugiyama, 1994
- Limenitis moltrechti Kardakov, 1928
- Limenitis populi (Linnaeus, 1758) – Poplar Admiral
- Limenitis reducta Staudinger, 1901 – Southern White Admiral
- Limenitis sydyi Lederer, 1853
- Limenitis trivena Moore, 1864 – Indian White Admiral
References
- ^ The Century Dictionary by The Century Company. Available online at dictionary.com/index.html.
- ^ Limenitis, funet.fi
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