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| Specimen Records: | 23 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 15 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 15 |
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| Species: | 9 |
| Species With Barcodes: | 7 |
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Wikipedia
Marmoset
Marmosets (pronounced /ˈmɑrmɵsɛt/) are the 22 New World monkey species of the genera Callithrix, Cebuella, Callibella, and Mico. All four genera are part of the biological family Callitrichidae. The term marmoset is also used in reference to the Goeldi's Monkey, Callimico goeldii, which is closely related.
Most marmosets are about 20 centimetres (8 in) long. Relative to other monkeys, they show some apparently primitive features: they have claws rather than nails, and tactile hairs on their wrists. They lack wisdom teeth, and their brain layout seems to be relatively primitive. Their body temperature is unusually variable, changing by up to 4 °C (7 °F) in a day.[3] Marmosets are native to South America and have been found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru.[4]
According to recent research, marmosets exhibit germline chimerism, which is not known to occur in nature in any other primate.[5]
Contents |
Species list
- Genus Callithrix—Atlantic marmosets
- Genus Mico—Amazonian marmosets
- Rio Acari marmoset, Mico acariensis
- Manicore marmoset, Mico manicorensis
- Silvery marmoset, Mico argentata
- White marmoset, Mico leucippe
- Emilia's marmoset, Mico emiliae
- Black-headed marmoset, Mico nigriceps
- Marca's marmoset, Mico marcai
- Black-tailed marmoset, Mico melanura
- Santarem marmoset, Mico humeralifera
- Maués marmoset, Mico mauesi
- Gold-and-white marmoset, Mico chrysoleuca
- Hershkovitz's marmoset, Mico intermedia
- Satéré marmoset, Mico saterei
- Rondon's marmoset, Mico rondoni
- Genus Callibella—Roosmalens' dwarf marmoset
- Genus Cebuella—Pygmy Marmoset
Behavior
Marmosets are highly active, living in the upper canopy of forest trees, and feeding on insects, fruit and leaves. They have long lower incisors, which allow them to chew holes in tree trunks and branches to harvest the gum inside; some species are specialised feeders on gum.
Marmosets live in family groups of three to 15, consisting of one to two breeding females, an unrelated male, their offspring and occasionally extended family members and unrelated individuals. Their mating systems are highly variable and can include monogamy, polygyny and occasionally polyandry. In most species, fraternal twins are usually born, but triplets are not unknown. Like other callitrichines, marmosets are characterized by a high degree of cooperative care of the young and some food sharing and tolerated theft. Adult males, females other than the mother, and older offspring participate in carrying infants. Most groups scent mark and defend the edges of their ranges, but it is unclear if they are truly territorial, as group home ranges greatly overlap.
Human cultural references
Callithrix comes from Ancient Greek and means "beautiful fur". Marmoset is from the French marmouset, uncertain etymology.
The monkey is mentioned in Shakespeare's Tempest, when Caliban says he will instruct his new master Stephano "how to snare the nimble marmoset" [for eating], on the no-man island where the play takes place (Act 2, Scene 2).
References
- ^ Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. eds. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 129–133. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3.
- ^ Rylands AB and Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB. South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.
- ^ Stafford, S.G. (1999). "Thermoregulatory and Endocrine Adaptations of Small Body Size in Primates". Kent State University Dissertation, QP 135.S73, 1999.
- ^ [Primate Info Net, Callithrix Factsheet, University of Wisconsin, Madison.]
- ^ Ross, C.N., French, J.A., and Ortí, G. (2007). "Germ-line chimerism and paternal care in marmosets (Callithrix kuhlii)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (15): 6278. doi:10.1073/pnas.0607426104. PMC 1851065. PMID 17389380. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1851065.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
Callitrichidae
The Callitrichidae (synonym Hapalidae) is one of five families of New World monkeys. The family includes several genera, including the marmosets, tamarins, and lion tamarins. For a few years, this group of animals was regarded as a subfamily, called the Callitrichinae, of the family Cebidae.
This taxon was traditionally thought to be a primitive stem lineage, from which all the larger bodied platyrrhines evolved (see Hershkovitz, 1977). However, Dr Susan Ford has argued quite convincingly that callitrichids are actually a dwarfed lineage. The ancestral callitrichid would likely have been a "normal" sized cebid that was dwarfed through evolutionary time. This may exemplify a rare example of insular dwarfing in a mainland context, with the "islands" being formed by the extensive river networks in the Amazon Basin, which form effective biogeographic barriers.
All callitrichids are arboreal. They are the smallest of the anthropoid (i.e. simian) primates. They eat insects, fruit, and the sap or gum from trees; occasionally they will take small vertebrates. The marmosets rely quite heavily on exudates, with several species (Callithrix jacchus and Cebuella pygmaea) considered obligate exudativores.
Callitrichids typically live in small, territorial groups of about 5 or 6 animals. Their social organization is unique among primates and is called a "cooperative polyandrous group". This communal breeding system involves groups of multiple males and females, but only one female is reproductively active. Females mate with more than one male and everyone shares the responsibility of carrying the offspring.[3]
They are the only primate group that regularly produce twins, which constitute over 80% of births in species that have been studied. Unlike other male primates, male callitrichids generally provide as much parental care as females, more in some cases. Typical social structure seems to constitute a breeding group, with several of their previous offspring living in the group and providing significant help in rearing the young.
Species list
- Family Callitrichidae
- Genus Cebuella
- Genus Callibella
- Genus Mico
- Silvery Marmoset, Mico argentatus
- Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset, Mico leucippe
- Black-tailed Marmoset, Mico melanurus
- Aripuaña Marmoset, Mico intermedius
- Snethlage's Marmoset, Mico emiliae
- Black-headed Marmoset, Mico nigriceps
- Marca's Marmoset, Mico marcai
- Black-and-white Tassel-ear Marmoset, Mico humeralifer
- Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset, Mico chrysoleucus
- Maués Marmoset, Mico mauesi
- Satéré Marmoset, Mico saterei
- Manicoré Marmoset, Mico manicorensis
- Rio Acarí Marmoset, Mico acariensis
- Rondon's Marmoset, Mico rondoni
- Genus Callithrix
- Genus Callimico
- Genus Saguinus
- Black-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus nigricollis
- Brown-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus fuscicollis
- White-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus melanoleucus
- Golden-mantled Tamarin, Saguinus tripartitus
- Moustached Tamarin, Saguinus mystax
- White-lipped Tamarin, Saguinus labiatus
- Emperor Tamarin, Saguinus imperator
- Red-handed Tamarin, Saguinus midas
- Black Tamarin, Saguinus niger
- Mottle-faced Tamarin, Saguinus inustus
- Pied Tamarin, Saguinus bicolor
- Martins's Tamarin, Saguinus martinsi
- White-footed Tamarin, Saguinus leucopus
- Cottontop Tamarin, Saguinus oedipus
- Geoffroy's Tamarin, Saguinus geoffroyi
- Genus Leontopithecus
References
 | Wikispecies has information related to: Callitrichinae |
- ^ Groves, C. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. eds. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 129–136. OCLC 62265494. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=12100179.
- ^ Rylands AB and Mittermeier RA (2009). "The Diversity of the New World Primates (Platyrrhini)". In Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB. South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Bahavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer. pp. 23–54. ISBN 978-0-387-78704-6.
- ^ Sussman, R.W. (2003). "Chapter 1: Ecology: General Principles". Primate Ecology and Social Structure. Pearson Custom Publishing. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-536-74363-3.
 | This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2009) |
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Source:
Wikipedia
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