North American Ecology (US and Canada)

Junonia coenia is native to the southern United States and coastal California, and migratory throughout most of the rest of the states and into southern Canada (Scott 1986). Habitats are subtropical to upper Sonoran and upper austral zone in open areas and weedy places. Host plants are herbaceous, and include species from many families, including Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Verbenaceae, Acanthaceae, and Cornaceae. Eggs are laid on the host plant singly. Individuals overwinter as larvae, and perhaps adults, but only in California lowlands. There are multiple flights all in Florida, Texas and southern California, and migrations northward mostly occur June 1-Oct. 31 (Scott 1986).