Canada

Origin: Native

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Present

Confidence: Confident

Type of Residency: Year-round

Global Range: (>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)) BREEDS: from southeastern Alberta and southern Saskatchewan, south through the Great Plains to central Texas, and in the west from northeastern Idaho south to southeastern California, western Texas, and northern Durango (Yosef 1996). Intergrades with L. l. migrans in southwestern Manitoba (AOU 1957). WINTERS: southwestern U.S. north to Utah and Colorado, east to southern Louisiana, and south to southern Sinaloa and southern Veracruz, rarely to southeastern Oaxaca and west-central Chiapas (Yosef 1996).

Note: For many non-migratory species, occurrences are roughly equivalent to populations.

Estimated Number of Occurrences: 81 to >300

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

Rounded Global Status Rank: T4 - Apparently Secure

Reasons: Widespread and relatively common in many areas; however, has declined significantly over last century, and there is evidence of ongoing declines in some areas, particularly in the southern plains region.

Global Short Term Trend: Relatively stable to decline of 30%

Comments: Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) results not segregated by subspecies, but those from the BBS Central Region (Mississippi River west to Rockies) indicate a statistically significant decline of -1.9% per year, 1980-2000. However, data from the smaller USFWS Mountain-Prairie Region indicate roughly stable numbers. Significant declines apparent in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas; significant increase recorded in North Dakota. Other states and provinces roughly equally divided between increases and declines (Sauer et al. 2001). These trends do indicate a general easing since the precipitous declines of the 1960s and 1970s, but they remain significant.

Global Long Term Trend: Increase of 10-25% to decline of 70%

Comments: Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data indicate significant, long term declines. These data not separated by subspecies, but by region at the species level: For the period 1966-2000, declines of 65% in the central region, and 75% in the western region (Sauer et al. 2001). Since declines began before 1966, these are conservative figures for overall declines during the past century.

Comments: See comments in species record.

Comments: As delimited by Yosef (1996), includes L. l. nevadensis and L. l. sonoriensis.