Overview
Distribution
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Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1024044
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Kucera, C. L. 1998. The Grasses of Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1018088
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Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1327
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Davidse, H., Longhi-Wagner G. & S. Laegaard. 2003. Aristida. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46: 69–104.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1003760
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Allred, K. W. 1986. Studies in the Aristida (Gramineae) of the southeastern United States. IV. Key and conspectus. Rhodora 88(855): 367–387.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9399
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/636
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Small, J. K. 1933. Man. S.E. Fl. i–xxii, 1–1554. Published by the Author, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1515
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Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1495
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/637
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Missouri Botanical Garden
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National Distribution
United States
Origin: Native
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Present
Confidence: Confident
Type of Residency: Year-round
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Global Range: Florida to Oklahoma, north to New Jersey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Nebraska, Wyoming.
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Physical Description
Diagnostic Description
See under technical description for distinguishing characters of the variety. A. dichotoma may be distinguished from others in the genus by this combination of characters: lemma not articulate with the column of the awns; lateral awns usually more than 1 mm long; central awn spirally coiled at base, lateral awns straight; plant annual; lateral awns much shorter than the central, erect. (Hitchcock 1951)
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Type Information
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Status verified from secondary sources
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): A. H. Curtiss
Year Collected: 1871
Locality: Bedford, Virginia, United States, North America
- Type fragment: Gray, A. 1890. Man. Bot. N. U.S. 640.
© Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
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Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Status verified from secondary sources
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): A. H. Curtiss
Year Collected: 1874
Locality: Bedford, Virginia, United States, North America
- Isotype: Gray, A. 1890. Man. Bot. N. U.S. 640.
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Ecology
Habitat
Comments: "Open dry ground of fields, roadsides" (Hough 1983).
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Life History and Behavior
Reproduction
Both cleistogamy and chasmogamy present in the genus (Connor 1979). Long awn may adhere to feathers or fur.
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Conservation
Conservation Status
National NatureServe Conservation Status
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: N5 - Secure
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NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: T5 - Secure
Reasons: Widespread from Ontario to Florida and from South Dakota to Texas; fairly common in Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, infrequent in eastern part of range.
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Management
Biological Research Needs: Resolve taxonomic status: this taxon is known as A. curtissii, A. basiramea var. curtissii, and A. dichotoma var. curtissii.
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Names and Taxonomy
Taxonomy
Comments: Listed in Kartesz checklist (1994) as a variety of Aristida dichotoma; treated as A. curtissii by several other authors. Also has been treated as Aristida basiramea var. curtissii.
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