Ostrya knowltonii — Details

Ostrya knowltonii Coville:
United States (North America)

Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1493
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, e. 1997. Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. 3: i–xxiii, 1–590. In Fl. N. Amer. Oxford University Press, New York. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/24627

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Global Range: Found in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah. In texas it is only known from the Guadalupe Mountains National Park, where the area of occupied and potential habitat covers less than one 7.5' topo map (Poole pers. comm.). In New Mexico, only one authenticated voucher from the St. Andreas Mountains exists. In Arizona it only occurs in the Grand Canyon and Oak Creek Canyon near Flagstaff (Ladyman pers. comm.).

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Physical Description

Morphology

Comments

Ostrya knowltonii occurs sporadically throughout the arid Southwest, including both rims of the Grand Canyon. On the basis of morphology and phytogeography, it appears to be more closely allied with Ostrya in mountainous western Mexico than with the eastern O . virginiana .

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Description

Trees , to 9 m; crowns open, narrowly rounded. Bark brownish gray, broken into narrow vertical scales or rather ragged strips. Twigs sparsely to moderately pubescent, often with stipitate glands. Leaves: petiole covered with stipitate glands. Leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate-elliptic to broadly elliptic or nearly orbiculate, 2.5--6.5 × 1.5--5 cm, base narrowly rounded to cordate or cuneate, margins sharply and unevenly doubly serrate, apex acute; surfaces abaxially pubescent, especially on veins. Inflorescences: staminate catkins 2--3 cm; pistillate catkins 0.6--1 cm. Infructescences 2.5--4 × 1.8--2.5 cm; bracts 1--1.8 × 0.5--1 cm.

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Diagnostic Description

Synonym

Ostrya baileyi Rose

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Type Information

Holotype for Ostrya baileyi Rose
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Original publication and alleged type specimen examined
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): V. O. Bailey
Year Collected: 1901
Locality: Guadalupe Mountains, Head of Dog Canyon., Texas, United States, North America
Elevation (m): 2195 to 2195

Holotype: Rose, J. N. 1905. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 293.

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Source: National Museum of Natural History Image Collection

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Ecology

Habitat

Comments: Mesic canyons over 1,500 meters; bases of monoliths, defiles and hanging gardens in sandstone at 1,225-1,700 meters.

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Habitat & Distribution

Flowering late spring. Streamsides and rocky slopes in moist canyons; 1200--2400 m; Ariz., N.Mex., Tex., Utah.

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Ostrya knowltonii

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 2
Species: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1

Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: N3 - Vulnerable

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G3 - Vulnerable

Reasons: Occurs over a wide range but populations may be small and restricted. Taxon considered a rare tree by Elias (1980).

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Threats

Comments: Threatened in unprotected areas by water diversion or development.

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Management

Biological Research Needs: Determine taxonomic distinction from O. baileyi.

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Wikipedia

Ostrya knowltonii

Ostrya knowltonii is a species of tree known by the common names Knowlton's hophornbeam, western hophornbeam, woolly hophornbeam, and wolf hophornbeam. It is also one of many trees called ironwood. It is native to Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the United States, but its distribution is localized and sporadic.^[1]

This plant is a tree that grows to nine^[2] to twelve^[1] meters in maximum height. The trunk is short and it divides into many crooked branches. The crown is rounded. The bark is brownish gray and furrowed into scales or strips. The leaves are up to 6.3 centimeters long and have serrated edges. Male and female flowers are borne in separate catkins, the male up to 3 centimeters long and the female up to one. The fruit is a nutlet.^[1]^[2]

This plant grows in the American Southwest, including the rims of the Grand Canyon. It grows in oak woodlands, pinyon-juniper woodlands, and Ponderosa pine forests. It occurs in sunny, dry locations.^[1]

The wood of the tree is hard and tough, and it can be used to make durable items such as fence posts and tool handles.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Tesky, Julie L. 1994. Ostrya knowltonii. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ostrya knowltonii. Flora of North America.
^ Ostrya knowltonii. The Nature Conservancy.

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Names and Taxonomy

Taxonomy

Comments: A species in a genus of about 10 species found in the Northern Hemisphere. Texas taxon may be listed as Ostrya baileyi.

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