General: Canyon live oak is an evergreen tree with a rounded, dense crown, growing from 6 to 20 m tall. It also may be a low shrub in dry, open habitats. The mature bark is gray and scaly. Like all oaks, it is monoecious and wind-pollinated. Leaves are oblong to elliptic, 2 to 3 cm long, flat, firm, with entire to toothed margins. Although dark green and shiny above, their lower surfaces are paler, grayish, and covered with a yellow “felt.” Like all oaks, it is monoecious and wind-pollinated. Acorn cups are composed of thick, tubercled scales. The one-seeded nuts are 2 to 6 cm long, oblong to elliptic, and mature in less than 2 years. On average, trees have high acorn production once every 2 to 3 years. Flowering takes place from March to May. Fruits mature between August and October.