Corylus heterophylla — Details

Corylus heterophylla Fisch. ex Trautv.:
China (Asia)
Japan (Asia)
South Korea (Asia)
Russian Federation (Asia)

Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1999. Fl. China 4: 1–453. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1018510

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Physical Description

Morphology

Comments

The hazelnut of commerce.

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Description

Shrubs or small trees, to 7 m tall; bark gray. Branchlets pubescent and stipitate glandular, with white lenticels. Petiole slender, 1-2(-3) cm, sparsely pubescent; leaf blade oblong, elliptic, elliptic-obovate, broadly ovate, or obovate to suborbicular, 4-13 × 2.5-10 cm, papery, abaxially pilose along veins, adaxially glabrous, base cordate, margin irregularly and doubly serrate, usually lobed, apex mucronate to caudate; lateral veins 3-7 on each side of midvein. Male inflorescences 2-5 in a cluster, pendulous, slender, ca. 4 cm; bracts reddish brown, obovate, densely pubescent, apex acuminate from nearly truncate, apical portion of leaf. Female flowers 2-6 in a cluster; bracts campanulate, 1.5-2.5 cm, striate, densely pubescent and stipitate glandular near base, with triangular-ovate, entire or dentate lobes. Nut ovoid-globose, ca. as long as bracts, 0.7-1.5 cm in diam., apex villous. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Aug. 2n = 22.

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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Temperate broad-leaved forests, thickets on mountain slopes; 400-2500 m. Anhui, E and S Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, E Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, NE Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (E Siberia)]

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Corylus heterophylla

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Species: 6
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Wikipedia

Corylus heterophylla

Corylus heterophylla, the Asian Hazel, is a species of hazel native to eastern Asia, from northern China, eastern Mongolia, Korea, Japan, and southeastern Siberia.^[1]

It is a deciduous shrub or small tree growing to 7 m tall, with stems up to 20 cm thick grey bark. The leaves are rounded, 4-13 cm long and 2.5-10cm broad, with a coarsely double-serrated to somewhat lobed margin and an often truncated apex. The flowers are wind-pollinated catkins; the male (pollen) catkins are pale yellow, 4 cm long, while the female catkins are bright red and only 1–3 mm long. The fruit is a nut produced in clusters of 2–6 together; each nut is 0.7–1.5 cm diameter, partly enclosed in a 1.5–2.5 cm long, bract-like involucre (husk).^[1]^[2]

It is very similar to the closely related Common Hazel (C. avellana) of Europe and western Asia, differing in the leaves being somewhat more lobed.^[2]

Uses

The nut is edible, and is very similar to the Common Hazel nut; it is cultivated commercially in China.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Flora of China: Corylus heterophylla
^ ^a ^b Bean, W. J. (1976). Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles 8th ed., vol. 1. John Murray ISBN 0-7195-1790-7.

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