Betulaceae -- Birch family

    David T. Funk

    European alder (Alnus glutinosa), also called black alder  or European black alder, was introduced to eastern North America  in colonial times. This tree ranges in size from a large shrub to  a large tree. It has escaped cultivation and grows naturally on  lowlying lands. Its rapid growth, tolerance for acid soils, and  nitrogen-fixing role make European alder desirable for  shelterbelts, reclamation areas, landscapes, and biomass  production. It is valuable to wildlife for providing good cover  and a source of seeds.